Förväntansteori
(Vroom)

Kunskapscenter

Vad är Förväntansteori/Expectancy Theory? Beskrivning

Förväntansteori av Victor Vroom handlar om motivation och styrning. Vroomsteorin antar att beteende är ett resultatet utifrån medvetna val bland de alternativ som finns. Syftet med valen är att maximera nöje och minimera smärta. Tillsammans med Edward Lawler och Lyman Porter, så föreslog Vroom att förhållandet mellan personens beteende på arbetet och deras målsättningar inte var så enkelt, som först föreställts av andra forskare. Vroom insåg att en anställds prestation baseras på individuella faktorer liksom personlighet, kunskaper, vetskap, erfarenhet och förmågor.

Förväntansteori talar om att individer har olika sorters mål och kan motiveras om de har bestämda förväntningar som kan uppnås.

Förväntansteorins förväntningar

• Det finns en positiv korrelation mellan ansträngningar och prestation,
• Förväntad prestation kommer att resultera i en önskvärd belöning,
• Belöning kommer att tillfredsställa ett viktigt behov,
• Lusten att tillfredsställa behovet är starkt nog till att göra ansträngningen meningsfull.

Vroom Förväntansteori baseras på följande tre övertygelser.

Förväntansteori övertygelser

1. Bindning (Valens). Refererar till de emotionella riktningar som personer intar med hänsyn till resultat [belöningar]. Djupet av önskan hos en anställd till yttre- [pengar, befordran, fritid, fördelar], eller inre [tillfredsställelse] belöningar. Ledningen måste upptäcka vad de anställda uppskattar mest.

2. Förväntan. Anställda har olika förväntningar och nivåer av förtroende för vad de är kapabla till att göra. Ledningen måste upptäcka vilka resurser, utbildning eller tillsyn de anställda behöver.

3. Medverkan. Uppfattningen hos de anställda, huruvida de kommer att få det som de faktiskt önskar sig, även om det har utlovats av en chef. Ledningen måste se till att löften och belöningar fullgörs och att de anställda är medvetna om det.

Vroom föreslår att en anställds tilltro omkring Förväntan, Medverkan och Valens samspelar psykologiskt. På detta sätt skapar de en motivationsstyrka som är sådan att en anställd kommer att agera på det sätt som kommer att skapa glädje och att undvika smärta. Denna styrka kan ”beräknas” via en formel:

Förväntansteoriformeln

Motivation = Bindning x Förväntan (Medverkan).

Denna formeln kan användas till att indikera och kunna förutsäga saker som: jobbtillfredsställelse, val av sysselsättning, sannolikheten till att bli kvar i ett jobb och den ansträngning som någon kommer att satsa på sitt arbete.

Forum Forumdiskussioner om Förväntansteori. Nedan kan du ställa en fråga om det här ämnet, dela dina erfarenheter, rapportera en ny utveckling eller förklara något. Starta ett nytt ämne om Förväntansteori Dela din kunskap här (eller ställ en fråga)   How to Deal with Demotivated Employees: Learned Helplessness It is easy to understand the principle of "Learned Helplessness" (LH) by imagining an elephant trainer who trains a baby elephant. The training commences by initially tying a baby elephant's leg to a ... 18   14 kommentarer What Precisely is Expectancy? Definition According to Vroom, Expectancy is the 'momentary belief concerning the likelihood that a particular act will be followed by a particular outcome'. It can range from zero (belief that the outcome ... 15   2 kommentarer Expectancy Theory versus Human Needs? There are many different ways to reach goals, but I believe that the NEEDS have more weight than the EXPECTANCY. So what about Maslow thinking of human behavior?... 13   6 kommentarer Effort Leads to Performance, But Only to a Certain Extent This is true in most cases, the more you put in the more you get out. But there are times when this is not the case. If you put in all of your effort you do perform better, but it is hard to see ... 12   Misunderstandings About Motivation Motivation is found to be hard by many people. I would like to put across a number of misconceptions around motivation: People are primarily motivated financially. Motivation can be done even ... 9   1 kommentarer What Precisely is Valence? Definition of Valence Hi, for me it's hard to understand "valence"? It's not in my English dictionary. Can you give me some help?... 8   2 kommentarer Human Motivation Lies Within A human can never be motivated. You can just push a bit and show a way. A person always needs to be self-motivated to perform best and be successful. We as a company in HR spend a lot of ef... 8   4 kommentarer Motivation Should be a Two-way Process I think the motivation process between the manager and the employees is exchangeable, i.e., bosses can and should motivate their subordinates in various ways, but at the same time the subordinates can... 6   1 kommentarer Problems with Expectancy Theory. Disadvantages Two major issues with Expectancy Theory is that it breaks down if employees do not believe in their capability or in the reward. Other leadership, motivation skills and theories are needed first ... 6   2 kommentarer Measuring Motivation:The PIAV Assessment When it comes to looking at the individual there is no substitute (personal bias here) for the Personal Interests, Attitudes and Values (PIAV) assessment. It is a validated tool (based on the wor... 6   Identify your Passion for Success In my opinion, success comes from loving what you do. Is your current work your passion? When you study highly successful people, you understand that they have at least one thing in common, they ... 5   2 kommentarer The Importance of the Goals in Motivating Workers I believe that success in motivating employees is well explained in McGregor's example in which, to the question: "What are you doing?", three stone masons working on a construction site answer differ... 5   1 kommentarer

Best Practices De bästa, högst rankade ämnena om Förväntansteori. Här hittar du de mest värdefulla idéerna och praktiska förslagen. How Can You Motivate Knowledge Workers? In the current 'knowledge era', the question what motivates knowledge workers, and, being a manager, how you should motivate and manage them is important. In their article "The Progress of Small... 62   37 kommentarer What Motivates Employees? The Answer Depends (Partly) on their Generation The age of retirement has been moved to 60, 65, 70 years and beyond. Where each generation used to pass the baton; there is no baton being passed anymore. We can now find multiple generations (up... 50   50 kommentarer All 3 Elements in Expectancy Theory are Mandatory Will your employee work hard for a raise? Of course management science is not mathematics. But a consequence that should not be overlooked of Vroom's formula M = V * E * I is that even if only on... 44   3 kommentarer Why People Want to Become Leaders? Motivations to Lead Leadership roles in an organization are obviously pivotal to the successful and smooth functioning of the organization in terms of both tactical (day-to-day) issues and strategic (long-term) perspecti... 26   20 kommentarer Motivation in Non-Profit Organizations I'm having difficulties finding a theory to help me research motivation, and the importance of it, in a non-profit organization. Could someone please give me some advice for the best possible theory? ... 21   6 kommentarer Is your Job Meaningful? Finding a purpose in your job is important for millennials and in fact for everybody. Nevertheless, many people have a job that they don't regard as meaningful. Therefore, they are not completely... 17   17 kommentarer Controlling the Minds of Employees I think there can be several way to achieve goals, however what's more important is to have control over the mind of the team members. And that's up to the managers how they carry their team.... 17   6 kommentarer Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright) Lambright (2010) addresses an important weakness of the expectancy theory: it makes no distinction between certainty and uncertainty conditions. Indeed, the expectancy theory does not take into accoun... 15   Motivating an Employee by Valence According to Vroom, Valence refers to a preference for one outcome over another. It can be positive, neutral or negative. For example, if an employee strongly desires a promotion, and believes that a... 14   3 kommentarer Motivation is Owned by the Individual Motivation is a slippery slope. I believe Wlodkowski who says: one cannot directly motivate another since motivation is owned by the individual; it comes from within us. It's the same as telling one t... 6   5 kommentarer

Experttips Avancerad insikt om Expectancy Theory (Engelsk). Här hittar du professionella råd från experter. 4 Steps to Motivate your Employees... Using Expectancy Theory in your Department / Group As a manager, you can motivate your employees applying Expectancy Theory. Take these 4 steps: 1. Find out what each ind... It's All About Perceptions! Implementing Expectancy Theory Note that what matters in expectancy theory are the perceptions of the person who is to be motivated, not the rea... Expectancy can be Unexpected! On Experts and Surprises Be careful with assuming what the expectancy of a person (employee) is going to be: Zakary Tormala did research on how ... Relationships in Expectancy Theory Understanding / Teaching Expectancy Theory The Expectancy theory focuses on three relationships: 1. Effort<>Performance relationship. The probability perceived b... The Effort -> Performance Relationship Coaching, mentoring As mentioned in the summary, one of the expectations of Vroom’s theory is the positive relationship between effort and p... Reasons Why People are Doing Voluntary Work Expectancy Theory, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholder Perspective, Volunteers Voluntary work has long been seen as an activity performed mainly by unemployed individuals –mostly women, both in their... Family-Work Conflicts (FWC) and Daily Job Performance Family-work conflicts, Coaching, Mentoring, Job Performance FAMILY ROLES and WORK are two factors influencing each other: - Work can interfere with family roles; this is called a W... Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Non-profit Organizations Paid and unpaid workers in hybrid organizations Although financial considerations are an important reason to work for a...

Informationskällor Olika informationskällor om Förväntansteori. Här hittar du powerpoints, videor, nyheter etc. som du kan använda i dina egna föreläsningar och workshops. Human Motivation Employee Motivation Comprehesive presentation on Human / Employee Motivation. Topics: 1. What is motivation? 2. How do needs motivate peo... Overview of Content and Process Motivation Theories Motivation, Needs, Incentives, Goal Setting, Behavior Overview presentation of the major content motivation theories (Hierarchy of Needs; Acquired Needs theory; Two-Factor Th... External and Internal Motivation Motivation Presentation about motivation, from a psychological perspective. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. P... Reasons and Secrets of Employee Retention Employee Retention, Attrition This presentation is about Employee Retention and includes the following sections: 1. Introduction 2. Reasons for Empl... Intrinsic Motivation versus Extrensic Motivation Initial Understanding of Motivator Types and Consequences How can I do a better job of motivating a team? Dan Pink and Dan Ariely make a distinction between extrinsic motivators... Attitude, Motivation and Persuasion Persuasion Theory, Managing Behavior This presentation by S.J. Grant is about attitudes, motivation and how affects persuasion. The following sections are in... Voluntary Activities of Employees | Employee Volunteerism Employee Motivation, Employee Volunteerism, Employee Commitment, Shared Value, CSR, Corporate Reputation Presentation about employee volunteerism, including the following sections: 1. What is employee volunteerism 2. Employ... Work-Family Conflicts and Work-Life Policies Performance Management, Work-Life Balance, HR, Programs This presentation is about Work-Family Conflicts and Employee Performance. The presentation includes the following secti... Introduction and Summary of the Expectancy Theory of Motivation Initial Understanding of the Expectancy Theory, Trainings, Workshops Inspiring explanation of Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory using examples from the world of basketball and the meaning. E... Forecasting motivation Calculating motivation Some interesting formulas to calculate both negative and positive motivation.... Expectancy Theory Diagram Employee Motivation Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ... Performance Measurement, Expectancy and Agency Theory Performance Measurement Theoretical analyses of (optimal) performance measures are typically performed within the realm of the linear agency mod...

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Jämför Förväntansteori på motivation med:   Behovshierarki av Maslow  |  Betjänanande Ledarskap  |  Behovsteorin (McClelland)  |  Hawthorne Effekten  |  Konkurrerande Värden Ramverk Quinn  |  Attributionsteori  |  Inramning, Framing (Tversky)  |  Tvåfaktorsteorin Hertzberg   |  Teori X Teori Y  |  Ledningsmatris  |  ERG Teori Alderfer  |  Ledarskapets Övergångsmodell Tannenbaum och Schmidt  |  Målvägsteori (Path-Goal Theori) House  |  Ledarskapsstilar, Ledarstilar  |  Situationsanpassat Ledarskap  |  Afrikanskt Ledarskapsmodell av Banhegyi   |  Coaching, Coachande, Coachning, Rådgivare  |  Mentoring (Mentorskap)

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