Valor Actual Neto (VAN, NPV)

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¿qué es el Valor Actual Neto o Valor Presente Neto? Definición

El Valor Actual Neto (NPV) de una inversión (proyecto) es la diferencia entre la suma de los flujos de fondos descontados que se esperan conseguir de la inversión (proyecto), y la cantidad que se invierte inicialmente. Es un método tradicional de valuación (a menudo para un proyecto) usado en la metodología de la medición del Flujos de Fondos Descontados, en el cual se comprenden los siguientes pasos:

Pasos en el cálculo del Valor Actual Neto

1. Cálculo de flujos de fondos libres esperados (a menudo por año) como resultado de la inversión
2. Reste/descuente el Costo de Capital (una tasa de interés para descontar el tiempo y el riesgo de la inversión)

A este resultado intermedio se le llama: Valor actual.

3. Reste las inversiones iniciales

Al resultado final se le llama: Valor Actual Neto o Valor presente neto.

Por lo tanto el NPV es una cantidad que expresa cuánto valor se logrará de efectuar una inversión en un proyecto específico. Esto se hace ajustando o descontando todos los flujos de fondos de un cierto plazo hasta el momento cero o inicial de la inversión.

Si el método del NPV resulta en una cantidad positiva, el proyecto debe ser emprendido.

Limitaciones del Valor Actual Neto

• Aunque la medición del NPV es ampliamente utilizada para tomar decisiones de inversión, una desventaja del NPV es que no toma en cuenta la flexibilidad/incertidumbre después de la decisión sobre el proyecto. Para más información vea Real Options.
• El NPV tampoco analiza los beneficios intangibles. Esta incapacidad disminuye su utilidad para los temas y proyectos estratégicos. Vea IC Rating para más información.

Libro: S. David Young, Stephen F.O'Byrne - EVA and Value-Based Management: A Practical Guide.

Libro: Aswath Damodaran - Investment Valuation: Tools and Techniques for Determining the.

Libro: James R. Hitchner - Financial Valuation: Applications and Models

Foro Discusiones en el Foro sobre Valor Actual Neto. A continuación puede hacer una pregunta sobre este tema, compartir sus experiencias, informar un nuevo desarrollo o explicar algo. Iniciar un tema nuevo sobre Valor Actual Neto Comparta sus conocimientos aquí (o haga una pregunta)   NPV of $1 Million for a Project Means What If a NPV of one project is $1 million, what does it mean to an investor?... 11   2 comentarios WHEN to Invest? Investing at the Right Moment... I have done a NPV calculation for an investment option. The problem I'm thinking about is not IF I should invest, it is WHEN to invest. Its weird to make a calculation on a 10 years basis for opt... 5   Calculating NPV with Missing Data How will I calculate the NPV if I only have the different annual income for 6 years business proposal?... 4   4 comentarios Example of Net Present Calculation Consider the following two investments: Investment 1 requires a cash investment of $ 10,000 today and $14,000 two years from now. One year from now this investment will yield $24,000. Invest... 2   2 comentarios NPV of Partial Payments Suppose a business sells an average of $ 1000 per month to a group of 200 customers on Net 30 terms. What would be the financial benefit to the seller if those customers each paid 1/30th of the invoi... 2   Missed Interest in NPV (How) Can I include interest income forgone in an NPV calculation?... 1   1 comentarios How do you Calculate NPV when Initial Investments are Unknown? In calculating NPV when initial investment is not mentioned what should i do? Only cost and benefit from year 1 is given. What would be the power of (1+discount rate) 1 or 0?... 1   4 comentarios NPV assumes Certainty of Cash Flows When using the Net Present Value method be careful: this calculation assumes certainly in the forecasted future cash flows. For strategic longer term projects this assumptions is often not valid in to... 1   NPV with a Missing Cash Flow Figure Is is possible to calculate NPV with a missing cash flow figure? E.g. the expected cash flows for a 5 year project at 2% with initial investment of £5000 pounds are £1000, £2500, £2300, £1700 and unkn... 0   NPV with Only Costs & IRR Hi, I have been posed with the problem of trying to calculate an NPV, with only costs provided and an IRR. Additionally, costs are not incurred upfront, but by borrowing over each period at a given ra... 0   1 comentarios NPV for Leased Equipment versus Purchased Equipment Do any of you use NPV for a lease situation? I lease equipment and am often asked about purchase versus lease I do not have the customers cash inflows, but when I'd do this comparison of NPVs, th... 0   Calculating Cost per Unit if Zero NPV without any Operating Costs Information How does one calculate the cost per unit from the following info? Initial investment of R120M, R8M maintenance costs per year, R5M additional costs for each 1M units produced and 1.2M units produ... 0   NPV Cost Avoidance and Savings I evaluating a capital expenditure project where 'stand alone' (location 1) the savings from the investment are low. Due to this, the NPV is low. And thus the project is not feasible. However thi... 0   Calculating NPV for a Project John owns a nursery school. He estimates that, with an extension, he would be able to sell the business as a going concern for $600,000 in six years time. Without the extension, he would expect to sel... 0

Mejores Prácticas Los temas mejor valorados sobre Valor Actual Neto. Aquí encontrará las ideas más valiosas y sugerencias prácticas. Re-evaluating an investment decision Question: I am re-evaluating an investment decision from 2004 - - where the initial investment was made. If I wanted to look at the investment today would I need to take the future value of the past C... 43   6 comentarios Operating Cash Flows What is the NPV of a project that has cost of 52,125 and net cash flows of 12,000 per year for 8 years with a cost of capital of 12 percent?... 33   5 comentarios Does the Net Present Value (NPV) calculation uses cash inflows or profits? Does the NPV calculation uses cash inflows or profits? Should I use the revenue generated by the project or the profit?... 20   1 comentarios Choosing between Investments Using a Comparison of NPVs If I have 2 investments and I compare the NPV of both. Which one I prefer? With the biggest NPV?... 19   2 comentarios More Complex NPV Comparison: Interrelated Projects How would I compare 3 projects - two have an NPV = $500,000 (over 9 years mixed stream of inflows and 20 years annuity, respectively) and one which is a lump of $490,000 cash right now? ... 16   1 comentarios

Fuentes de Información Varias fuentes de información sobre Valor Actual Neto. Aquí encontrará powerpoints, videos, noticias, etc. para usar en sus propias conferencias y talleres. Net Present Value vs IRR NPV vs IRR Two of the most important criteria for choosing between capital investment projects are net present value (NPV) and inte... Present Value Tables Calculating PV Set of present value tables written in rich text format, compatible with MS-Word and most other word processors. Include... Capital Budgeting Calculate NPV, IRR, ROC Basic capital budgeting analysis for a project. Compute NPV, IRR and ROI. Spreadsheet by Aswath Damodaran.... Business Valuation | Company Valuation | Firm Valuation Business Analysis, Company Analysis | Firm Analysis This presentation elaborates on the valuation and analysis of companies and include the following sections: 1. Company ... Analyzing Financial Feasibility Financial Feasibility Analysis, Project Selection, ROI, NPV, IRR Presentation about Feasibility Studies in the Financial Area. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. Fina... How to Calculate NPV in MS Excel Basic Understanding of how to use Excel for calculating NPV The Net Present Value of an investment is the present value of the investment minus the amount of money it cost to buy i... Net Present Value Diagram Investment Valuation Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ...

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Compare con Valor Actual Neto: Tasa Interna de Retorno  |  Período de Reembolso  |  Análisis de costes y beneficios  |  Costo Total de Propiedad  |  Tasa de Crecimiento Anual Compuesto  |  Costo de Acción

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