Product/Market Grid[产品市场方格]
(Ansoff)

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总结

什么是产品/市场方格？释义

Ansoff的产品/市场方格（Product/Market Grid）已被证明是一项非常有用的管理模型，能够帮助企业在战略流程中准确发现成长机会。产品/市场方格有两个维度，即产品和市场。

在这两个维度间进行纵横组合，能够形成四种不同的成长战略（参见右图）。

产品市场方格模型下的四个成长战略

市场渗透（Market Penetration）。追求当前市场上更多的销售量。通过执行这一战略，努力将一般顾客培养成稳定顾客，将稳定顾客培养成忠诚顾客。市场渗透战略的执行手段有：数量折扣、礼金卡以及顾客关系管理。企业最终通过高效的生产和分销能力，借助市场强劲的购买力，以及分摊掉的间接成本，从而实现经济规模。
市场开发（Market Development）。提供现有产品开拓新市场。这一战略通常要求企业用现有产品去吸引竞争对手的顾客，向新市场介绍自己的产品，或在新市场推广新品牌。这里的新市场，既是指地理上的新市场，也是指功能上的新市场，例如尽管销售的商品未变，但其购买和使用目的发生了变化。当然，一些小的改动也许是需要的。这里需要强调的是，要注意文化差异。
产品延伸（Product Development）。在现有市场上推出新产品或新服务。采用这一战略，通常要求向现有顾客销售另一种产品，它们可能是原来产品的附件、增加物，或者是全新的产品。这一战略通常运用的执行手段是交叉销售（Cross Selling），并对现有的沟通、销售渠道加以利用。
多元化经营（Diversification）。在新市场上销售新产品。这是四种战略中最具风险的一种。决定采用多元化经营时，企业必须要与利益相关者进行充分沟通，要能够清楚地解释企业为什么要开发新产品，进入新市场。从另一个角度看，多元化战略也能够减小企业的经营风险。因为，作为一个大公司，通过分散经营于不同的市场，在一定程度上可以分散企业的风险。多元化经营的四种方式：
- 水平多元化（Horizontal Diversification）。这种情况下，公司新产品对现有顾客仍有吸引力，即便在技术工艺上新旧产品可能完全不相关。
- 垂直多元化（Vertical Diversification）。公司选择新的供应商，或服务新的顾客群。
- 同心多元化（Concentric Diversification）。这是指，新产品与现有产品在技术上或市场上具有协同优势，尽管新产品可能完全服务于一个新的顾客群体。
- 聚积多元化（Conglomerate Diversification）。这种情况下，新产品与现有产品在技术上是市场方面无协同效应可言，新产品需要新的顾客。聚积多元化有时候被一些大公司用来平衡循环业务组合与非循环业务组合。

Ansoff的产品/市场方格理论，尽管已经问世很多年，但它指导企业成长与战略发展方面的价值仍然是很明显的。产品/市场方格也往往被称作： Ansoff矩阵（Ansoff Matrix）、产品市场扩张方格（Product Market Expansion Grid）、成长矢量矩阵（Growth Vector Matrix）。 Derek F. Abell提出了 Three Dimensional Business Definition[三维商业定义]，较之Ansoff矩阵更为高明。

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产品/市场方格论坛。

🔥	新 Translation-Ansoff Product-Market Matrix For the same word, development, used in "Market Development" and "Product Development", you translated with two differe (...) 1 2条评论

Turbulence, Planning and Paralysis by Analysis
Igor Ansoff (1918-2002) was (one of) the first to recognize that the amount of strategic 'turbulence' (~pace of change) (...)

Horizontal Diversification versus Product Development. What's the Difference?
From the summary article on this site about the Ansoff Matrix.
Product Development. Sell new products or services i (...)

5条评论

Diversification in Africa: Why African Economies must Diversify
Many African economies have not diversified. Rather they are highly dependent on the production and export of one specif (...)

Strategies for Expanding a Business
A person started a business of extracting metals. Soon it became a popular business. In order to expand his business, he (...)

2条评论

开始一个新的论坛主题关于产品/市场方格。更多资讯。

最佳实践

关于产品/市场方格的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。

Ansoff Matrix Applications
The Products/Markets grid helps in differentiating between game changing & orbit changing moves of an organisation from (...)

2条评论

Diversification Types and Examples
A business and marketing strategy that has been overlooked by some small businesses is diversification. Due to the Coron (...)

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How to Decide in Which Sector to Diversify?
When a firm decides to diversify there could be several possible factors to take into account when making the choice for (...)

How to Prioritize Business Growth Opportunities (Ansoff): The ICE Prioritization Tool
The Ansoff Matrix can be a useful model to generate and communicate business growth opportunities. However, organization (...)

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What is the Optimal Level of Diversification for Firm Performance?
The relationship between diversification and financial performance has been a topic of research for many years but is ye (...)

专家提示

关于Product/Market Grid（英语）的高级见解。在这里，您将找到专家的专业建议。

	Typical Risks of a Diversification Strategy Marketing Strategy Typical risks of a Diversification strategy in the Ansoff Grid are: 1. Requires a company to acquire new skills, new te (...)
	A More Advanced Version of the Ansoff Matrix Product Development, Product Portfolio Management While his original Product Market Matrix had only two dimensions: 1. Product, and 2. Market), in 1987 Ansoff introdu (...)
	How to Find or Redefine Market Boundaries? Diversification In their book: Blue Ocean Strategy: How to Create Uncontested Market Space and Make the Competition Irrelevant, Kim and (...)
	Must-haves of a Portfolio Strategy Product Portfolio Management, Best Practices, Product Strategy Ansoff mentions 4 components of a portfolio strategy: 1. (Geographic) Growth Vector: a graphical representation of the (...)
	Diversification Pitfalls Things to Signal and Avoid when Diversifying Diversification of businesses has in many cases resulted in success. An example is General Electric, a very large compan (...)
	Pitfalls and Obstacles in Product Development Strategy Product Development, Product Portfolio Management Although product development can be an important growth strategy, it is necessary to keep in mind that several factors t (...)
	Be Careful with Diversification - Misconceptions and Generalizations Diversification WHY DIVERSIFY According to Reel and Luffman (1986) the reason behind diversification lies within the benefits connected (...)
	Challenging the Existing Strategic Logic Market Development, Diversification A tool by Kim and Mauborgne is the "Four Actions Framework". This Four Actions Framework can be used to challenge the ex (...)
	Typical Risks of a Market Development Strategy Marketing Strategy Typical risks in the Ansoff framework of a Market Development strategy are: 1. New markets may be different then expec (...)
	In Which Direction Should we Grow our Portfolio? Portfolio Strategy, Innovation Strategy According to Professor Aneel G. Karnani in 'Mastering Strategy', there's no standard way to gain market value for all bu (...)
	Typical Risks of a Market Penetration Strategy Marketing Strategy Typical risks of a Market Penetration strategy in the Ansoff Growth Strategies model are: 1. May lead to a price war w (...)
	Determining the Optimal Breadth of your Product Portfolio Product Portfolio Analysis Due to technology changes and a stiffing competition at all levels, historically companies needed to constantly check th (...)
	The SCAMPER Technique to Creatively Solve Problems and Create Innovative Ideas Creative Thinking, Lateral Thinking, Idea Generation, Innovation Ideas, Product Innovation, Product Development SCAMPER is a creative or lateral thinking technique that can be applied particularly for the development of new products (...)

信息来源

有关产品/市场方格的各种信息来源。在这里，您将找到Powerpoint，视频，新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。

	Ansoff Matrix Product Portfolio Good article on Ansoff Matrix by NGFL Wales Business Studies. (...)
	A Service-Oriented View on Marketing Service-Dominant Logic, Perspectives on Marketing Presentation about a service-dominant logic mindset in marketing, including the following sections: 1. Getting the logi (...)
	Diversification Strategy and Portfolio Management Diversification, Corporate Strategy, Portfolio Management, Corporate Center Presentation about diversification including many graphs and figures for clarification. The presentation includes the fo (...)
	Ansoff Matrix Explained with Apple Inc. as Example Growth Strategies The fundamentals of the Ansoff Product/Market Matrix, a tool used to analyse and plan business growth strategies. Examp (...)
	Concept Testing and Conjoint Analysis for New Products Concept Test, Concept Statement, Conjoint Analysis, Product Design, Product Innovation Presentation about concept testing and conjoint analysis, including the following sections: 1. Evaluating with Customer (...)
	Product/Market Grid Diagram Product Development Download and edit the 12manage PowerPoint model for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in int (...)