Teoría de las Expectativas
(Vroom)

Centro de Conocimiento

¿cuál es la Teoría de las Espectativas? Explicación

La Teoría de las Espectativas del Víctor Vroom se ocupa de la motivación y de la gestión. La teoría de Vroom asume que el comportamiento es un resultado de opciones conscientes entre alternativas. El propósito de las opciones es maximizar placer y disminuir dolor. Junto con Edward Lawler y Lyman Porter, Vroom sugirió que la relación entre el comportamiento de la gente en el trabajo y sus metas es tan simple como habían imagino inicialmente científicos. Vroom se dió cuenta que el desempeño de un empleado está basado en factores individuales tales como la personalidad, habilidades, conocimiento, experiencia y capacidades.

La teoría de las expectativas dice que los individuos tienen diversos grupos de metas y pueden ser motivados si tienen ciertas expectativas.

Expectativas de la Teoría de las Espectativas

• Hay una correlación positiva entre los esfuerzos y el desempeño,
• El desempeño favorable dará lugar a una recompensa deseable,
• La recompensa satisfacerá una necesidad importante,
• El deseo de satisfacer la necesidad es bastante fuerte como para hacer el esfuerzo de mérito.

El Teoría de las Expectativas de Vroom se basa sobre la creencia siguiente tres.

Creencias de la Teoría del Espectativas

1. Valencia. efiere a las orientaciones emocionales que la gente lleva tiene con respecto a los resultados [recompensas]. La profundidad del deseo de un empleado por las recompensas extrínsecas [dinero, promoción, tiempo libre, ventajas] o intrínsecas [de satisfacción]. La Administración debe descubrir lo que aprecian los empleados.

2. Expectativa. Los empleados tienen diversas expectativas y niveles de confianza sobre lo que son capaces de hacer. La Administración debe descubrir qué recursos, entrenamiento, o supervisión necesitan los empleados.

3. Instrumentalidad. La percepción de los empleados de que realmente van a recibir lo prometido por la gerencia. La gestión debe asegurarse de que las promesas de recompensas estén satisfechas y de que los empleados estén enterados de esto.

Vroom sugiere que la creencia de un empleado sobre expectativa, Instrumentalidad, y la valencia interactiva psicologicamente. De esta manera, crean una fuerza de motivación tal, que el empleado actuará de una manera que traiga placer y evite el dolor. Esta fuerza se puede “calcular” vía una fórmula:

Fórmula del Teoría de las Expectativas

Expectativa de la motivación = valencia x (Instrumentalidad).

Esta fórmula se puede utilizar para indicar y para predecir cosas como: satisfacción profesional, opción ocupacional, la probabilidad de permanecer en un trabajo, y el esfuerzo que uno puede invertir en el trabajo.

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Mejores Prácticas Regístrate Los temas mejor valorados sobre Teoria de las Espectativas. Aquí encontrará las ideas más valiosas y sugerencias prácticas. Los Factores que implican Los Deseos de los Trabajadores Es interesante conocer los factores que implican un mayor rendimiento en el trabajador, sería conveniente crear departam (...) 41   1 comentarios How Can You Motivate Knowledge Workers? In the current 'knowledge era', the question what motivates knowledge workers, and, being a manager, how you should mot (...) 62   37 comentarios What Motivates Employees? The Answer Depends (Partly) on their Generation The age of retirement has been moved to 60, 65, 70 years and beyond. Where each generation used to pass the baton; there (...) 50   50 comentarios Working hard for a raise? A consequence that should not be overlooked of the formula M = V * E * I is that even if only one of the 3 elements is z (...) 44   3 comentarios Motivation in Non-Profit Organizations I'm having difficulties finding a theory to help me research motivation, and the importance of it, in a non-profit organ (...) 20   5 comentarios What is the distinguishing ratio? My problem with this theory is that there is no distinguishing ratio as to the level of performance that leads to a part (...) 19   Is your Job Meaningful? Finding a purpose in your job is important for millennials and in fact for everybody. Nevertheless, many people hav (...) 17   17 comentarios Controlling the Minds of Employees I think there can be several way to achieve goals, however what's more important is to have control over the mind of the (...) 17   6 comentarios Extended Version of the Expectancy Theory (Lambright) Lambright (2010) addresses an important weakness of the expectancy theory: it makes no distinction between certainty and (...) 15   Motivating an Employee by Valence According to Vroom, Valence refers to a preference for one outcome over another. It can be positive, neutral or negative (...) 14   3 comentarios Theory of Needs by Maslow versus Vroom's Expectancy Theory Unlike the Theory of Needs by Maslow, Vroom's Expectancy Theory (ET) does NOT a priori assumes there are certain needs p (...) 11   2 comentarios Motivation is Owned by the Individual Motivation is a slippery slope. I believe Wlodkowski who says: one cannot directly motivate another since motivation is (...) 6   5 comentarios

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