Erwägungen zur Veränderung von Organisationskulturen

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„Weil es zur Folge hat etwas vorzustellen, das neu und im wesentlichen unterschiedlich ist zu dem, was in vorhandenen Kulturen vorherscht, ist kulturelle Innovation (...) schwieriger als kulturelle Instandhaltung. Wenn Innovation auftritt, ersetzen oder verdrängen einige Sachen andere… Leute wehren sich häufig gegen solche Änderungen. Sie haben triftige Gründe dafür. Das erfolgreiche Management der Prozesse der Kulturänderung oder der Kulturkreation hat häufig zur Folge, Leute davon zu überzeugen, dass wahrscheinlich Gewinne die Verluste überwiegen“.

In ihrem ausgezeichneten Buch „The Cultures of Work Organizations“, stellen Harrison Trice und Janice Beyer eine Anzahl von Ideen zur Verfügung, an die Sie sich erinnern und die Sie betrachten sollten, wenn Sie die Kultur einer Organisation ändern:

Acht Erwägungen, die man im Gedächtnis haben sollte, wenn Organisationskulturen geändert werden

1. Nutzen Sie günstige Momente aus. Zum Beispiel schlechte finanzielle Performance. Stellen Sie sicher, dass Leute das Bedürfnis für Änderung wirklich wahrnehmen.

2. Kombinieren Sie Vorsicht mit Optimismus. Schaffen Sie einen optimistischen Ausblick in Bezug auf, was die Änderungsbemühung bringen wird.

3. Verstehen Sie Widerstand zur Kulturänderung. Sowohl auf dem individuellen Niveau [Furcht vor dem Unbekannten, Eigeninteresse, gezielte Aufmerksamkeit und Zurückhaltung, Gewohnheit, Abhängigkeit, Bedürfnis nach Sicherheit] als auch auf organisatorischem und Gruppenniveau [Gefahren für Macht und Einfluss, Mangel an Vertrauen, unterschiedliche Vorstellungen und Ziele, sozialer Bruch, Ressourcenbeschränkungen, fixe Investitionen, interorganisatorische Vereinbarungen].

4. Ändern Sie viele Elemente, aber behalten Sie etwas Kontinuität bei. Identifizieren Sie z.B. die Grundregeln, die konstant verbleiben.

5. Erkennen Sie die Wichtigkeit der Implementierung. Anfängliche Akzeptanz und Begeisterung reichen nicht aus, um Änderung fortzusetzen:

   • Annahme
   • Implementierung
   • Institutionalisierung.

6. Wählen Sie, ändern Sie und schaffen Sie passende kulturelle Formen. Einsetzen von Symbolen, Ritualen, Sprachen, Geschichten, Mythen, Metaphern, Riten, Zeremonien.

7. Ändern Sie Sozialisierungstaktiken. Die grundlegende Art und Weise in der die Leute die Unternehmenskultur erlernen, ist durch den Sozialisierungprozess am Anfang ihrer Beschäftigung. Wenn diese Sozialisierungprozesse geändert werden, wird die Kultur einer Organisation sich deshalb anfangen zu ändern.

8. Finden Sie und kultivieren Sie innovative Führung. Es ist unwahrscheinlich das Mitglieder irgendeine sichere Stabilität, die sie aus einer existierenden Kultur ableiten, aufgeben und einem Leiter in neue Richtungen folgen werden, es sei denn, dass der Leiter Selbstvertrauen ausstrahlt, starke Überzeugungen und eine dominante Persönlichkeit hat und die neue Vision mit Drama und Eloquenz predigen kann.

Buch: Harrison Trice and Janice Beyer - The Cultures of Work Organizations

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