Bodem van de Piramide
(C.K. Prahalad)

Kenniscentrum

Wat is de Bodem van de Piramide? Beschrijving

De bodem van de (economische) piramide bestaat uit de 4 miljard mensen die van minder dan $2 per dag leven. Al meer dan 50 jaar doen de Wereldbank, donornaties, diverse hulporganisaties, nationale overheden, en onlangs ook maatschappelijke organisaties allemaal hun best, maar zij waren niet in staat de armoede uit te roeien.

Bewust van dit frustrerende feit, begint C.K. Prahalad met zijn boek: „The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid“ met een eenvoudig maar toch revolutionair voorstel: Als wij stoppen met te denken aan de armen als slachtoffers of als een last, en beginnen hen als veerkrachtige en creatieve ondernemers en waardebewuste consumenten te zien, zal een gehele nieuwe wereld van kansen zich openen.

Prahalad stelt voor dat vier miljard armen de motor van de volgende ronde van globale handel en welvaart kunnen zijn, en een bron van innovaties. Het bedienen van de klanten aan de Onderkant van de Piramide vereist dat grote firma's gezamenlijk met maatschappelijke organisaties en lokale regeringen werken. Voorts zal ontwikkeling van de markt van de Onderkant van de Piramide ook miljoenen nieuwe ondernemers creëren op een basisniveau .
 

Prahalad presenteert zijn nieuwe inzichten over het oplossen van het armoede probleem als een Co-Creatie oplossing van economische ontwikkeling en sociale transformatie (figuur), waarin de volgende partijen betrokken zijn:

• Privé ondernemingen
• Ontwikkelings- en hulporganisaties
• Bodem van de Piramide consumenten
• Bodem van de Piramide ondernemers
• Maatschappelijke organisaties en lokale regering

12 innovatieprincipes voor Bodem van de Piramide markten

Prahalad verstrekt de volgende bouwstenen voor het creëren van producten en diensten voor Bodem van de Piramide markten:

1. Een focus op (kwantumsprongen binnen) prijs/prestatie.
2. Hybride oplossingen, waarbij oude en nieuwe technologie wordt vermengd.
3. Schaalbare en transporteerbare operaties over landen, culturen en talen heen.
4. Verminderde middelenintensiteit: milieuvriendelijke producten.
5. Radicaal productherontwerp vanaf het begin: marginale veranderingen aan bestaande Westelijke producten zullen niet werken.
6. Bouw logistieke- en productie-infrastructuur.
7. Verminder de vaardigheden die noodzakelijk zijn voor ondersteuningswerk.
8. Leid (slechtopgeleide) klanten op in het gebruik van het product.
9. De producten moeten in onvriendelijke omgevingen werken: lawaai, stof, onhygiënische voorwaarden, misbruik, herhaaldelijke stroomuitval, waterverontreiniging.
10. Een aanpasbare gebruikersinterface voor heterogene consumentengroepen.
11. Er moeten distributiemethodes worden ontworpen om zowel zeer verspreide landelijke markten als zeer dicht bevolkte stedelijke markten te bereiken
12. Een focus op een brede architectuur, welke snelle en gemakkelijke integratie van nieuwe eigenschappen mogelijk maakt.

Oorsprong van de Bottom of the Pyramid. Geschiedenis

Vóór zijn boek van 2005, publiceerde Prahalad twee artikelen over dit raamwerk voor het verminderen van armoede:

• Januari 2002: The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid (Strategy+Business), met Stu Hart
• Sep 2002: Serve the World's Poor, Profitable (Harvard Business Review), met Allen Hammond

Gebruik van de Bodem van de Piramide. Toepassingen

• Dit framework geeft een impuls voor een actievere betrokkenheid van de particuliere sector bij het tot stand brengen van marketing ecosystemen voor het veranderen van de Bodem van de Piramide.
• Helpt bij het heroverwegen en veranderen van lang bestaande overtuigingen, veronderstellingen en ideologieën.
• Geeft aanwijzingen voor het ontwikkelen van producten en diensten voor Bodem van de Piramide consumenten.

Sterke punten van Bodem van de Piramide denken. Voordelen

De belangrijkste sterke punten van de Bodem van de Piramide benadering van Prahalad zijn, dat deze helpt bij het heroverwegen en veranderen van lang bestaande overtuigingen, veronderstellingen en ideologieën, welke allen gebaseerd zijn op slachtoffer-denken en last-denken:

• Er zit geld in de Bodem van de Piramide: het is een levensvatbare markt.
• Toegang tot Bodem van de Piramide markten is niet per sé moeilijk. Onconventionele aanpakken zoals de aanpak van Avon ladies kunnen werken.
• De armen zijn zeer merkbewust.
• De Bodem van de Piramide markt is electronisch 'connected' (mobiele telefoons, TV, Internet).
• Bodem van de Piramide consumenten zijn zeer open voor geavanceerde technologie.

Veronderstellingen van de Bottom of the Pyramid. Voorwaarden

1. De armen kunnen niet deelnemen aan de voordelen van globalisering zonder een actieve betrokkenheid van de particuliere sector en zonder toegang tot producten en diensten volgens internationale kwaliteitsnormen.
2. De Bodem van de Piramide markt biedt een nieuwe groeimogelijkheid voor de particuliere sector en een forum voor innovaties. Oude en bewezen oplossingen kunnen geen markten aan de Bodem van de Pyramide creëren.
3. Bodem van de Piramide markten moeten een integraal onderdeel van het werk en van de core business van de particuliere sector worden. Bodem van de Piramide markten kunnen niet slechts aan het koninkrijk van Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) worden overgelaten.

Boek: C.K. Prahalad - The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid: Eradicating Poverty through Profits

Forum Forum over de Bodem van de Piramide. Begin een nieuw onderwerp Deel uw kennis of stel een vraag   Increase the Whole Pyramid It is easy to imagine that if someone moves up to the top, another one will move in the opposite direction, that is down to the bottom. This happens when the pyramid does not grow in its volume. Since... 12   1 reacties Bottom of the Pyramid and Technology The assumption that only the developed world would appreciate and pay for new technology while previous technology are reserved for the poor, is a delusion. The poor equally appreciate new technology.... 11   1 reacties The BOO Model, BOOM Model and BOOT Model. Implementation in BOP Countries The financial models, such as BOO (Build Own Operate), Build Own Operate and Maintain (BOOM), BOOT (Build, Own, Operate, and Transfer), tailor-made for the mega-energy-products which were planned for ... 10   1 reacties Bottom of the Pyramid Concept by CK Prahalad is Profound A profound concept. Aiming at a win-win solution for all. As Mahatma Gandhi said something like this (I do not remember exact words) if you govern a state, think about whether your action brings ... 10   1 reacties Bottom of the Pyramid People and SMEs The development of SME strategies to mobilize the financial resources of the BOP will help get the BOP out of the $2 per day zone.... 10   2 reacties Packaging at the Bottom of the Pyramid Perhaps one can look at the BOP concept from the point of view that low income earners require to consume quality products as much as the individuals on the higher parts of the pyramid. Unfortunately ... 9   1 reacties Using House of Quality With Bottom of the Pyramid Framework The Bottom of the Pyramid framework can be perceived as an idea that will make the poorest people in our society more creative and innovative. Whichever approach or policy is adopted to make this a re... 8   Responsibility of International Corporations Large corporations such as Nestle and Exxon mobile have traditionally supplied raw materials with a low price from developing countries, but they have shown only little amount of co-operation with l... 3   1 reacties Enabling Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) Entrepreneurs Micro credit organizations such as KIVA are enabling access to credit. It's a good start. Education institutions (now often profit driven) need to make the access to trade education as well as other m... 3   2 reacties Problems with Bottom of Pyramid No matter how liberal and open we project ourselves... It's easy to say we should improve the capabilities and position of those at the bottom of pyramid. But when it comes to implementing it, it... 3   1 reacties Why Informal Economies can Become Larger than Illegal Economies Over the last decades, the concept "informal economy" has been conceptualized in many ways (see here for detailed info); scholars often refer to it as economic activities that take place outside a def... 3   Definition of Informal Economy People that belong to the bottom part of the economic pyramid are often unable to generate income from the so-called formal economy, and therefore they aim to sustain themselves via informal economic ... 3   Rural Marketing - Rural (Tourism) Marketing How is rural tourism marketing different? How can rural tourism be used as an effective tool to remove unemployment of rural people?... 3   5 reacties Effective Humanitairian Aid to BOP Countries: The Case of Haiti Haiti has once again been hit hard, this time by a devastating hurricane named Matthew. The country – which is one of the poorest in the world – needs help from abroad, as their own chronic ineffectiv... 2   Relations Between Informal & Formal Sector Despite the fact that the definition of the informal economy is debatable, a lot of scholars focus on how an informal sector can be formalised. In particular these scholars research to what extent th... 2   Improving the Lot of People at Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) Takes More I don't subscribe to the view that the lot of 4 billion people at the BOP can be changed by above measures and initiative alone. Unless their basic daily needs of food, shelter, literacy and health ca... 2   2 reacties Bottom of Pyramid and Network Marketing Hybrid Plan Being an entrepreneur and having very practical knowledge of sales and marketing and of challenges faced by the middle & lower middle class in our society (i.e. how to increase income or how to get ba... 2   4 reacties Best Practices in Extending Medical Facilities to the Poor Has anyone experienced a successful business case that extends medical facilities to the poor? In a country like India about 42% of the population is below BPL (below poverty line). All these people c... 1   2 reacties Community Marketing in Developing Countries Due to the lack of well-functioning distribution networks in developing countries, potential buyers in those countries are hard to reach. In such economies/countries, organizations need to use unconv... 1   Differences in Purchasing Decision Making and Consumer Behavior in BOP-markets It is often assumed that the behavioral trends and practices of consumers in BOP-markets are the same as in developed markets (only buyers have less money to spend). The general description of BOP-mar... 0   Ideas for Development Phase of Papua New Guinea How can Papua New Guinea (PNG) improve the living standard and efficient use of resources to improve infrastructure and increase development? What strategies can PNG use to improve lives in the r... 0   Bottom of Pyramid People? Which class of people come under BOP?... -1   1 reacties Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) and Communication If the bottom of the pyramid is not connected with communication tools and media, how can marketers position their product to the BOP consumers (keeping in mind crisis of resources for further investm... -1

Best Practices De best beoordeelde onderwerpen over de Bodem van de Piramide. Hier vindt u de meest waardevolle ideeën en praktische suggesties. Are the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) Brand Conscious Consumers? The people at the Bottom of the Pyramid are referred to as brand conscious and at the same time they are price sensitive. How should these two factors go together?... 48   6 reacties Fighthing Corruption in Developing Countries. The Role of Leaders I am looking for ideas to start a study on how to "eliminate" corruption in developing countries. Actually, most developing countries depend on rich countries and international organizations to run th... 25   94 reacties The Role of Government in Bottom of the Pyramid Thinking Africa is a place with extremities. There is abundance of arable land and sufficient amount of water sources for agriculture. On the other hand, the bulk of the population live in abject poverty hence... 19   5 reacties A Bottom of the Pyramid Solution Must Be High Tech, Low Cost and Mass Producible Many present solutions to the developing countries are based on high tech and high cost. The problems of BOP countries is they need solutions of high tech but of low cost so they're applicable to a ma... 11   3 reacties What is Jugaad? Meaning, Definitions and Examples What is the role of 'Jugaad' (Hindi term for innovative, improvising, lateral fixes and hacks using limited resources) within Bottom of the Pyramid thinking?... 10   4 reacties Developing and Exporting Ideas From BOP Countries I have redesigned traditional hand-pumps and park equipments to work together. The result is a water lifting device which is twice as efficient as manual water pumps and has minimal operational costs.... 7   3 reacties Lighting Up African Village Schools Nigerian population: 150 million - Electricity: < 16bln KwH South African population: 44 million - Electricity > 195bln KwH. In a month, millions of Nigerian students in high schools will be... 7   5 reacties

Expert Tips Geavanceerde inzichten over de Bottom of the Pyramid (Engels). Hier vindt u professionele adviezen van deskundigen. Organizing Large Corporations to Capture BOP Opportunities Organizational Development, Best Practices To capture the gigantic opportunities and to deal with the immense complexities of the many emerging markets, C.K. Praha... Bottom of the Pyramid Pitfalls Avoid these Problems when you're Building a BoP-Business According to Ashish Karamchandani, Mike Kubzansky, and Nishant Lalwani ("The Globe: Is the Bottom of the Pyramid Really ... Is your Firm Ready to Enter into BoP Markets? BOP Self-Questionnaire In a recent article titled "The Globe: Is the Bottom of the Pyramid Really for You?" by Ashish Karamchandani, Mike Kubza... Bottom of the Pyramid in Financial Services Microfinance Strategy A success story of a BOP approach in financial services is the case of India-based 250M$ SKS Microfinance. In HBR June 2... Organizational Infrastructure to Address the Bottom of the Pyramid OD, Organizational Development, Best Practices In order to address the opportunities at the “Bottom of the Pyramid”, companies have to build an organizational infrastr... Innovation Principles Behind Bottom of the Pyramid Strategies BOP Strategy Focus Points The 12 principles of market innovation for the BOP are: 1. Focus on value, on delivering performance for the price 2. ... Base of the Pyramid Strategic Innovation Strategic innovation in developing markets In their article “Strategic Innovation at the Base of the Pyramid” (MIT Sloan Management Review, Fall 2007), Jamie Ander... Bottom of the Pyramid Commercial infrastructure BOP Commercial Strategy 1. “Creating Buying Power”, through access to credit and rise in income level to help the world’s poor Tier 4 consumers ... Going Global: Adaptation of Marketing Mix Components Marketing Strategy, Global Marketing, International Marketing, Marketing Mix, 4Ps As we all know, companies that conduct business internationally are often adapting their products to the markets served.... Differences in Purchasing Decision Making and Consumer Behavior in BOP-markets Bottom of the Pyramid, Consumer Behavior, Consumer Marketing It is often assumed that the behavioral trends and practices of consumers in BOP-markets are the same as in developed ma... Marketing for the BOP market Segmentation The three steps to use for segmenting a BOP market are: 1. Create segments – Break down the largest group with an inter... Examples of Bottom of the Pyramid Strategies Strategy, Marketing, Innovation - Micro-credit: An example of the “Bottom of the Pyramid” is the growing micro-credit market in South Asia, especially i... How BOP Countries Can Disrupt Western Markets Disruptive Innovation, Bottom of the Pyramid, Country-level Strategy After the Second World War, Japan started to develop fast as a result of their disruptive innovation strategy. This disr... BOP Success Cases BOP Strategy 1. Small-scale distributed energy solutions using renewable alternative resources such as biofuels for generation of ele...

Informatiebronnen Diverse informatiebronnen betreffende de Bodem van de Piramide. Hier vindt u powerpoints, video's, nieuws etc. om te gebruiken in uw eigen lezingen en workshops. BOP is at Best a Harmless Illusion and Potentially a Dangerous Delusion BOP Critics Poor people – at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) - represent a very attractive market opportunity. The 'BOP proposition'... Reverse Innovation Understanding Reverse Innovation, Innovation Strategy, Emerging Markets, BOP Professor Vijay Govindarajan, a leading expert on innovation strategy explains the concept of Reverse Innovation. "Reve... Perspective: Biography Prahalad (1941-2010) Developing a Broader Perspective towards the Ideas of Prahalad A short biography on C.K. Prahalad's career and ideas.... Bottom of the Pyramid Diagram Alleviating World Poverty by Involving the Prviate Sector Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ... Risk Management in Agricultural Lending Agricultural Risk Management, Micro Finance, Bottom of the Pyramid, Agriculture Risk Management Presentation about Risk Management, especially focused on the Risks in Agricultural Lending. The presentation includes t... Interview with Prahalad about Assumptions in Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) Thinking Errors to Avoid in BOP Strategy Interview with business guru C.K. Prahalad on "The Unexplored Last Market". In this short video, Prahalad explains 3 wr...

Researchlinks Spring automatisch naar andere nuttige bronnen met betrekking tot de Bodem van de Piramide. Nieuws Video's Presentaties   Boeken Academisch Meer

Vergelijk met de Bodem van de Piramide:   Diamantmodel  |  Culturele Dimensies  |  Strategische Intentie  |  Co-Creatie  |  Herontwerpen van Bedrijfsprocessen

Keer terug naar Management Discipline: Ethiek & Verantwoordelijkheid  |  Marketing & Verkoop  |  Strategie & Innovatie

Meer Managementmethoden, managementmodellen en managementtheorie