Six Sigma es una metodología de la gerencia de calidad que provee a las empresas de herramientas para mejorar la capacidad de sus procesos de negocio. Este aumento en el desempeño y la disminución de la variación de los procesos conducen a la reducción de defectos y a la mejora de los beneficios, de la moral del empleado y de la calidad del producto. Es una medición de la calidad y un programa de mejoramiento que fue iniciado por Mikel Harry y Motorola. Se centra en el control de un proceso para llevarlo desde su linea de partida hasta el punto Six Sigma (desviaciones del estándar) es decir, a un nivel de 3.4 defectos por millón de productos producidos. Incluye la identificación de los factores que son críticos para la calidad según lo determinado por el cliente. Reduce la variación del proceso y aumenta las capacidades de mejomiento, de estabilidad y de diseño de sistemas para apoyar la meta del six sigma.
El modelo Six Sigma es un acercamiento altamente disciplinado que puede ayudar a las compañías a centrarse en desarrollar y entregar productos y servicios casi perfectos. Se basa en el trabajo estadístico de José Juran, nacido en Rumanía, pionero en los E.E.U.U. de la gerencia de calidad. La palabra “sigma” es un signo griego usado como un término estadístico que indica, hasta que punto las medidas de un proceso en particular, se desvían de la perfección (desviación de estándares). Mientras mas alto sea el número sigma, usted estará más cerca a la perfección. Un sigma 1 no es muy bueno; sigma 6 se define como 3.4 defectos por millón. La idea central detrás Six Sigma es que si usted puede medir cuántos “le deserta” tenga en un proceso, usted puede calcular sistemáticamente hacia fuera cómo usted puede eliminarlos. Así usted puede casi venir “poner a cero defectos”.
El origen japonés del Six Sigma se puede observar por el sistema de “cinturones” que utiliza. Si usted es nuevo en el Six Sigma estará en un entrenamiento básico, por tanto, usted consigue un cinturón verde. Cualquier persona que tiene la responsabilidad de conducir un equipo Six Sigma usa un cinturón negro. Finalmente hay un grupo especial de élite llamado Maestros de cinturón negro que supervisan a los cinturones negro.
Cinco pasos hacia el Six Sigma. Proceso
Típicamente, Six Sigma es un proceso que tiene las cinco etapas siguientes:
Definición. El primer paso en un proyecto Six Sigma es clarificar el problema y definir su alcance de una manera tal que se puedan alcanzar las metas cuantificables dentro de algunos pocos meses. Entonces se convoca un equipo para examinar el proceso detalladamente, para sugerir mejorías, y para poner esas recomendaciones en ejecución. En el mundo de la fabricación, los encargados de proyecto y sus patrocinadores típicamente comienzan definiendo qué es un defecto y después establecen un sistema de objetivos diseñados para reducir la ocurrencia de tales defectos.
Medición. En el segundo paso de un proyecto Six Sigma, el equipo recopila datos y los prepara para un análisis de alto nivel.
Análisis. Una vez que se ha mapeado y documentado un proceso, y se ha verificado la calidad de los datos de apoyo, el equipo Six Sigma puede comenzar el análisis. Los miembros del equipo comienzan identificando las maneras en las cuales la gente falla en actuar como se es requerido, o identificando los motivos por los cuales la gente no puede asegurar el control eficaz de cada etapa.
Mejoramiento. Recomienda, decide y pone en ejecución las mejorías.
Control. En la etapa final de un proyecto Six Sigma, el equipo crea controles. Éstos permitirán a la compañía sostener y ampliar las mejoras.
Grupo de Interés Especial
Grupo de Interés Especial de Metodología Six Sigma .
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Los Beneficios del Metodo Six Sigma
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Six Sigma in an R&D context
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Six Sigma DMAIC and DMADV
Two Six Sigma sub-methodologies are called:
DMAIC - Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control, and
DMADV - Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, Verify.
They are both systematic, structured and fac...
The 5 x Why Method (The 5 Whys)
DESCRIPTION OF THE 5 WHY METHOD
The "5 x why" method has been developed by Toyota to perform an iterative Root Cause Analysis of production-related problems. The "5 x why" method is one of the availa...
Focus of Six Sigma: The 6 Rights
Six Sigma management can focus on following 6 Right (Rights):
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- Right People (training)
- Right Tools
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Statistical Process Control (SPC)
According to many, Six Sigma is based on Statistical Process Control (SPC), a method of visually monitoring production processes. In Six Sigma, each business process must be measured and for this ofte...
Six Sigma for Marketing
Six Sigma for Marketing (SSFM) is the newest Six Sigma variant.
SSFM links interdependencies of strategic marketing, tactical & operational processes. It proactively drives growth (e.g., new offering...
Add Standardization to DMAIC Phases in Six Sigma (DMAICS)
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Six Sigma in Medical Transcription
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Differences Between Six Sigma and TQM
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Disadvantages of Lean Six Sigma. Drawbacks
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Six Sigma Manufacturing Example
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Quality Lessons in Dealing with Contractors
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Best Practices Lean Six Sigma in Social Care
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6 Sigma Timeframe/Period
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Six Sigma Black Belt Certification
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7 Key Principles of Six Sigma
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The 7 key principles of Six Sigma
The seven key principles of Six Sigma are:
A...
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Organizational Development + Six Sigma or Lean
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Good Practitioner Books on Lean - Six Sigma, S&OP?
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Should Six Sigma start after Lean Implementation?
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Lean 6 Sigma in Laboratories
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3 Additional Six Sigma Levels
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Evaluating Six Sigma Projects
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Preparing Six Sigma: Requirements
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1. Develop a ...
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Process Improvement of Six Sigma Projects Although six sigma programs typically start of well, they all too often fail to have a lasting impact as participants gr...
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Testing Measurement Systems, Improving Measurement Systems, Assessing Measurement Systems WHAT IS MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS ANALYSIS (MSA)?
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Controlling the Process Elements of a Control Chart
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Fuentes de Información
Varias fuentes de información sobre Metodología Six Sigma. Aquí encontrará powerpoints, videos, noticias, etc. para usar en sus propias conferencias y talleres.
Lean / Six Sigma Assessment Spreadsheet calculates current and future Lean and Six Sigma scores based on scoring in 28 criteria. Generates Lean Over...
Process Management, process Improvement, Business Process Reengineering, BPR, Six Sigma Presentation about process management, particularly process modeling simulation and design. The presentation focuses on ...
Six Sigma and Sustainability Presentation by Prof. Rick Edgeman explains DMAIC, DFSS, the role of 6 Sigma in biophysical sustainability, environmenta...
Quality Management, Project Quality Planning, Project Quality Assurance, Project Quality Control Presentation about Project Quality Management. A large part of the presentation is about Six Sigma as a quality manageme...
Six Sigma, Toyoda, Toyota, Lean Production, Root Cause Analysis To solve a problem effectively, you need to drill down through the symptoms to the underlying cause. Sakichi Toyoda, one...
Lean Production, Parts Management, Value Stream Mapping, Continuous-flow Manufacturing Business Managers are making progress in realising flow as more they learn about VSM (Value Stream Mapping) and continuo...
Performance Improvement Lean Six Sigma While both Six Sigma and Lean focus on waste reduction as a key aim (recognizing waste comes in many forms), this is the...
Applying Control Charts, Types of Control Charts Control charts have two general uses in an improvement project. The most common application is as a tool to monitor proc...
Calculating Yield of a Process Rolled Throughput Yield allows us to expose the "hidden factory" by providing visibility into the yield of each process ...
Calculating Sample Size, Determining Sample Size The first question faced by a statistical consultant, and frequently the last, is: “How many subjects (animals, units) d...
Designing Experiments, Designing Statistical Experiments Quality managers who understand how to apply statistical tools for Design of Experiments (DOE) are better able to suppor...
Determining the Six Sigma Level For many years industries have used Cp, Cpk, Pp and Ppk as statistical measures of process quality capability. Some segm...
Enlaces de Investigación
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