什么是文化类型? 释义
哈佛教授泰伦斯·狄尔(Terrence Deal)与麦肯锡咨询公司咨讯顾问艾伦·肯尼迪(Allen Kennedy)是最早一批致力于企业文化(Corporate Culture)研究的学者。 1982年,在他们的书作《企业文化:企业生活中的礼仪与仪式》(Corporate Culture: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life)中,狄尔与肯尼迪认为, 组织文化简而言之就是组织的行事方式(The way things get done around here)。
在这本书中,他们还提出了企业文化的六个关联要素: 历史、价值观与信仰、礼仪与仪式,故事、英雄以及由企业内外不同群体所组成的文化网络。 他们通过以下两个因素来区分企业的文化类型:
- 反馈速度(Feedback Speed): 企业活动获取反馈与回报的速度。
- 风险程度(Degree of Risk): 企业活动的风险程度和不确定度。
根据这两个因素,企业文化即可划分出以下四个类型:
- 硬汉型文化(Tough-Guy Macho Culture)(反馈与回报的速度快,风险大):
- 因为高风险和回报的不确定性而产生压力。
- 着眼当下,个人主义压倒团队精神。
- 典型: 广告业、经济人行业、体育圈。
- 苦干型文化(Work-Hard, Play-Hard Culture)(反馈与回报的速度快,风险低):
- 压力源自工作量,而非工作任务的不确定性。
- 重视速度,超人工作。
- 典型: 销售业、餐饮业、软件行业。
- 办差型文化(Process Culture)(反馈与回报的速度慢,风险低):
- 压力一般较低,但组织内部政策以及官僚制度也有可能造成压力。
- 关注细节与流程表现。
- 典型: 政府机关、银行业、保险业、公共机构。
- 赌注型文化(Bet-Your-Company Culture)(反馈与回报的速度慢,风险高):
- 压力源自高风险以及反馈与回报的滞后。
- 目光长远,重视准备与规划。
- 典型: 制药业、飞机制造业、石油勘探业。
参考书: Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - Corporate Cultures:
The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life (1982) [中译本《企业文化:企业生活中的礼仪与仪式》,中国人民大学出版社,2008] -

参考书: Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - The New Corporate Cultures (2000)
[中译本《创造竞争优势:7大经营挑战与5大成功法宝》,台北先觉出版股份有限公司,2001] -

企业文化 小组。

小组 (17名成员)
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企业文化论坛。
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Culture Types Useful Model
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Culture of Accountability
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有关企业文化的各种信息来源。在这里,您将找到Powerpoint,视频,新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。
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比较: Levels of Culture[文化层次] | Changing Organization Cultures[组织文化变革法] | Cultural Dimensions[文化尺度] | Groupthink[团体迷思] | Core Group Theory[核心组理论] | Contingency Theory[权变理论] | Change Management Iceberg[变革管理冰山] | Change Phases[变革阶段] | Force Field Analysis[力场分析法] | Theory of Planned Behavior[计划行为理论] | Leadership Continuum[领导连续体] | Cultural Intelligence[文化智能]
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