Theory X Theory Y[X理论-Y理论] (McGregor)
Theory Z[Z理论] (Ouchi)

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什么是X理论和Y理论？ 释义

美国社会心理学家、麻省理工学院的Douglas McGregor教授在他的《企业的人性层面》（The Human Side of Enterprise，1960）一书中，提出了脍炙人口的X理论和Y理论模型。通过观察管理者处理员工关系的方式，McGregor发现，管理者关于人性的观点是建立在一些假设基础之上的，而管理者又根据这些假设来塑造他们自己对下属的行为方式，于是就提出了两种关于人性的基本假设。
 

McGregor教授个人倾向于Y理论，并认为Y理论是一种较好的管理模式，但是，他同时指出，Y理论很难用于大规模生产经营活动。

Z理论 - Ouchi

1980年， 美国加州大学洛杉矶分校的William Ouchi教授结合美国和日本的管理实践，在McGregorX理论-Y理论的基础上，提出了Z理论，它具有以下一些特征： 终身雇佣 - 集体决策 - 个人责任 - 较少的评估和提升 - 明确的、规范化的考察与暗示的、非正式控制相结合 - 适度的专业化职业发展轨迹 - 对员工包括其家庭在内的全面关怀。Ouchi认为，生产力建立于组织成员互信的基础上，而非资金或技术，这种互信代表着一种组织文化。这种互信的组织文化将渗透组织的每一个层级，它不仅可以调高组织的生产力，更能够满足员工的自尊。

论坛 新主题 X理论-Y理论-Z理论论坛。 Theory Y is a Farce in Practice I personally do not have much faith that theory Y is real in practice. May be happening in highly professionalised indus (...) 10   1个反应 Theory Z Explanation Explain the Theory Z in brief as by little explanation its difficult to judge. Moreover, it is a more practical approach (...) 9   0个反应 Theory X will Always Prevail Cecause it is Innate in Man As long as an individual or group of individuals exists, Theory X will prevail because we cannot uproot the source of un (...) 9   1个反应 Job Requirements Influence X or Y Theory X and Y are dependent on the job requirements also. One can't be participative on all situations / jobs. The val (...) 8   0个反应 Contribution for Today? What is the relevance of theory X and Y theory Z to modern management for today? (...) 8   0个反应 Why Participative Management is Needed in Today's High Tech World Managing in today's organization is very complex due to the rapid change in technology. In order to remain competitive m (...) 7   0个反应 It's Time for Theory Z Long term employment may be seen as security of tenure. Several years ago, I carried out a study in Exeter and discovere (...) 6   2个反应 Individual Backgrounds Theory Y states an ideal way on how people should work and interact. In theory X, it is when their work or personal situ (...) 6   0个反应 Contigency Management Principle Theory Y and theory X metamorphose into the Contingency Theory. There is no particular best style of management, but the (...) 5   1个反应 McGregor's XY Model is not a Model For Action The real Theory Z is that people don't understand that this XY model is not a model for action. It has been developed to (...) 5   2个反应 Dress Code, Bold Voice, Self Confidence and Motivation Power Whenever you try to guide someone, following three leadership factors affect your mission to leadership. You should alwa (...) 4   0个反应 Theory U: The origin of leadership is irrelevant Individuals at the top, middle, and bottom of the organization could informally personify leadership without a hierarchi (...) 4   0个反应 Applying Theory Z in Practice People with enough motivation and empowerment do not need to be coerced to work. The trick is to lay down parameters and (...) 3   1个反应 Role of Perception and Turbulence Theory X, Theory Y and Theory Z bring to mind the role of perception and judgmental attributions of a person's action an (...) 2   0个反应 Theory X and Y in Nigeria What are real life situations or applications of theory X and Y in Nigerian leadership today (APC)? Please give Nigerian (...) 1   0个反应 Theory X, Y and Z in Government Organizations HI. I'd like to know your thoughts on Theories X, Y and Z (McGregor and Ouchi) in governmental organizations. To what e (...) 1   0个反应 Threatening Workers does not Work Workers are suppose to be motivated and not be threatened like in theory X because if you threaten them the performance (...) 0   0个反应 No Prototypical Behavior I personally do not believe in prototypical behavior. This means that people act the way they act based on circumstances (...) -1   0个反应

最佳实践 注册 关于X理论-Y理论-Z理论的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。 Decision-making Method in Complex / Conflict Situations Game theory is the decision making skills in conflict situations.I think that it is the best way of management and eco (...) 54   1个反应 Theory Z is Rare but Growing Spiral Dynamics & Personal & Corporate Values Journey research indicates that Z would be a 'yellow' - a systems type per (...) 30   2个反应 Theory X and Theory Y In 9 out of 10 cases, the employer or leader determines the way workers behave. Workers who are treated as though they (...) 26   1个反应 Work Ethic: Most employees want to work I believe that most employees want to work. There will always be a small percentage that will go against the grain. The (...) 22   1个反应 Influence of Culture on Theory X & Y I think application of theory x and y also depends on the cultural backround of the enterprise. In fact, they are two en (...) 19   1个反应 Growing from Theory X to Z to Y - Theory X naturally comes to play at the inception of almost every business undertaking. - In the growing stage of a b (...) 16   1个反应 Theory X and Theory Y: Administration vs. Management From what can be seen in the summary, in my opinion we can make a clear distinction between administration and managemen (...) 13   4个反应 Applying Theory XY in Practice These motivational theories are excellent. However, how can we motivate the practicing administrators / bureaucrats to (...) 7   9个反应 In Practice you Need to Combine Theories It is not possible to put just one theory into practise without borrowing few elements from another. I am of the view th (...) 6   5个反应 The Role of Favoritism in Recruitment Theory X and Theory Y are dependent too on recruitment and selection processes. When favoritism plays a part in these ex (...) 6   4个反应 The Role of Empowerment We will always have X & Y type of people. What can make an X turn into an Y and vice a versa is EMPOWERMENT. If I can em (...) 6   8个反应

专家提示 注册 关于Theory X Theory Y Theory Z（英语）的高级见解。在这里，您将找到专家的专业建议。 Self-fulfilling Prophesies Further information An important aspect of McGregor's ideas is his belief that managers who hold either set of assumptions can create self-f (...) LEADER: Best Practices for Effective Leadership Behavior Leadership Behavior, Leadership Effectiveness, Leadership Style Following six short behavioral tips can help you to enhance your leadership efficiency: 1. L - LISTENING: Actively list (...) Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers Organizational Commitment, Employee Motivation, Non-profit Organizations Paid and unpaid workers in hybrid organizations Although financial considerations are an important reason to work for a (...) Theory X problem Leadership McGregor pointed out that a command and control environment is not effective, because it includes lower desires as lever (...)

信息来源 注册 有关X理论-Y理论-Z理论的各种信息来源。在这里，您将找到Powerpoint，视频，新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。

比较：  Leadership Styles[领导风格]  |  Managerial Grid[管理方格理论]  |  Leadership Continuum[领导连续体]  |  Situational Leadership[情境领导]  |  Bases of Social Power[社会权力基础]  |  EPIC ADVISERS[史诗顾问]  |  Hierarchy of Needs[需求层次理论]  |  Expectancy Theory[期望理论]  |  Path-Goal Theory[路径-目标理论]  |  Hawthorne Effect[霍索恩效应]  |  ERG Theory[ERG理论]  |  Hertzberg Two Factor Theory[二因素理论]  |  Change Management[变革管理]  |  Seven Surprises[七大惊奇]  |  Seven Habits[七个习惯]  |  Eight Attributes of Management Excellence[卓越管理的八个属性]  |  Five Disciplines[五项修炼]  |  Ten Principles of Reinvention[企业型政府重塑10原则]  |  Fourteen Points of Management[质量管理14要点]  |  Charismatic Leadership[魅力型领导]  |  Theory of Needs[需求理论]

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