Just-in-time (Точно в срок)

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Что такое Just-in-time (Точно в срок)? Определение

Метод Just-in-time (Точно в срок) был впервые исследован Taiichi Ohno в Японии на заводах по сбору автомобилей Toyota в начале 1970-ых годов. Это производственная организационная философия.   JIT снижает отходы путем поставки комплектующих только при наличии потребности для процесса сборки. В центре JIT лежит концепция канбан, японское слово означает карточка. Эта карточка канбан отсылается на товарный склад для запроса стандартного количества комплектующих по мере того, как и когда они расходуются в процессе сборки/производства. JIT требует точности, так как нужные комплектующие должны доставляться «точно в срок» в нужное место (на рабочую станцию на сборочном конвейере). Этот метод используется, главным образом, для крупномасштабных повторяющихся поточных производственных процессов.

История Just-in-time (Точно в срок)

Исторически, философия JIT возникла из 2 других явлений:

1. Стремление Японии улучшить качество своего производства. На тот момент, японские компании имели плохую репутацию в том, что касалось качества производства и, в частности, производства автомобилей.
2. Kaizen (Кайдзен), также японский метод непрерывного улучшения.

Концепция "точно в срок" рассматривает товарно-материальные запасы как фактор, плохо объясняющий неэффективное планирование, отсутствие гибкости, некачественное машинное оборудование, проблемы качества, и т.д. Целью JIT является ускорение отзыва клиента паралельно с минимизацией товарно-материальных запасов. Товарно-материальные запасы помогают быстро откликнуться на измения в покупательском спросе, но неизбежно требуют больше денег и увеличения необходимого оборотного капитала.

В 1990г. James Womack написал книгу по названию «The Machine That Changed The World», введя термин «Lean Manufacturing (Экономичное производство)». Также вы можете найти слово: «Lean Production (Оптимизированное производство)». Принципы этих подходов не отличаются существенно от методов Ohno из Toyota.

Области, важные для Just-in-time (Точно в срок)

Типичные области, важные для внедрения JIT, включают:

• Уменьшение запасов.
• Уменьшение партий изделий и серийных партий.
• Контроль качества.
• Уменьшение сложности и прозрачность.
• Плоская организационная структура и делегация полномочий.
• Минимизация отходов.

Внешний расширенный Just-in-time (Точно в срок)

С распростанением Internet и программного обеспечения Supply Chain Planning (Планирование поставок), компании расширили производство "точно в срок" за пределы компании. Требуя от своих поставщиков поставлять товарно-материальные запасы на завод, только когда они нужны для сборки, еще более ускоряя производство JIT, срок выполнения заказа и процессы поставки, делая их более гибкими и более эффективными. Таким образом формируются Интегрированные сети поставок/Integrated Supply Networks (Сети спроса/Demand networks) или Электронные цепочки поставок/Electronic supply chains.

Форум Обсуждения на форуме о Точно в срок. Ниже вы можете задать вопрос по этой теме, поделиться своим опытом, сообщить о новой разработке или что-то пояснить. Single Minute Exchange of Dies Dear reader, I am currently working on a Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED) project in a beer production facility. To implement SMED, I need to determine the baseline on which processes are done n... 14   6 комментария Combining JIT and Outsourcing JIT and outsourcing go hand in hand. On one side it seems contradictory. JIT stands for producing and delivering to the customer what he wants when he wants. This is an extreme challenging condition.... 13   2 комментария How to Reduce the Vendor Risks with Just-in-Time ? When we execute JIT, we normally require our vendor to prepare some stock to deliver fast. If there are design change requests, or other products updates, how to reduce vendor stock risk?... 9   1 комментария Can Just-in-Time Work Without Kanban? Just-in-Time is a basic philosophy or a paradigm. If you read about it, you still have no idea HOW to do it. Kanban however gives a practical way to achieve Just-in-Time. As Taiichi Ohno says:�Kanban... 8   Importance of Inventory Velocity Why is inventory velocity so important in supply chain management?... 6   2 комментария Experiences with Including Purchased Parts in Kanban Taiichi Ohno was plant manager of a Toyota factory when he started experimenting with JIT, Kanban and other Lean tools. This is one of his stories: � � we used Kanban in select areas only and the pur... 6   1 комментария Sustainable Business Approach after Years of JIT I had a very interesting conversation with someone who has become recently Chief Sustainability Officer of a top 10 pharma company (after years as global head of engineering there). He is using a Sus... 5   2 комментария Just-in-time Needs Flexibility Of course, Just-in-time needs a flexible manufacturing system. But actually, this flexibility has several aspects. For a proper functioning JIT-system, flexibility is required towards: * Changes in ... 5   1 комментария Classification of Lean Tools Can you briefly explain how to classify lean tools? I mean: different people seem to classify Lean tools in different ways, for example according to the 8 wastes. Who can give me another way to class... 5   1 комментария Kanban and Procurement Planning Does the Kanban or the pull system contradict with the procurement planning early in the project life cycle?... 5   2 комментария The Impact of JIT on the Organization of Production Planning JIT will have a strong impact on your organization of production planning. With JIT, a factory should operate in a company similar as the autonomic nervous system in the human body. For example the h... 5   1 комментария List of Barriers to Just-in-Time | Barriers to JIT Though JIT as a theoretical concept seems superb, there are practical barriers in getting this concept to work in reality and get JIT implemented properly. Let's create a complete a list of all those ... 4   4 комментария JIT in Variable Marketplaces In trying to implement a JIT system within my organisation. We are finding difficulties due to the random flows we are seeing. This random flow of products is making it hard to establish optimal stock... 4   5 комментария Customer Support in Just in Time is Needed I think for implementing Just-In-Time, the customer must support it with firm and better forecasting, co-operative and committed for inwarding supplies as per the issued schedules. Else we will get sa... 3   1 комментария Information Velocity Why is information velocity important in supply chain management?... 3   2 комментария Poka Yoke - Explanation Poka Yoke is a method that shapes the production process the way it gets almost impossible to make mistakes. Employees have to make improvements in the process and needs to come up with proposals on h... 3   1 комментария Disadvantages of JIT A lean system has no resilience. Integrating JIT as far as possible back up the supply line creates rigid connections between manufacturing units, leaving the entire system vulnerable to exogenous fa... 2   14 комментария JIT is Playground for Big Companies I think that JIT or zero inventory or any system aiming similar targets needs power to execute. There are three cushions against delivery time variability. 1. Stock 2. Extra capacity 3. Unhappy cus... 0   4 комментария Intent of Just in Time In my view, ultimately the intent of just in time is to minimise cost. Which must be understood very well and planning should be done accordingly. For example if a process takes changeover time of 4 h... -1   4 комментария Начать новую тему об Точно в срок

Лучшие Лрактики Темы для обсуждения с самым высоким рейтингом для обсуждения Точно в срок. Здесь вы найдете самые ценные идеи и практические предложения. 🥇 Definition of Just-in-time JIT can be considered as: 1. A way of life 2. A philosophy of continuous improvement 3. A way to achieve manufacturing excellence by continually eliminating waste.... 20   3 комментария 🥈 Assumptions of Just-in-time (JIT) Assumptions for effective JIT: 1. It depends on the type of product a company is manufacturing. JIT works best in food (perishable) business, fashion but can also be applied in cars manufacturing lik... 16   6 комментария 🥉 The Principles of Lean Lean works on certain principles: 1. Identify customer specific value (customer requirements); 2. Value stream mapping for the process (identify process); 3. Create flow (reduce cycle time); 4. El... 11   4 комментария Lean Manufacturing Tools for Beginners Could somebody tell me what are the most important lean tools and techniques that should be used in a company that are about to implement lean manufacturing for the first time? Why? Thank you for your... 8   10 комментария Just-in-time: Problematic or Possible? Just-in-time (JIT) has always been a troublesome part of the management of any supply chain. However, it is feasible if the parties have a better understanding of their respective roles and the value ... 7   5 комментария Lean and JIT Manufacturing Is there any difference between Lean and JIT Production?... 6   7 комментария

Эксперт Советы Продвинутое понимание Just-in-time (Английский). Здесь вы найдете профессиональные советы экспертов. Main Advantages of JIT? Benefits of Just-in-time Among the main causes for the success of Just-in-time are its capabilities to deal with certain major economic trends: ... Lean Tools to Attack Waste Waste Management, Waste Tools Overview What lean tools you can use for every waste you can find at your company? Before you try to implement these lean tools ... 7 Things to Avoid in Just-in-Time Just-in-Time Pitfalls The seven zeros or seven areas of wastes in JIT / Lean Thinking are: - Zero Defects: To avoid delays due to defects -... Use of Andon as Part of Just-in-time Signaling Abnormalities Just-in-time is a pull-system. That means that when the customer places his order, the machine starts rolling. Of cours... The 8 Wastes of Lean Explained Waste Management T - Transport - Moving people, products & information I - Inventory - Storing parts, pieces, documentation ahead of req... Standard Work in Just-in-Time Just-in-Time A just-in-time organization has to be capable to function 100% reliable when �pulled� by the customer. To achieve this ... Operation Management Issues and Focus Areas Operations Management, JIT, Kaizen According to Heizer and Render, there are 10 decision areas of Operation Management (each having typical issues): 1. Go... How to Focus your Improvement Efforts? Achieve More With Less, Kaizen, BPR, JIT, Lean, Value Chain Very often organizations consider continuous improvement as committing on improvement efforts, and thus creating project... Synonyms of Just-in-time (JIT) Other Terms that are used to Indicate JIT Instead of JIT, you may also find the following similar terms: - Continuous Flow Manufacturing (IBM) - Stockless Produ... JIT II JIT with supplier The term JIT II has been applied as co-location and is a further step toward reducing unnecessary logistics times and co... Obtaining a High Supplier Quality Best Practice to Consider W. Edward Deming, a well-known management consultant, strongly recommended Sole (Single) Sourcing as the only management...

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Ссылки на Исследования Автоматический переход к другим полезным источникам, касающимся Точно в срок. Новости Видео Презентации   Книги Академический Более

Сравните с: Kaizen (Кайдзен)  |  Deming Cycle (Цикл Деминга)  |  Scientific Management (Научные методы управления)  |  Six Sigma (6 Сигма)  |  Value Chain (Цепочка приращения стоимости)  |  Value Stream Mapping (Систематизирование потока ценности)  |  CPFR  |  Bricks and Clicks (Интегрированная модель)  |  Delta Model (Модель Дельта)  |  3rd Party Logistics (Материально-техническое обеспечение третьей стороной) (3PL)  |  Технология RFID

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