对于Peter Sengen来说,“变革即组织,学习即变革”。 在他看来,组织通过不断学习来实现变革是完全可能的,因为,在每个人的内心深处共享这样的认识,“我们都是学习者”。 通过《第五项修炼》一书,Senge旨在摧毁那种四分五裂、毫无联系的世界认识观。 他认为,只要放弃这样一种错误认识,我们就能够建立“学习型组织”,一种组织成员持续扩张潜能以追逐梦想、实现愿景的组织,一种培育百花齐放的创新性思考的组织,一种自由释放集体热望、持续集体学习的组织。 管理人员必须要有能力发现学习型组织的7项障碍,并通过“五项修炼”对它们加以修复。
Senge的五项修炼
Senge学习型组织模型的五个组成要素:
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系统思考(Systems Thinking)。 作为第五项修炼,这又是一项综合修炼,是对其他四项修炼从理论到实践的融会贯通。
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自我精进(Personal Mastery)。 人们必须要用艺术家鉴赏自己作品的眼光来看待与认识自我。
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心智模式(Mental Models)。 心智模式与深层心智影像不仅决定我们如何认识周围世界,并影响我们如何采取行动。
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共同愿景(Building Shared Vision)。 如果组织有一个清晰明确的共同愿景,组织成员会为了实现这一愿景,自觉表现卓越,不断学习进步,主动奉献,而非被动遵循。
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团队学习(Team Learning)。 团队成员积极参与团队活动,通过真实对话来发现个人所难以获得的洞识, 在这一过程中,并将自己的假设一一悬挂出来,交于团队成员讨论。
上述五项修炼没有终点,必须贯穿于组织发展的始终。 最终,我们看到真正的学习型组织不是为了生存而学习(Survival Learning),而是创造性地学习(Generative Learning)—— 为了增加组织的创造力而学习。
参考书: Peter Senge - The Fifth Discipline [中译本《第五项修炼》,上海三联书店出版社,2002]
五项修炼 小组。

小组 (13名成员)
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比较: Organizational Learning[组织学习] | Organizational Memory[组织记忆] | System Dynamics[系统动力学] | Theory of Mechanistic and Organic Systems[机械/有机系统论] | Fourteen Points of Management[质量管理14要点] | Eight Attributes of Management Excellence[卓越管理的八个属性] | Ten Principles of Reinvention[企业型政府重塑10原则] | Theory X Theory Y[X理论-Y理论] Theory Z[Z理论] | Business Process Reengineering[业务流程重组]
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