Che cosa è la Teoria della Aspettativa? Descrizione
La Teoria della Aspettativa di Victor Vroom tratta la motivazione e la gestione. La teoria del Vroom suppone che il comportamento è un risultato di scelte coscienti fra le alternative. Lo scopo delle scelte è di massimizzare il piacere e minimizzare il dolore. Insieme ad Edward Lawler ed a Lyman Porter, Vroom ha suggerito che il rapporto fra il comportamento della gente a lavoro ed i loro obiettivi non era così semplice come avevano immaginato altri scienziati. Vroom si è reso conto che la performance di un impiegato dipende da fattori individuali quali personalità, competenze, conoscenza, esperienza ed abilità.
La teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza dice che gli individui hanno tipi differenti di obiettivi e possono essere motivati se hanno determinate aspettative.
Attese di Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza
- C'è una correlazione positiva fra gli sforzi e le performance,
- Una performance favorevole provocherà una ricompensa desiderabile,
- La ricompensa soddisfarà un bisogno importante,
- Il desiderio di soddisfare il bisogno è abbastanza forte da rendere lo sforzo utile.
La Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza di Vroom è basata sulle seguenti tre credenze.
Credenze della Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza
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Valenza. Si riferisce agli orientamenti irrazionali che le persone hanno riguardo ai risultati [ricompense]. La profondità del desiderio di un impiegato per le ricompense estrinseche [soldi, promozioni, tempo libero, benefit] o intrinseche [soddisfazione]. La gestione deve scoprire cosa apprezzano di più gli impiegati.
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Aspettativa. Gli impiegati hanno differenti aspettative e livelli di confidenza su quello che sono capaci di fare. La gestione deve scoprire di che risorse, formazione, o controllo gli impiegati hanno bisogno.
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Strumentalità. La percezione degli impiegati di ricevere realmente quello che vogliono, anche se è stato promesso da un manager. La gestione deve assicurare che le promesse di ricompense vengano compiute e che gli impiegati sono consapevoli di ciò.
Vroom sostiene che le credenze di un impiegato sulla Aspettativa, Strumentalità e Valenza interagiscono psicologicamente. In questo modo creano una forza motivazionale, tale che l'impiegato agirà in modo che porta il piacere ed evita il dolore. Questa forza può “essere calcolata„ attraverso una formula:
Formula della Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza
Motivazione= Valenza x Aspettativa(Strumentalità).
Questa formula può essere usata per indicare e predire: soddisfazione professionale, scelta occupazionale, la probabilità di rimanere in un lavoro e lo sforzo che ognuno decide di dedicare al lavoro.
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 Organizzazione Aziendale
Relativamente alla Teoria della Aspettativa, avrei bisogno di risolvere un problema:
Si calcoli la forza motivazionale di un attore che abbia un'aspettativa di ottenere dal suo impegno una prestazione elevata 7 volte su dieci e una prestazione bas...
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Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright)
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Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza Special Interest Group
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Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza Corsi & Eventi
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In their article "The Progress of Small Wins" in HBR May 2011, Professor Theresa M...
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4 Steps to Motivate your Employees...
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Usage (application): Implementing Expectancy Theory
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Notizie
Aspettativa Teoria
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Notizie
Motivazione Impiegato
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Video
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Presentazioni
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Paragonare a Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza sulla motivazione con: Gerarchia dei Bisogni | Servant-Leadership | Teoria dei Bisogni | Effetto Hawthorne | Struttura dei Valori Competenti | Teoria dell'Attribuzione | Framing | Teoria dei Due Fattori Herzberg | Teoria X Teoria Y | Griglia Manageriale | ERG Theory | Leadership Continuum | Teoria Percorso-Obiettivo | Stili di Leadership | Leadership Situazionale | CONSIGLIERI EPICI | Coaching | Mentoring
Ritornare alla Disciplina di Gestione: Cambiamento & Organizzazione | Risorse Umane | Leadership
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Special Interest Group Leader
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