Förväntansteori
(Vroom)

Kunskapscenter

Vad är Förväntansteori/Expectancy Theory? Beskrivning

Förväntansteori av Victor Vroom handlar om motivation och styrning. Vroomsteorin antar att beteende är ett resultatet utifrån medvetna val bland de alternativ som finns. Syftet med valen är att maximera nöje och minimera smärta. Tillsammans med Edward Lawler och Lyman Porter, så föreslog Vroom att förhållandet mellan personens beteende på arbetet och deras målsättningar inte var så enkelt, som först föreställts av andra forskare. Vroom insåg att en anställds prestation baseras på individuella faktorer liksom personlighet, kunskaper, vetskap, erfarenhet och förmågor.

Förväntansteori talar om att individer har olika sorters mål och kan motiveras om de har bestämda förväntningar som kan uppnås.

Förväntansteorins förväntningar

• Det finns en positiv korrelation mellan ansträngningar och prestation,
• Förväntad prestation kommer att resultera i en önskvärd belöning,
• Belöning kommer att tillfredsställa ett viktigt behov,
• Lusten att tillfredsställa behovet är starkt nog till att göra ansträngningen meningsfull.

Vroom Förväntansteori baseras på följande tre övertygelser.

Förväntansteori övertygelser

1. Bindning (Valens). Refererar till de emotionella riktningar som personer intar med hänsyn till resultat [belöningar]. Djupet av önskan hos en anställd till yttre- [pengar, befordran, fritid, fördelar], eller inre [tillfredsställelse] belöningar. Ledningen måste upptäcka vad de anställda uppskattar mest.

2. Förväntan. Anställda har olika förväntningar och nivåer av förtroende för vad de är kapabla till att göra. Ledningen måste upptäcka vilka resurser, utbildning eller tillsyn de anställda behöver.

3. Medverkan. Uppfattningen hos de anställda, huruvida de kommer att få det som de faktiskt önskar sig, även om det har utlovats av en chef. Ledningen måste se till att löften och belöningar fullgörs och att de anställda är medvetna om det.

Vroom föreslår att en anställds tilltro omkring Förväntan, Medverkan och Valens samspelar psykologiskt. På detta sätt skapar de en motivationsstyrka som är sådan att en anställd kommer att agera på det sätt som kommer att skapa glädje och att undvika smärta. Denna styrka kan ”beräknas” via en formel:

Förväntansteoriformeln

Motivation = Bindning x Förväntan (Medverkan).

Denna formeln kan användas till att indikera och kunna förutsäga saker som: jobbtillfredsställelse, val av sysselsättning, sannolikheten till att bli kvar i ett jobb och den ansträngning som någon kommer att satsa på sitt arbete.

Forum Nytt Ämne Forum om Förväntansteori. Is your Job Meaningful? Finding a purpose in your job is important for millennials and in fact for everybody. Nevertheless, many people have a (...) 17   17 reaktioner Motivating an Employee by Expectancy According to Vroom, Expectancy is the 'momentary belief concerning the likelihood that a particular act will be followed (...) 12   1 reaktioner Effort Leads to Performance This is true in most cases, the more you put in the more you get out but there are times when this is not the case. If (...) 12   0 reaktioner Theory of Needs by Maslow versus Vroom's Expectancy Theory Unlike the Theory of Needs by Maslow, Vroom's Expectancy Theory (ET) does NOT a priori assumes there are certain needs p (...) 11   2 reaktioner Misunderstandings About Motivation Motivation is found to be hard by many people but I would like to put across that: 1. Motivation can be done even witho (...) 8   0 reaktioner Human Motivation Lies Within A human can never be motivated. You can just push a bit and show a way. A person always needs to be self-motivated to pe (...) 7   4 reaktioner Creative Chaos is Conducive to Motivation When one considers motivation in business organizational terms and politics, the first thing that comes to mind is monet (...) 7   0 reaktioner Expectancy versus Needs? There are many different ways to reach goals, but I believe that the NEEDS have more weight than the EXPECTANCY. So what (...) 5   2 reaktioner Motivation Should be a Two-way Process I think the motivation process between the manager and the employees is exchangeable, i.e. bosses should motivate their (...) 4   0 reaktioner Satisfaction from Achieving Goals Satisfaction will usually stem from achievement of goals. Naturally, any employee who believes that his needs have been (...) 3   0 reaktioner Measuring Motivation:The PIAV Assessment When it comes to looking at the individual there is no substitute (personal bias here) for the Personal Interests, Attit (...) 3   0 reaktioner Marrying Employee and Employer Goals and Expectations This is the one theory that seeks to marry employee value proposition (goals and expectations) to the employer's (effect (...) 3   0 reaktioner Motivation for Success In my opinion, success comes from loving what you do. Is your current work your passion? When you study highly successfu (...) 2   2 reaktioner Problems with Expectancy Theory. Disadvantages A problem with Expectancy Theory is that it breaks down if employee does not believe in the motivation or reward. Then o (...) 2   0 reaktioner What Precisely is Valence? Definition of Valence Hi, for me it's hard to understand "valence"? It's not in my English dictionary. Can you give me some help? (...) 2   2 reaktioner Motivating Workers: McGregor´s Example I believe that success in motivating employees is well explained in McGregor´s example in which, to the question: "What (...) 2   2 reaktioner Applications of the Expectancy Theory This is a very good summary of Expectancy Theory, but I 'd like to know the applications of it in budgeting and planning (...) 1   1 reaktioner Can Perpetual Demotivation Be Reversed? Demotivation is like the decomposition process, once it has started, the tale-tale signs remains in spite of whatever vi (...) 1   0 reaktioner Motivating Disengaged Employees What is the organization theory for handling "disengaged employees"? Can anyone advise? (...) 0   0 reaktioner Social and Organisational Psychology I have difficulty in finding theories to help me on -(Social influence and group dynamic process and worker behaviour) (...) -1   2 reaktioner Significance of Expectancy Theory Do you think the expectancy theory changed the way people were managed? Why? (...) -2   0 reaktioner Small Motivation Tips I would be more interested in easy small things to get people motivated. Any ideas such as participating in some special (...) -2   1 reaktioner How to Align Vroom's Theory with Psychological Contract in Disengaged Employees? Has anyone/organisation successfully achieved meaningful employee motivation applying the Vroom formula in appraisal sys (...) -2   0 reaktioner

Best Practices Bli Medlem Topprankade ämnen om Förväntansteori. Här hittar du de mest värdefulla idéerna och praktiska förslagen. How Can You Motivate Knowledge Workers? In the current 'knowledge era', the question what motivates knowledge workers, and, being a manager, how you should mot (...) 62   37 reaktioner What Motivates Employees? The Answer Depends (Partly) on their Generation The age of retirement has been moved to 60, 65, 70 years and beyond. Where each generation used to pass the baton; there (...) 50   50 reaktioner Working hard for a raise? A consequence that should not be overlooked of the formula M = V * E * I is that even if only one of the 3 elements is z (...) 44   3 reaktioner Motivation in Non-Profit Organizations I'm having difficulties finding a theory to help me research motivation, and the importance of it, in a non-profit organ (...) 20   5 reaktioner What is the distinguishing ratio? My problem with this theory is that there is no distinguishing ratio as to the level of performance that leads to a part (...) 19   0 reaktioner Controlling the Minds of Employees I think there can be several way to achieve goals, however what's more important is to have control over the mind of the (...) 17   6 reaktioner Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright) Lambright (2010) addresses an important weakness of the expectancy theory: it makes no distinction between certainty and (...) 15   0 reaktioner Motivating an Employee by Valence According to Vroom, Valence refers to a preference for one outcome over another. It can be positive, neutral or negative (...) 14   3 reaktioner Motivation is Owned by the Individual Motivation is a slippery slope. I believe Wlodkowski who says: one cannot directly motivate another since motivation is (...) 6   5 reaktioner

Experttips Bli Medlem Avancerad insikt om Expectancy Theory (Engelsk). Här hittar du professionella råd från experter. 4 Steps to Motivate your Employees... Using Expectancy Theory in your Department / Group As a manager, you can motivate your employees applying Expectancy Theory. Take these 4 steps: 1. Find out what each ind (...) It's All About Perceptions! Implementing Expectancy Theory Note that what matters in expectancy theory are the perceptions of the person who is to be motivated, not the rea (...) Expectancy can be Unexpected! On Experts and Surprises Be careful with assuming what the expectancy of a person (employee) is going to be: Zakary Tormala did research on how (...) Relationships in Expectancy Theory Understanding / Teaching Expectancy Theory The Expectancy theory focuses on three relationships: 1. Effort<>Performance relationship. The probability perceived b (...) The Effort -> Performance Relationship Coaching, mentoring As mentioned in the summary, one of the expectations of Vroom’s theory is the positive relationship between effort and p (...) Reasons Why People are Doing Voluntary Work Expectancy Theory, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholder Perspective, Volunteers Voluntary work has long been seen as an activity performed mainly by unemployed individuals –mostly women, both in their (...) Family-Work Conflicts (FWC) and Daily Job Performance Family-work conflicts, Coaching, Mentoring, Job Performance FAMILY ROLES and WORK are two factors influencing each other: - Work can interfere with family roles; this is called a W (...) Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Non-profit Organizations Paid and unpaid workers in hybrid organizations Although financial considerations are an important reason to work for a (...)

Informationskällor Bli Medlem Olika informationskällor om Förväntansteori. Här hittar du powerpoints, videor, nyheter etc. som du kan använda i dina egna föreläsningar och workshops.

Jämför Förväntansteori på motivation med:   Behovshierarki av Maslow  |  Betjänanande Ledarskap  |  Behovsteorin (McClelland)  |  Hawthorne Effekten  |  Konkurrerande Värden Ramverk Quinn  |  Attributionsteori  |  Inramning, Framing (Tversky)  |  Tvåfaktorsteorin Hertzberg   |  Teori X Teori Y  |  Ledningsmatris  |  ERG Teori Alderfer  |  Ledarskapets Övergångsmodell Tannenbaum och Schmidt  |  Målvägsteori (Path-Goal Theori) House  |  Ledarskapsstilar, Ledarstilar  |  Situationsanpassat Ledarskap  |  Afrikanskt Ledarskapsmodell av Banhegyi   |  Coaching, Coachande, Coachning, Rådgivare  |  Mentoring (Mentorskap)

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