Theory X Theory Y[X理论-Y理论] (McGregor)
Theory Z[Z理论] (Ouchi)

知识中心

• 关于12manage
• 主页
• 辞典
• 百科全书
• 题？
• 观点

• 注册
• 登入
• 帮助

• 变革与组织
• 沟通与技能
• 决策与评估
• 伦理与责任
• 金融与投资
• 人力资源管理
• 知识与无形资产管理
• 领导力
• 营销
• 计划与项目管理
• 战略与策略
• 供应链与质量管理

强硬管理，还是柔性管理？ Douglas McGregor的X理论、Y理论解析。 (‘60)。 William Ouchi的Z理论解析。 (‘81)

什么是X理论和Y理论？ 释义

美国社会心理学家、麻省理工学院的Douglas McGregor教授在他的《企业的人性层面》（The Human Side of Enterprise，1960）一书中，提出了脍炙人口的X理论和Y理论模型。通过观察管理者处理员工关系的方式，McGregor发现，管理者关于人性的观点是建立在一些假设基础之上的，而管理者又根据这些假设来塑造他们自己对下属的行为方式，于是就提出了两种关于人性的基本假设。
 

McGregor教授个人倾向于Y理论，并认为Y理论是一种较好的管理模式，但是，他同时指出，Y理论很难用于大规模生产经营活动。

Z理论 - Ouchi

1980年， 美国加州大学洛杉矶分校的William Ouchi教授结合美国和日本的管理实践，在McGregorX理论-Y理论的基础上，提出了Z理论，它具有以下一些特征： 终身雇佣 - 集体决策 - 个人责任 - 较少的评估和提升 - 明确的、规范化的考察与暗示的、非正式控制相结合 - 适度的专业化职业发展轨迹 - 对员工包括其家庭在内的全面关怀。Ouchi认为，生产力建立于组织成员互信的基础上，而非资金或技术，这种互信代表着一种组织文化。这种互信的组织文化将渗透组织的每一个层级，它不仅可以调高组织的生产力，更能够满足员工的自尊。

X理论-Y理论-Z理论 小组 小组 (40名成员)

X理论-Y理论-Z理论论坛   最近的话题   Why Participative Management is Needed in Today's High Tech World Managing in today's organization is very complex due to the rapid change in technology. In order to remain competitive many organizations have to chan...           Theory X and Y in Nigeria What are real life situations or applications of theory X and Y in Nigerian leadership today (APC)? Please give Nigerian political examples....           Theory X, Y and Z in Government Organizations HI. I'd like to know your thoughts on Theories X, Y and Z (McGregor and Ouchi) in governmental organizations. To what extent are they applicable ...

最佳实践 - X理论-Y理论-Z理论   Decision-making Method in Complex / Conflict Situations Game theory is the decision making skills in conflict situations.I think that it is the best way of management and economy to analyze the rational t...           Theory Z is Rare but Growing Spiral Dynamics & Personal & Corporate Values Journey research indicates that Z would be a 'yellow' - a systems type person - who works for the 'big p...           Theory X and Theory Y In 9 out of 10 cases, the employer or leader determines the way workers behave. Workers who are treated as though they were incapable of responsibili...           Work Ethic: Most employees want to work I believe that most employees want to work. There will always be a small percentage that will go against the grain. The problem is we fail each other...           Influence of Culture on Theory X & Y I think application of theory x and y also depends on the cultural backround of the enterprise. In fact, they are two ends of the same continuum.......           Growing from Theory X to Z to Y - Theory X naturally comes to play at the inception of almost every business undertaking. - In the growing stage of a busine...         管理资讯一站式平台   Theory X and Theory Y: Administration vs. Management From what can be seen in the summary, in my opinion we can make a clear distinction between administration and management. The way I see it, Theo...           Theory Y is a Farce in Practice I personally do not have much faith that theory Y is real in practice. May be happening in highly professionalised industries. But as we all know huma...           Theory Z Explanation Explain the Theory Z in brief as by little explanation its difficult to judge. Moreover, it is a more practical approach and tends to todays professio...           Theory X will Always Prevail Cecause it is Innate in Man As long as an individual or group of individuals exists, Theory X will prevail because we cannot uproot the source of unpleasant behavior and attitude...           Job Requirements Influence X or Y Theory X and Y are dependent on the job requirements also. One can't be participative on all situations / jobs. The value of the individua...           Contribution for Today? What is the relevance of theory X and Y theory Z to modern management for today?...           Applying Theory XY in Practice These motivational theories are excellent. However, how can we motivate the practicing administrators / bureaucrats to apply the tenets of these theo...           It's Time for Theory Z Long term employment may be seen as security of tenure. Several years ago, I carried out a study in Exeter and discovered that security of tenure t...           In Practice you Need to Combine Theories It is not possible to put just one theory into practise without borrowing few elements from another. I am of the view that all the theories are interc...           The Role of Favoritism in Recruitment Theory X and Theory Y are dependent too on recruitment and selection processes. When favoritism plays a part in these exercises, definitely the model ...           Individual Backgrounds Theory Y states an ideal way on how people should work and interact. In theory X, it is when their work or personal situations and experiences disrupt...           The Role of Empowerment We will always have X & Y type of people. What can make an X turn into an Y and vice a versa is EMPOWERMENT. If I can empower X he will turn into Y an...           Contigency Management Principle Theory Y and theory X metamorphose into the Contingency Theory. There is no particular best style of man...           McGregor's XY Model is not a Model For Action The real Theory Z is that people don't understand that this XY model is not a model for action. It has been developed to analyze and provide a rationa...           Dress Code, Bold Voice, Self Confidence and Motivation Power Whenever you try to guide someone, following three leadership factors affect your mission to leadership. You should always: - Maintain a p...           Theory U: The origin of leadership is irrelevant Individuals at the top, middle, and bottom of the organization could informally personify leadership without a hierarchical role, as part of a process...           Applying Theory Z in Practice People with enough motivation and empowerment do not need to be coerced to work. The trick is to lay down parameters and clearly define the scope of w...           Role of Perception and Turbulence Theory X, Theory Y and Theory Z bring to mind the role of perception and judgmental attributions of a person's action and behavior. Greatly influenced...           Threatening Workers does not Work Workers are suppose to be motivated and not be threatened like in theory X because if you threaten them the performance can not match the effort, need...           No Prototypical Behavior I personally do not believe in prototypical behavior. This means that people act the way they act based on circumstances. Thus in our social in...

Expert Tips (ENG) - Theory X Theory Y Theory Z   Self-fulfilling Prophesies       LEADER: Best Practices for Effective Leadership Behavior       Differences in Organizational Commitment Between Paid Workers and Volunteers       Theory X problem     你开发自己的关于企业管理和管理知识

相关资料 - X理论-Y理论-Z理论   新闻关于理论 McGregor         新闻关于理论 Ouchi         视频关于理论 McGregor         视频关于理论 Ouchi         简报关于理论 McGregor         简报关于理论 Ouchi         更多关于理论 McGregor         更多关于理论 Ouchi       提升你的管理事业

比较：  Leadership Styles[领导风格]  |  Managerial Grid[管理方格理论]  |  Leadership Continuum[领导连续体]  |  Situational Leadership[情境领导]  |  Bases of Social Power[社会权力基础]  |  EPIC ADVISERS[史诗顾问]  |  Hierarchy of Needs[需求层次理论]  |  Expectancy Theory[期望理论]  |  Path-Goal Theory[路径-目标理论]  |  Hawthorne Effect[霍索恩效应]  |  ERG Theory[ERG理论]  |  Hertzberg Two Factor Theory[二因素理论]  |  Change Management[变革管理]  |  Seven Surprises[七大惊奇]  |  Seven Habits[七个习惯]  |  Eight Attributes of Management Excellence[卓越管理的八个属性]  |  Five Disciplines[五项修炼]  |  Ten Principles of Reinvention[企业型政府重塑10原则]  |  Fourteen Points of Management[质量管理14要点]  |  Charismatic Leadership[魅力型领导]  |  Theory of Needs[需求理论]

返回到分类主页： 变革与组织  |  沟通与技能  |  人力资源管理  |   领导力  |  供应链与质量管理

更多管理方法、模型和理论