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Change Management Iceberg[变革管理冰山]

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总结

Wilfried Krüger的变革管理冰山(Change Management Iceberg)理论形象地论证了组织变革的关键—— 应对变革障碍。


冰山之巅

根据Kruger的研究,大多数变革管理者只关注变革冰山的顶层(水面以上部分), 即变革所牵涉的成本、质量和时间等问题(问题管理)。


冰山之基

然而,冰山的水面以下部分,包含着变革管理更为重要的两个方面:

  • 感知与信仰管理,
  • 权力与政治管理。

应对变革障碍所需采取的变革管理方式亦取决于两个因素:

1、变革种类

     - 对待“坚硬的”挑战(如信息系统、组织流程),需要放开手脚大刀阔斧地废旧换新

     - 对待“绵软的”挑战(如价值、情绪、能力),应对方法则复杂得多

2、变革战略

     -革命性的、彻底的变革,如Business Process Reengineering[业务流程重组]

     -渐进式的、递增的变革,如Kaizen[改善]

变革相关者

  • 变革的极力反对者,不仅对变革持反对态度,而且付诸行动阻挠变革,以免变革伤害到其个人利益。 需要通过感知与信仰管理,尽可能地改变他们对待改革的思想认识。
  • 变革的积极促进者,不仅对变革持普遍的欢迎态度,而且从个人出发积极推动变革,以期通过变革实现个人的价值利益。 他们既利用变革,就必然支持变革。
  • 变革的暗藏反对者,尽管表面上看似支持变革,事实上他们是对变革基本上持反对态度的机会主义者。 对待他们,除了感知与信仰管理之外,还需要辅以信息沟通(问题管理),改变他们的态度。
  • 变革的潜在促进者,对待变革基本上持赞成态度,但由于各种原因对变革又显得信心不足。 这种情况下,就需要权利与政治管理。

应对变革

Krüger强调,变革管理是一项长期的任务和挑战, 冰山顶层的问题管理,只有与冰山底层管理保持一致,才有可能达到一定的效果。 冰山底层正是变革管理的基础,它反映出来的就是,人际行为维度和文化标准维度的权力与政治管理以及感知与信仰管理。


文章: Wilfried Krüger - Implementation: the Core Task of Change Management, CEMS Business Review, Vol. 1, 1996

参考书: Michael A. Beitler - Strategic Organizational change

参考书: Linda Ackerman Anderson, Dean Anderson - The Change Leader's Roadmap


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论坛

关于以下内容的论坛讨论:变更管理(冰山)。您可以在下方提出有关此主题的问题、分享您的经验、报告新的发展或解释一些事情。


🔥 冰山还是在融化. 早晚他们还是无家可归.
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I think everyone who is involved in change processes needs to practice "transparency" in a way to abstain from misunderstanding, mis-communication and building up trust. Especially the management gro...
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话题 6 Images of Managing Change (Palmer, Dunford and Akin)
Palmer, Dunford and Akin provide vision and direction for managers to think about their role in managing organizational change. They suggest that during the course of a change the following 6 Images o...
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话题 Bad Change Management Examples
Who can share a live example of a company implementing change management miserably? What went wrong and why? Thanks!...
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话题 Is it Possible to Manage Change If the Right Approaches Are NOT Used?
Hi all, I've been focussing on this question for a week now and I find that unless if the right approaches, like that of implementing, communication and strategy are used, you end up creating problems...
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话题 Dealing with Change is Not Always Problematic
I think there's a degree of over complexity here. In many instances humans do cope well with change, most usually when such change is under their control or when external influences are compatible wit...
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话题 Managing Change is in the Essence of Management
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话题 Change is Often Selfish; for the Organization
The problem I find with change is that in most cases, it favors the organization more than the employees....
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话题 Ethics in Change Management
What does one do when as a change agent, one realizes that what is being asked will finally be damaging to the growth or health of the organization? In one of my various change management assignments...
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话题 Human Factors in Change Management
An important part of change management is dealing with human factors --- reactions to implementation which for both individuals and groups occur in phases. These can be laughing at the change, resisti...
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话题 Overcoming Resistance? The Rapid Results Method by Schaffer
I have recently come across the interesting "Rapid Results" method of implementing change by Robert H. Schaffer ('Rapid Results!' (2005)). A Rapid Results project, in short, is an adrenaline-charged c...
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话题 Managing the Change Within Oneself
What about the change we manage within ourselves everyday, everytime? Can anyone please share any experience about how they manage the changes within themselves?...
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话题 Communicating Change to Top Management
What are the different ways of communicating change to top management?...
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关于变更管理(冰山)的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。


🥇 Reasons and Motives to Resist Change
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🥈 The ADKAR model by Prosci
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🥉 What are the Reasons for Change?
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话题 What Leadership Style Reduces Resistance?
The importance of employees being committed to change cannot be underestimated nowadays, since more and more organizations are operating in a dynamic environment, both internally and externally. How ...
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话题 Hidden Resistance to Change
It is very important to recognize that the most powerful resistance does NOT come from those who openly disagree with you. For such people you can easily ague it out with them and know where the proce...
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话题 What Punishment for Unwilling Employees?
My question is this: when an organization wants to bring change in the organization, we know that if employees are in favour of the change then we reward them and if they are not then they are punched...
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话题 Create Involvement and Communicate the Strategic Need to Change
Changes in general are difficult and, in most cases, we live them more like a threat than an opportunity. As we all know, these resistors are not random, but part of the deep survival mechanism that h...
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话题 Characteristics of Organizations That are Open to Change
To what extent should an organisation be open to regular change management initiatives. Are certain types of organisations more receptive to successful change management than others? What characterize...
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话题 Automatic Defense Mechanisms to Change
What I think is that human beings are reluctant for change by nature. When there is a change taking place around themselves, they will either cope with that or else the automatic defense mechanism wil...
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专家提示

关于Change Management (Iceberg)(英语)的高级见解。在这里,您将找到专家的专业建议。


Subject

I'll never use the term 'Resistance to Change' again

Resistance to Change is a Defensive Attitude...
I am working as a change manager in a German IT company. Somebody advised me the other day to read an article about resi...
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Addressing Concerns Against Change and their Remedies

Change Management, Organizational Change, Turnaround Management
According to Ken Blanchard in the article Mastering the Art of Change (Training Journal, January 2010), it is importan...
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Personal Networks of Successful Change Agents

Leading Major and Minor Change Initiatives
Organizational change is often difficult to achieve because it disturbs the hierarchical structures and the way to accom...
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Leadership Strategies for Change

Initiate, implement, develop and sustain change
In response to the high rate of change failure, Ken Blanchard and his team have developed the Blanchard Leading Through ...
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Understanding Why Resistance Occurs

Why Acknowledging the Power of Employees is Important
The concept of bases of social power is very important for organizations in the context of change initiatives. The sour...
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Key Success Factors when you're Designing your Change Management Program

Best Practices, Change Management, Organizational Change
In their article "Making Change Happen, and Making It Stick" (published in the online edition of strategy+business, Dece...
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Role of Recruiting in Organization Culture So Hard? The ASA Model (Schneider)

Organization Culture, Culture Change, Corporate Culture, Change Management, Recruitment
Why is changing an organization culture so difficult? Because, once it is established, a culture has the tendency to str...
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What Change Agents Should I Use?

Change Management, Organizational Change, Turnaround Management
When choosing between internal or external change agents, organizations should consider following advantages and disadva...
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The Need to Communicate the REASONS for Change

Change Management
1072 survey contributors commented on how improve their chances of thriving, by communicating in ways that build trust a...
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Assessing the Risks of Change and the Organizations Capacity for Change

Leading Change
In their book "Transforming Public and Nonprofit Organization Stewardship for Leading Change", James Edwin Kee and Kat...
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Critical Leadership Skills

Tackling the Six Stages of Concern
In order to tackle all six stages of concern mentioned by Ken Blanchard in the article Mastering the Art of Change (Tr...
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Six Crucial Mind Shifts for Strategy Execution / Implementation

Change Management, Strategic Change, Resistance to CHange, Strategy Implementation
Speculand (2009) suggests six mind shifts that people should consider when they're implementing new strategies in organi...
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Strategic Change: Why, What, When, Who and How

Preparing Strategic Change
If we need to change strategically, we need to think about why, what, when, who and how: - Why do we want to change? - ...
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The 7C Framework for Successful Personal and Professional Change

Personal Change, Professional Change, Personal Transition, Professional Transition, Embracing Change
In the article 'Managing Yourself: How to Embrace Complex Change", Brimm (2015) provides a framework of seven Cs that c...
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The Role of the CEO in Strategic Change Initiation

Communicating Strategic Change
In management literature the role of the CEO in formulating and implementing strategic change has often been emphasized....
信息来源

有关变更管理(冰山)的各种信息来源。在这里,您将找到Powerpoint,视频,新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。


幻灯

22 Best Practices in Change Management

Change Management, Organizational Change
Presentation starts with short introduction of managing organizational change and then outlines 22 best practices in cha...
幻灯

The Nature and Complexity of Organizational Change

Change Management, Organizational Change
Presentation about organizational change. The presentation discusses and highlights the complexity and multi-dimensional...
视频短片

Dealing with Strong Resisters

Dealing with Resistance to Change, Change Management, Training, Workshop
Dr. John Kotter gives remarkable advice on dealing with "No, No, People" (strong resisters in change initiatives). Acco...
幻灯

Avoiding Resistance: Communicate Organizational Change to Affected Audiences

Organizational Change, Change Management, Change Communications
This presentation elaborates on the process of communicating change towards those affected by the change. The presentati...
视频短片

Tips for Successful Change Management

Initial Understanding of How to Manage Change Successfully
Gavin Wedell explains that to change one's organization, one must change one's inner being. In today's world market con...
文章

Effective Change Leadership and Management: Principles, Frameworks and Tools

Change Management, Change Leadership
Comprehensive presentation on leadership and management in a change context. 1. Introduction and Overview 2. What is t...
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What is Change Management?

Initial Understanding of Change Management
In this video Elissa Farrow from About Your Transition explains the relatively new concept of Organizational Change Mana...
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Professor Evans Explains Why Fast Change Requires New Ways of Learning and Thinking

Action Learning, Coping with Change, The Need of Change, The Need for New Ways of Learning
In this historic video Action Learning Professor Reg Evans shows that it is very important to understand that today's ra...
幻灯

Dealing with Resistance to Change

Change Management, Resistance to Change
This presentation focuses on resistance to change and ways to overcome or prevent it. The presentation has good graphics...
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Resistance to Change and Its Management

Change Management, Resistance to Change, Change Resistance
This presentation focuses on a specific dimension of change management, namely the management of resistance to change of...
幻灯

Managing Organizational Change

Change Management, Leading Change, Organizational Development
This is a presentation about the ways to manage change. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. Introducti...
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Change Management in an Information Technology / IT Context

Change Management, Information Systems Planning, Information Systems Architecture, Information Systems Implementation
This presentation provides information about the planning and implementation of change, focusing on a context of informa...
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Managing Organizational Change and Managing Stress

Organizational Change; Change Management; Stress Management
Presentation about organizational change with a special emphasis on stress management. The presentation includes the fol...
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Evaluating Organizational Change: Approaches, Reasons, Types and Processes

Change Management, Success of Organizational Change, Organizational Learning
This presentation elaborates on how to evaluate organizational change. The presentation includes the main known approach...
视频短片

The X Model of Employee Engagement

Employee Engagement, Organizational Commitment, Amployee Attitude
Organizations aim for success. And so do employees. But individuals (employees, executives, managers) have their own def...
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The Importance of Adapting to Change

Change Management, Need to Change, Change Management
Dave Weber reveals that Charles Darwin never said that the strongest of the species survives. What he really said was t...
文章

Article by Krger 1

Change Management
Part 1 of the article by Wilfried Krger in De Wit and Meyer's Strategy: Proces, Content, Context. Used with permission....
幻灯

Role of Leadership in Change Management

Change Management, Leadership
Clear presentation about the tasks of leaders in change management by N.H. Amer. First there is an outline of the person...
幻灯

Change Management Iceberg Diagram

Resistance to Change
Download and edit the 12manage PowerPoint model for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in int...
文章

Article by Krger 2

Change Management
Part 2 of the article by Wilfried Krger in De Wit and Meyer's Strategy: Proces, Content, Context. Used with permission....

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比较: Change Model Beckhard[Beckhard变革模型]  |  Changing Organization Cultures[组织文化变革法]  |  Forget Borrow Learn[遗忘借用学习法]  |  Change Phases[变革阶段]  |  Appreciative Inquiry[肯定式探询]  |  Positive Deviance[正向偏差]  |  DICE Framework[DICE架构]  |  Force Field Analysis[力场分析法]  |  Core Group Theory[核心组理论]  |  Bases of Social Power[社会权力基础]  |  MSP[成功管理计划]  |  PMMM[项目管理成熟度模型]  |  Theory of Planned Behavior[计划行为理论]  |  Business Process Reengineering[业务流程重组]  |  Kaizen[改善]  |  Dimensions of Change[变革尺度]  |  Seven Habits[七个习惯]  | Levels of Culture[文化层次]  |  Culture Types[文化类型]  |  RACI[RACI模型]


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