Culture Types[文化类型] （狄尔&肯尼迪）

知识中心

什么是文化类型？ 释义

哈佛教授泰伦斯·狄尔（Terrence Deal）与麦肯锡咨询公司咨讯顾问艾伦·肯尼迪（Allen Kennedy）是最早一批致力于企业文化（Corporate Culture）研究的学者。 1982年，在他们的书作《企业文化：企业生活中的礼仪与仪式》（Corporate Culture: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life）中，狄尔与肯尼迪认为， 组织文化简而言之就是组织的行事方式（The way things get done around here）。

在这本书中，他们还提出了企业文化的六个关联要素： 历史、价值观与信仰、礼仪与仪式，故事、英雄以及由企业内外不同群体所组成的文化网络。 他们通过以下两个因素来区分企业的文化类型：

• 反馈速度（Feedback Speed）： 企业活动获取反馈与回报的速度。
• 风险程度（Degree of Risk）： 企业活动的风险程度和不确定度。

根据这两个因素，企业文化即可划分出以下四个类型：

1. 硬汉型文化（Tough-Guy Macho Culture）（反馈与回报的速度快，风险大）：
   • 因为高风险和回报的不确定性而产生压力。
   • 着眼当下，个人主义压倒团队精神。
   • 典型： 广告业、经济人行业、体育圈。
2. 苦干型文化（Work-Hard, Play-Hard Culture）（反馈与回报的速度快，风险低）：
   • 压力源自工作量，而非工作任务的不确定性。
   • 重视速度，超人工作。
   • 典型： 销售业、餐饮业、软件行业。
3. 办差型文化（Process Culture）（反馈与回报的速度慢，风险低）：
   • 压力一般较低，但组织内部政策以及官僚制度也有可能造成压力。
   • 关注细节与流程表现。
   • 典型： 政府机关、银行业、保险业、公共机构。
4. 赌注型文化（Bet-Your-Company Culture）（反馈与回报的速度慢，风险高）：
   • 压力源自高风险以及反馈与回报的滞后。
   • 目光长远，重视准备与规划。
   • 典型： 制药业、飞机制造业、石油勘探业。

参考书： Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life (1982) [中译本《企业文化：企业生活中的礼仪与仪式》，中国人民大学出版社，2008] -

参考书： Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - The New Corporate Cultures (2000) [中译本《创造竞争优势：7大经营挑战与5大成功法宝》，台北先觉出版股份有限公司，2001] -

论坛 新主题 企业文化论坛。 Building Blocks of Organizational Culture: The Six Components of Corporate Culture (Coleman) Culture, unlike its short and easy definition � the way we do things here � isn't as easy a concept to get the h (...) 17   8个反应 Perfect Definition of Corporate Culture (Uttal, 1983) In an article in Fortune magazine (Oct. 17, 1983 - pp. 66-72), writer Bro Uttal defined 'corporate culture' as follows: (...) 9   13个反应 Creating an Innovative Organizational Culture Innovative cultures are greatly valued because they are not only good for a company's bottom line, but also largely depi (...) 8   7个反应 How to Deal with a Culture of Gossip and Backbiting? Hi all, I am in the following situation: - I am the deputy of a Team Manager (TM). - The team consists of people with (...) 4   2个反应 Innovation in a Target / Performance Culture Many organizations today have a 'target culture', which is characterized by strong performance management, performance m (...) 4   0个反应 Another Culture Type: the Yes Culture Schmidt and Rosenberg recommend to establish a "Yes Culture" in order to establish an innovative firm. It is a culture i (...) 4   0个反应 Do Competitive Work Cultures Lead to Better Performance? I am searching for information and sources (books or articles) to give me information about differences between competit (...) 4   2个反应 The Effects of Leadership on Organizational Culture Hi, I am currently researching on "The effects of leadership on organizational culture" for my thesis. I am enrolled for (...) 3   1个反应 Culture Types Useful Model This model on culture types makes it easy to understand why certain results can be attained, particularly when efforts a (...) 3   1个反应 High Performance Work Culture Of what does a high performance work culture consists...? (...) 2   0个反应 Connecting Culture and the Dominant Strategy The flaw in the Deal and Kennedy model is that it does not connect culture to the strategies being implemented by the or (...) 1   2个反应 International Culture Types I think that the four culture types model has now become too limited. Not many of the types work well for third-world co (...) 1   3个反应

最佳实践 注册 关于企业文化的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。 Eight Types of Organizational Culture (Groysberg) Culture is the social order of an organisation. It forms people's attitudes and behaviours in a wide range of ways. Cult (...) 9   5个反应 12 Culture Factors of Drennan? Has anyone heard of Drennan and his 12 factors in which you can recognize a corporate culture? He is the one who said cu (...) 8   3个反应 Culture of Accountability Any experience with a Culture of Accountability? There are different books and suppliers of the concept, workshops and (...) 6   9个反应

专家提示 注册 关于Corporate Culture（英语）的高级见解。在这里，您将找到专家的专业建议。 Establishing an Organizational Culture of Perpetual Crisis Corporate Culture Best Practice An interesting article in the issue of Fortune (Sept. 5, 2005, no. 15) explains how Jong-Yong Yun, CEO of Samsung, is re (...) Strategies to Change Employee Habits, Hearts and Heads Changing Organization Cultures According to J.E. Kee and K.E. Newcomer ("Why Do Change Efforts Fail? What Can Leaders Do About It?", The Public Manager (...) Pitfalls and Best Practices in Culture Change Changing Organizational Cultures, What to DO and what NOT According to Jon Katzenbach and Ashley Harshak ("Stop Blaming Your Culture", strategy+business, Spring 2011, Issue 62), (...) Top-5 Reasons for Burnouts are All Management-related! Burnout Causes, Burnout Reasons, Causes of Burnouts A 2018 Gallup study of nearly 7,500 full-time employees found that no less than 23% replied they feel burned out at work (...) Why is Changing an Organization Culture So Hard? The ASA Model (Schneider) Organization Culture, Culture Change, Corporate Culture, Change Management, Recruitment Why is changing an organization culture so difficult? Because, once it is established, a culture has the tendency to str (...) How Culture Levels Explain Failures in Organizational Learning and Innovation Improving Organizational Learning, Organizational Innovation, Changing Organization Cultures Schein (as cited by Bertagni et al., 2010) tries to elaborate on the question why organizational innovations often fail (...) The Importance of Culture in Organizational Performance Organizational Culture, Corporate Culture, Employee Behavior, Organizational Performance John Connolly, former CEO of Deloitte UK, argues that one of the most critical determinants of organizational performanc (...) 7 Mechanisms to Change Corporate Cultures Change Management, Organizational Change, Culture Change Management can choose from this menu of actions to change a problematic corporate culture: 1. Making a compelling case (...) PROs and CONs of a Strong Corporate Culture Corporate Culture Change, Change Management, Organizational Change Implementing a significant change is generally easier when the corporate culture is not strong. By strong Corporate Cult (...)

信息来源 注册 有关企业文化的各种信息来源。在这里，您将找到Powerpoint，视频，新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。

比较： Levels of Culture[文化层次]  |  Changing Organization Cultures[组织文化变革法]  |  Cultural Dimensions[文化尺度]  |  Groupthink[团体迷思]  |  Core Group Theory[核心组理论]  |  Contingency Theory[权变理论]  |  Change Management Iceberg[变革管理冰山]  |  Change Phases[变革阶段]  |  Force Field Analysis[力场分析法]  |  Theory of Planned Behavior[计划行为理论]  |  Leadership Continuum[领导连续体]  |  Cultural Intelligence[文化智能]

返回到分类主页： 变革与组织  |  沟通与技能  |  决策与评估  |  人力资源管理

更多管理方法、模型和理论