Vanligtvis vid värdeskapande krävs betydande förändringar. John Kotter sammanfattade i hans bok "A force for Change: How Leadership Differs from Management" (1990) att det finns åtta skäl varför många förändringsprocesser inte lyckas:
Åtta skäl till varför många förändringsprocesser inte lyckas
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Att tillåta alltför mycket komplexitet.
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Att misslyckas att bygga en betydande koalition.
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Att inte ha förståelse för behovet av en tydlig vision.
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Att misslyckas med att tydligt kommunicera ut visionen.
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Att tillåta att vägspärrar sätts upp som hinder mot visionen.
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Att inte planera för kortfristiga resultat och att realisera dem.
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Att ta ut segern i förskott.
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Att misslyckas med att förankra förändringar i företagskulturen.
Förändringsfasernas modell
För att förhindra att göra dessa fel skapade Kotter följande modell för Förändringsfaser. Den består också av åtta steg:
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Upprätta en känsla av skyndsamhet.
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Skapa en koalition.
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Utveckla en tydlig vision.
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Kommunicera visionen.
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Bemyndiga personer till att rensa bort hinder.
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Säkra kortfristiga segrar.
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Konsolidera och fortsätt framåt.
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Förankra förändringen.
Enligt Kotter är det viktigt att följa de åtta faserna vid förändring som i den ovan presenterade ordningsföljden.
Bok: John Kotter - A force for Change
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