所有关于Culture Types[文化类型] (Deal肯尼迪)

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什么是文化类型？释义

哈佛教授泰伦斯·狄尔（Terrence Deal）与麦肯锡咨询公司咨讯顾问艾伦·肯尼迪（Allen Kennedy）是最早一批致力于企业文化（Corporate Culture）研究的学者。 1982年，在他们的书作《企业文化：企业生活中的礼仪与仪式》（Corporate Culture: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life）中，狄尔与肯尼迪认为，组织文化简而言之就是组织的行事方式（The way things get done around here）。

在这本书中，他们还提出了企业文化的六个关联要素：历史、价值观与信仰、礼仪与仪式，故事、英雄以及由企业内外不同群体所组成的文化网络。他们通过以下两个因素来区分企业的文化类型：

反馈速度（Feedback Speed）：企业活动获取反馈与回报的速度。
风险程度（Degree of Risk）：企业活动的风险程度和不确定度。

根据这两个因素，企业文化即可划分出以下四个类型：

硬汉型文化（Tough-Guy Macho Culture）（反馈与回报的速度快，风险大）：
- 因为高风险和回报的不确定性而产生压力。
- 着眼当下，个人主义压倒团队精神。
- 典型：广告业、经济人行业、体育圈。
苦干型文化（Work-Hard, Play-Hard Culture）（反馈与回报的速度快，风险低）：
- 压力源自工作量，而非工作任务的不确定性。
- 重视速度，超人工作。
- 典型：销售业、餐饮业、软件行业。
办差型文化（Process Culture）（反馈与回报的速度慢，风险低）：
- 压力一般较低，但组织内部政策以及官僚制度也有可能造成压力。
- 关注细节与流程表现。
- 典型：政府机关、银行业、保险业、公共机构。
赌注型文化（Bet-Your-Company Culture）（反馈与回报的速度慢，风险高）：
- 压力源自高风险以及反馈与回报的滞后。
- 目光长远，重视准备与规划。
- 典型：制药业、飞机制造业、石油勘探业。

参考书： Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life (1982) [中译本《企业文化：企业生活中的礼仪与仪式》，中国人民大学出版社，2008] -

参考书： Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - The New Corporate Cultures (2000) [中译本《创造竞争优势：7大经营挑战与5大成功法宝》，台北先觉出版股份有限公司，2001] -

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Culture Types[文化类型] （狄尔&肯尼迪）

摘要，论坛，最佳做法，专家提示和资源。

什么是文化类型？ 释义

什么是文化类型？释义