Value Stream Mapping[VSM，价值流程图]

知识中心

什么是价值流程图？ 释义

价值流程图（Value Stream Mapping，VSM）是丰田精实制造（Learn Manufacturing）生产系统框架下的一种用来描述物流和信息流的形象化工具。 它运用精实制造的工具和技术来帮助企业理解和精简生产流程。 价值流程图的目的是为了辨识和减少生产过程中的浪费。 浪费在这里被定义为不能够为终端产品提供增值的任何活动， 并经常用于说明生产过程中所减少的“浪费”总量。 VSM可以作为管理人员、工程师、生产制造人员、流程规划人员、供应商以及顾客发现浪费、寻找浪费根源的起点。 从这点来说，VSM还是一项沟通工具。但是，VSM往往被用作战略工具、 变革管理工具。

VSM通过形象化地描述生产过程中的物流和信息流，来达到上述工具目的。 从原材料购进的那一刻起，VSM就开始工作了， 它贯穿于生产制造的所有流程、步骤， 直到终端产品离开仓储。

对生产制造过程中的周期时间、当机时间、在制品库存、原材料流动、信息流动等情况进行描摹和记录，有助于形象化当前流程的活动状态，并有利于对生产流程进行指导，朝向理想化方向发展。

VSM通常包括对“当前状态”和“未来状态”两个状态的描摹， 从而作为精实制造战略的基础。
 

价值流程图的历史

1980年代，丰田公司的首席工程师Taiichi Ohno与sensei Shigeo Shingo率先运用去处生产浪费的方法来获取竞争优势，他们的主要出发点是提高生产效率，而非提高产品质量。 之所以这么做，是因为他们认为生产效率的提高将有助于精实制造，从而能够暴露出系统中的深层的浪费问题和质量问题。 因此，对浪费问题发起的系统性攻击也就是对质量问题的深层原因展开攻击， 对根本性的管理问题展开攻击。 丰田生产系统中认定的七种常见浪费（括号中内容为Jones的表述）：

1. 生产过剩（快于必要的速度）；

2. 等待；

3. 运输（搬运）；

4. 不当流程；

5. 不必要的库存（超出的库存）；

6. 不必要的行动；

7. 次品（改正错误）。

Peter Hines和Nick Rich则对如何具体运用价值流程图，给出了以下一些具体建议： （《价值流程图的七种工具》，《国际运营与生产管理期刊》17卷1册，1997， 46-64.)。

价值流程图的七种工具

1. 流程活动图（Process Activity Mapping）。 起源： 工业工程。

2. 供应链反应矩阵（Supply Chain Response Matrix）。 起源： 时间加速与后勤学。

3. 生产多样性漏斗（Production Variety Funnel）。 起源： 运营管理。

4. 质量过滤图（Quality Filter Mapping）。

5. 需求扩大图（Demand Amplification Mapping）。 起源： 系统动力学。

6. 决策点分析（Decision Point Analysis）。 起源： 有效消费者反应/物流学。

7. 物理结构图（Physical Structure Mapping）。

论坛 价值流程图论坛。 开始一个新的论坛主题 分享您的知识或提出问题   Value Stream Mapping Plan Example I need to compare a VSM plan example. Please share a case if you can.... 9   1条评论 Value Stream Mapping Software In what way will a software program help with value stream mapping? What are the criteria of selecting the most suitable software program. Please provide help in getting answers to these problem.... 4   5条评论 Value Stream Mapping within Logistics Operations I am currently in the process of mapping the supply chain within our facility. Having read both Value Stream Mapping (Tapping, Luyster & Shuker) and Learning to See (Rother & Shock) I should be focusi... 4   2条评论 Defining Value Stream Mapping Areas I am in process of implementing "value stream mapping" as a tool to serve industries. I am facing constraints in the implementation. After documenting the process under review and charting the pr... 3   1条评论 4 Value Stream Mapping Phases The 4 Phases in VSM are: 1. Current State Map of material flow and activities 2. Future State Map 3. Action Plan 4. Implementation... 3   Value Stream Mapping Quotes Challenge everything, assume nothing and continuously improve. Copyright Colin Holmes. This way, nothing is overlooked.... 3   Value Stream Management in IT Services Hi, I'm currently looking in to the "cost and benefits" of implementing value stream management in a global IT function. We have gone through a period of cost cutting and have further needs to re... 2   1条评论 Changes in Behavior in Value Stream Mapping Note that the realization of the action plan in VSM typically requires changes in activities and processes, but may also require changes in behavior.... 2   1条评论 Mappping Outsourced Activities in Value Stream Mapping Hi everybody, I would need an advice concerning the mapping of an outsourced activity in the production of one company where I'm working on my thesis. I haven't found any information about how to map ... 1   1条评论 Value Stream Mapping in Cement Plants Since 2 years I have had some experience of carrying out VSM in Cement Plants. The Methodology for the VSM is defined by me, based on the type of Industry. The variable cost of cement manufacturi... 0   Value Stream for Design Engineering and PMI Hi everyone, I use a value stream process for design engineering that also works in conjunction with PMI's project management principles. For those who aren't familiar with these principles, they... 0

最佳实践 关于价值流程图的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。 Value Stream Mapping in a job shop I am currently working in a company where I have been told to implement VSM. But the problem is that its manufacturing activities are like a job shop and there is no repeatability. Is VSM possible in ... 15   6条评论

专家提示 关于Value Stream Mapping（英语）的高级见解。在这里，您将找到专家的专业建议。 The Idea Behind Lean Value Stream Mapping Teaching VSM Basically VSM is done to map the set of operations, required for a product to launch from order to delivery to the marke... 5 Lean Manufacturing Principles Maximizing Value Creation and Decrease Waste In order to maximize value creation and to decrease waste, the Lean Enterprise Institute has identified five principles ...

信息来源 有关价值流程图的各种信息来源。在这里，您将找到Powerpoint，视频，新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。 The Role of Value Chain Functions, Quality Management and Innovation in Competitive Advantage Value Chain Management, Quality Management, Innovation, Operational Excellence This presentation firstly presents the role of functional strategies and the value chain in the achievement of competiti... Introduction to (Sustainable) Value Chain Analysis Initial Understanding Value Chain Analysis Value Chain Analysis involves analyzing three things to identify improvement areas / projects: 1. Material Flow - The f... Value Stream Mapping Diagram Lean Manufacturing Download and edit the 12manage PowerPoint model for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in int...

研究链接 自动跳入有关以下内容的其他有用资源价值流程图。 新闻 视频 简报 书比人好 学术的 更多

比较：  Kaizen[改善]  |  Quality Function Deployment[质量功能展开]  |  Kraljic Model[卡拉杰克模型]  |  Value Engineering[价值工程]  |  Business Process Reengineering[业务流程重组]  |  Organizational Learning[组织学习]  |  Business Process Simulation[商业流程仿真]  |  Strategy Dynamics[战略动力学]  |  Value Chain[价值链]  |  Just-in-time[即时生产]  |  Deming Cycle[戴明循环]  |  Six Sigma[六西格玛]  |  Outsourcing[外包]  |  RFID Technology[无线射频识别技术]

返回到分类主页： 变革与组织  |  沟通与技能  |  营销和销售   |  战略与创新  |  供应链与质量管理

更多管理方法、模型和理论