What is Liquidation Value? Description
Liquidation literally means: turning the assets of a company into readily
available cash.
The liquidation value of an asset or company is: the estimated amount of
money that it could be sold for quickly. Such as if it were to go bankrupt.
In a normal growing profitable industry, a company's liquidation value is
usually much less than the current share price. In a dying industry, the liquidation
value may exceed the current share price. This usually means that the company
should end its business.
Two types of Liquidation Value
There are actually two types of liquidation value, depending on the time
available for the liquidation process:
- Orderly liquidation value. This assumes that the enterprise can
afford to sell its assets to the highest bidder. It assumes an orderly sale
process. It assumes that the seller can take a reasonable amount of time
to sell each asset in its appropriate season and through channels of sale
and distribution that fetch the highest price reasonably available.
- Distress liquidation value. This is an 'emergency' price. This
assumes that the enterprise must sell all its assets at or near the same
time, to one or more purchasers. The assumption is that the typical purchaser
for the assets is a dealer who specializes in the liquidation of the entire
assets of a company. For obvious reasons, the distress liquidation value
will always be lower than the orderly liquidation value.
Depending on the enterprise and the nature of its assets, the difference
between the two values can be substantial.
This methodology should only be used if liquidation is likely at the end
of the forecast period.
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