Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza
(Vroom)

Centro di Conoscenza

Che cosa è la Teoria della Aspettativa? Descrizione

La Teoria della Aspettativa di Victor Vroom tratta la motivazione e la gestione. La teoria del Vroom suppone che il comportamento è un risultato di scelte coscienti fra le alternative. Lo scopo delle scelte è di massimizzare il piacere e minimizzare il dolore. Insieme ad Edward Lawler ed a Lyman Porter, Vroom ha suggerito che il rapporto fra il comportamento della gente a lavoro ed i loro obiettivi non era così semplice come avevano immaginato altri scienziati. Vroom si è reso conto che la performance di un impiegato dipende da fattori individuali quali personalità, competenze, conoscenza, esperienza ed abilità.

La teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza dice che gli individui hanno tipi differenti di obiettivi e possono essere motivati se hanno determinate aspettative.

Attese di Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza

• C'è una correlazione positiva fra gli sforzi e le performance,
• Una performance favorevole provocherà una ricompensa desiderabile,
• La ricompensa soddisfarà un bisogno importante,
• Il desiderio di soddisfare il bisogno è abbastanza forte da rendere lo sforzo utile.

La Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza di Vroom è basata sulle seguenti tre credenze.

Credenze della Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza

1. Valenza. Si riferisce agli orientamenti irrazionali che le persone hanno riguardo ai risultati [ricompense]. La profondità del desiderio di un impiegato per le ricompense estrinseche [soldi, promozioni, tempo libero, benefit] o intrinseche [soddisfazione]. La gestione deve scoprire cosa apprezzano di più gli impiegati.

2. Aspettativa. Gli impiegati hanno differenti aspettative e livelli di confidenza su quello che sono capaci di fare. La gestione deve scoprire di che risorse, formazione, o controllo gli impiegati hanno bisogno.

3. Strumentalità. La percezione degli impiegati di ricevere realmente quello che vogliono, anche se è stato promesso da un manager. La gestione deve assicurare che le promesse di ricompense vengano compiute e che gli impiegati sono consapevoli di ciò.

Vroom sostiene che le credenze di un impiegato sulla Aspettativa, Strumentalità e Valenza interagiscono psicologicamente. In questo modo creano una forza motivazionale, tale che l'impiegato agirà in modo che porta il piacere ed evita il dolore. Questa forza può “essere calcolata„  attraverso una formula:

Formula della Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza

Motivazione= Valenza x Aspettativa(Strumentalità).

Questa formula può essere usata per indicare e predire: soddisfazione professionale, scelta occupazionale, la probabilità di rimanere in un lavoro e lo sforzo che ognuno decide di dedicare al lavoro.

Forum Nuovo Argomento Forum sul Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza. Teoria dei Bisogni di Maslow contro la Teoria dell'Aspettativa di Vroom Diversa dalla Teoria dei Bisogni di Maslow, la Teoria dell'Aspettativa di Vroom NON presuppone a priori che ci sono dete (...) 4   1 commenti 🔥 NUOVO Organizzazione Aziendale Relativamente alla Teoria della Aspettativa, avrei bisogno di risolvere un problema: Si calcoli la forza motivazional (...) 1   1 commenti Why People Want to Become Leaders? Motivation to Lead Leadership roles in an organization are obviously pivotal to the successful and smooth functioning of the organization i (...) 19   20 commenti Effort Leads to Performance This is true in most cases, the more you put in the more you get out but there are times when this is not the case. (...) 13   Motivating an Employee by Expectancy According to Vroom, Expectancy is the 'momentary belief concerning the likelihood that a particular act will be followed (...) 12   1 commenti Misunderstandings About Motivation Motivation is found to be hard by many people. I would like to put across a number of misconceptions around motivation:< (...) 9   1 commenti Human Motivation Lies Within A human can never be motivated. You can just push a bit and show a way. A person always needs to be self-motivated to pe (...) 8   4 commenti Creative Chaos is Conducive to Motivation When one considers motivation in business organizational terms and politics, the first thing that comes to mind is monet (...) 7   Measuring Motivation:The PIAV Assessment When it comes to looking at the individual there is no substitute (personal bias here) for the Personal Interests, Attit (...) 6   Expectancy versus Needs? There are many different ways to reach goals, but I believe that the NEEDS have more weight than the EXPECTANCY. So what (...) 5   2 commenti Motivation Should be a Two-way Process I think the motivation process between the manager and the employees is exchangeable, i.e. bosses should motivate their (...) 4   Marrying Employee and Employer Goals and Expectations This is the one theory that seeks to marry employee value proposition (goals and expectations) to the employer's (effect (...) 3   What Precisely is Valence? Definition of Valence Hi, for me it's hard to understand "valence"? It's not in my English dictionary. Can you give me some help? (...) 2   2 commenti Problems with Expectancy Theory. Disadvantages A problem with Expectancy Theory is that it breaks down if employee does not believe in the motivation or reward. Then o (...) 2   Motivating Workers: McGregor´s Example I believe that success in motivating employees is well explained in McGregor´s example in which, to the question: "What (...) 2   1 commenti Motivation for Success In my opinion, success comes from loving what you do. Is your current work your passion? When you study highly successfu (...) 2   2 commenti Can Perpetual Demotivation Be Reversed? Demotivation is like the decomposition process, once it has started, the tale-tale signs remains in spite of whatever vi (...) 1   How to Align Vroom's Theory with Psychological Contract in Disengaged Employees? Has anyone/organisation successfully achieved meaningful employee motivation applying the Vroom formula in appraisal sys (...) -3   Inizia un nuovo argomento del forum sul Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza. Maggiori informazioni. Condividi la tua opinione, conoscenza ed esperienza o fai una domanda (Registrati gratuitamente prima)

Migliori Pratiche Registrati Gli argomenti più votati su Teoria dell'Aspettativa-Valenza. Qui troverai le idee più preziose e suggerimenti pratici. How Can You Motivate Knowledge Workers? In the current 'knowledge era', the question what motivates knowledge workers, and, being a manager, how you should mot (...) 62   37 commenti What Motivates Employees? The Answer Depends (Partly) on their Generation The age of retirement has been moved to 60, 65, 70 years and beyond. Where each generation used to pass the baton; there (...) 50   50 commenti Working hard for a raise? A consequence that should not be overlooked of the formula M = V * E * I is that even if only one of the 3 elements is z (...) 44   3 commenti Motivation in Non-Profit Organizations I'm having difficulties finding a theory to help me research motivation, and the importance of it, in a non-profit organ (...) 20   5 commenti What is the distinguishing ratio? My problem with this theory is that there is no distinguishing ratio as to the level of performance that leads to a part (...) 19   Controlling the Minds of Employees I think there can be several way to achieve goals, however what's more important is to have control over the mind of the (...) 17   6 commenti Is your Job Meaningful? Finding a purpose in your job is important for millennials and in fact for everybody. Nevertheless, many people hav (...) 17   17 commenti Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright) Lambright (2010) addresses an important weakness of the expectancy theory: it makes no distinction between certainty and (...) 15   Motivating an Employee by Valence According to Vroom, Valence refers to a preference for one outcome over another. It can be positive, neutral or negative (...) 14   3 commenti Theory of Needs by Maslow versus Vroom's Expectancy Theory Unlike the Theory of Needs by Maslow, Vroom's Expectancy Theory (ET) does NOT a priori assumes there are certain needs p (...) 11   2 commenti Motivation is Owned by the Individual Motivation is a slippery slope. I believe Wlodkowski who says: one cannot directly motivate another since motivation is (...) 6   5 commenti

Consigli degli Esperti Registrati Approfondimenti avanzati sul Expectancy Theory (Inglese). Qui troverai consigli professionali di esperti. 4 Steps to Motivate your Employees... Using ET in your Department / Group As a manager, you can motivate your employees applying ET. Take these 4 steps: 1. Find out what each ind (...) It's All About Perceptions! Implementing ET Note that what matters in ET are the perceptions of the person who is to be motivated, not the rea (...) Expectancy can be Unexpected! On Experts and Surprises Be careful with assuming what the expectancy of a person (employee) is going to be: Zakary Tormala did research on how (...) Relationships in ET Understanding / Teaching ET The Expectancy theory focuses on three relationships: 1. Effort<>Performance relationship. The probability perceived b (...) The Effort -> Performance Relationship Coaching, mentoring As mentioned in the summary, one of the expectations of Vroom’s theory is the positive relationship between effort and p (...) Reasons Why People are Doing Voluntary Work ET, Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholder Perspective, Volunteers Voluntary work has long been seen as an activity performed mainly by unemployed individuals –mostly women, both in their (...) Family-Work Conflicts (FWC) and Daily Job Performance Family-work conflicts, Coaching, Mentoring, Job Performance FAMILY ROLES and WORK are two factors influencing each other: - Work can interfere with family roles; this is called a W (...) Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Non-profit Organizations Paid and unpaid workers in hybrid organizations Although financial considerations are an important reason to work for a (...)

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