Bases of Social Power[社会权力基础]

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权力过程渗透于社会方方面面，不仅复杂，还常扮有伪装。 French和Raven的社会权力基础（Bases of Social Power）理论识别出五个（或六个）方面的社会权力基础（来源）。

1. 奖赏权力（Reward Power）。 这种权力基于给予正面有利结果，或去除负面不利结果所带来的力量。

2. 强制权力（Coercive Power）。 这种权力是指对违背旨意的人进行惩戒的力量。

3. 法定权力（Legitimate Power）。 这种权力是指通过选举或任命而担当一定职位所得到的行为力量，亦称组织权威（Organizational Authority） 或规范权力（Normative Power）。 比较： Organization Chart[组织结构图]。

4. 参照权力（Referent Power）。 这种权力是由于成为别人学习参照榜样所拥有的力量。

5. 专家权力（Expert Power）。 这种权力来自于个人所拥有的专长、专门知识和特殊技能。

6. 信息权力（Information Power） 。 与5类似， 这种权力依赖于对某种他人必须的、重要信息的控制。

社会权力基础理论假定权力及其影响作用至少要卷入两个作用体， 并认为权力受体对于研究社会影响和权力现象更为有用。

French和Raven检阅了各种各样的权力后果，既有被权力所吸引的，也有对权力产生抵抗的。 吸引或抵抗都是权力受体对于权力作用体的情绪化反映。 他们总结到，权力基础不同，其产生的后果也不同。

例如，强制权力非常典型，它削弱吸引力，引起高度抵抗力。 而奖赏权力则会提高吸引力，并将抵抗力降到最低限度。

French和Raven还认为， 强制权力越合法（感觉而言），抵抗力就越薄弱，注意力也会随之减弱。

论坛 关于以下内容的论坛讨论：社会权力基础。您可以在下方提出有关此主题的问题、分享您的经验、报告新的发展或解释一些事情。 开始一个新的论坛主题关于社会权力基础 在这里分享您的知识（或提出问题）   A 7th Source of Power: Participative Power Achieve participative power by having: - Common goals - Clear vision - Constant communication - Everyone is involved - Consensus (for important decisions).... 14   2条评论 Composition of Power Bases I think several power bases can be required in one individual, and suggest to focus on the composition of all power bases in making an all round powerful person/leader, e.g. expert power 40%, reward p... 13   4条评论 How Leaders Influence Others? 6 Principles of Influence Influence refers to the power of an individual to impel another person to action by either intangible or indirect means. Therefore it plays an important role in leadership. Kaufman (2011) develo... 12   2条评论 With Power Comes Responsibility! With real power comes responsibility. You need to exercise it with an objective in mind. Power without responsibility will make you answerable one day!... 11   1条评论 Is Charisma a Source of Social Power? What about personal power or call it charismatic power? Certain people can be powerful through their charisma, energy, stamina, strength or verbal skills on top of the mentioned sources of power.... 10   2条评论 Synergistic Power is the Strongest All power is secondary to synergistic power. The mathematics of synergistic power is this: 1 + 1 = 11! There is a proverb that states: 'Plans fail for lack of counsel, but with many advisers they su... 10   Should See Power Differently... The word "power" acts as deterrent for most of the employees to perform and leaves a negative and rebellious feeling in them. Power should be seen as a facilitating tool to influence people. And as a ... 10   About Information Power I personally believe that information power is the most influential form of power. All other powers especially legitimate power needs to feed off of information or even expert power in order to sustai... 10   1条评论 What is Power? Definitions French and Raven detail varieties of social power, but what is 'power', is it Foucault's action that requires two consenting parties - where there is the possibility of an individual decision and pers... 8   2条评论 Mind Power - Power of Mind Every one has power of mind, of which only around 17% is active. We need to activate the unconscious mind power to energize. Ince we succeed to utilize our mind power we will become a great performer.... 7   Social Power is Determined by the (Perception of the) Receiver Note that the perception of the receiving agent on how effective power can be used goes a long way in defining the social relationship.... 4   Bases of Social Power: What's Common? What do these Bases of Social Power have in common?... 3   1条评论 Desire to Have Power... Why do people desire social power?... 1   2条评论 Framing or Meaning Power An additional source of power in organizations can be to establish the framework within which issues will be viewed and decided (J. Pfeffer - Managing with Power: Politics and Influence in Organizatio... 0   2条评论

最佳实践 关于社会权力基础的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。 🥇 Assumed Power in a Void Another type of power is that which is created in a void (Ed: ~ empty space) of leadership, that is assumed power. No one is exerting power in an area, so someone assumes that role, and the power is b... 29   23条评论 🥈 2 more Types of Power There are two other types of power. One is derived from dependency relationship. Any dependency for anything else makes one powerful over the dependents. This may be called "Dependency Power". The oth... 7   7条评论 🥉 What is Referent Power? Definition and Examples The definition for �referent power� in the summary of the basis of social power is not 100% clear when it says: "referent power is power through association with others who possess power". That could ... 7   3条评论

专家提示 关于Bases of Social Power（英语）的高级见解。在这里，您将找到专家的专业建议。 Bases of Social Power in the Context of Change Initiatives Why Acknowledging the Power of Employees is Important The concept of bases of social power is very important for organizations in the context of change initiatives. The sour... What precisely was Legitimate Power according to French and Raven? Definition Precise Definition by French and Raven While I appreciate and aknowledge that the definition of legitimate power, posed in this section, represents the current... Mobilize the Expert Power in your Team Early On Team Formation, Expert Power, Group Decision-making, Extroversion, Introversion In a short article, Bonner and Bolinger describe a surprisingly simple process to beef up the problem solving and/or dec... Seventh Source of Social Power (French & Raven) Leadership, Management, Change Management In addition to the above mentioned bases or sources of social (organizational) power, French and Raven also distinguishe... Positional and Personal Bases of Power Leadership In �The Power Theory of Leadership�, Hayden analyses the bases of social power (excluding connectional power) and reiter... The Relationship between the Power of Leaders and Overconfidence Leadership, Power, Leadership Development, Executive Education Fast et al. (2012) researched the relationship between power and overconfidence. In many cases it can be seen that decis...

信息来源 有关社会权力基础的各种信息来源。在这里，您将找到Powerpoint，视频，新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。 Power and Politics in Organizations Power Relations, Bases of Power, Political Behavior, Politics, Political Tactics, Organizational Politics This presentation covers the topic of politics in organization, especially focusing on power issues. The presentation in... The Fatal Coaching Mistake by Managers Coaching, Mentoring, Management, Leadership Managers and executives often don't realize how much influence they have over their staff, by just being their superior... Ineffective Leadership and Unethical Leadership Leadership Types, Management, Ethics Presentation about Bad or Unethical Leadership that includes the following sections: 1. Webs of Significance 2. The We... Group Influences and Opinion Leadership Groupthink, Group Dynamics, Word of Mouth Marketing, Sales, Opinion Leadership, Convincing People, Persuation Presentation about Group Influences, including various related concepts such as the Social Comparison Theory and Word-of... Power Tactics Tactics to become powerful in organizations 6 common ways to become powerul in organizations. By Renuka Kuchipudi.... Supervisory Power International Differences Study by M. Afzalur Rahim tested a structural equations model of the French and Raven bases of supervisory power (coerci...

研究链接 自动跳入有关以下内容的其他有用资源社会权力基础。 新闻 视频 简报   书比人好 学术的 更多

比较： Hagberg Model of Personal Power[哈格伯格个人力量模型]  |  Charismatic Leadership[魅力型领导]  |  Servant-Leadership[仆人式领导]  |  Change Management Iceberg[变革管理冰山]  |  Appreciative Inquiry[肯定式探询]  |  Positive Deviance[正向偏差]  |  Change Phases[变革阶段]  |  Force Field Analysis[力场分析法]  |  Core Group Theory[核心组理论]  |  Theory of Planned Behavior[计划行为理论]  |  Groupthink[团体迷思]  |  EPIC ADVISERS[史诗顾问]  |  Leadership Styles[领导风格]  |  Managerial Grid[管理方格理论]  |  Situational Leadership[情境领导]  |  Level 5 Leadership[第五级领导]  |  Centralization and Decentralization[中心化与去中心化]

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