Что такое Just-in-time (Точно в срок)? Определение
Метод Just-in-time (Точно в срок) был впервые исследован Taiichi Ohno в Японии на заводах по сбору автомобилей Toyota в начале 1970-ых годов. Это производственная организационная философия. JIT снижает отходы путем поставки комплектующих только при наличии потребности для процесса сборки. В центре JIT лежит концепция канбан, японское слово означает карточка. Эта карточка канбан отсылается на товарный склад для запроса стандартного количества комплектующих по мере того, как и когда они расходуются в процессе сборки/производства. JIT требует точности, так как нужные комплектующие должны доставляться «точно в срок» в нужное место (на рабочую станцию на сборочном конвейере). Этот метод используется, главным образом, для крупномасштабных повторяющихся поточных производственных процессов.
История Just-in-time (Точно в срок)
Исторически, философия JIT возникла из 2 других явлений:
- Стремление Японии улучшить качество своего производства. На тот момент, японские компании имели плохую репутацию в том, что касалось качества производства и, в частности, производства автомобилей.
- Kaizen (Кайдзен), также японский метод непрерывного улучшения.
Концепция "точно в срок" рассматривает товарно-материальные запасы как фактор, плохо объясняющий неэффективное планирование, отсутствие гибкости, некачественное машинное оборудование, проблемы качества, и т.д. Целью JIT является ускорение отзыва клиента паралельно с минимизацией товарно-материальных запасов. Товарно-материальные запасы помогают быстро откликнуться на измения в покупательском спросе, но неизбежно требуют больше денег и увеличения необходимого оборотного капитала.
В 1990г. James Womack написал книгу по названию «The Machine That Changed The World», введя термин «Lean Manufacturing (Экономичное производство)». Также вы можете найти слово: «Lean Production (Оптимизированное производство)». Принципы этих подходов не отличаются существенно от методов Ohno из Toyota.
Области, важные для Just-in-time (Точно в срок)
Типичные области, важные для внедрения JIT, включают:
- Уменьшение запасов.
- Уменьшение партий изделий и серийных партий.
- Контроль качества.
- Уменьшение сложности и прозрачность.
- Плоская организационная структура и делегация полномочий.
- Минимизация отходов.
Внешний расширенный Just-in-time (Точно в срок)
С распростанением Internet и программного обеспечения Supply Chain Planning (Планирование поставок), компании расширили производство "точно в срок" за пределы компании. Требуя от своих поставщиков поставлять товарно-материальные запасы на завод, только когда они нужны для сборки, еще более ускоряя производство JIT, срок выполнения заказа и процессы поставки, делая их более гибкими и более эффективными. Таким образом формируются Интегрированные сети поставок/Integrated Supply Networks (Сети спроса/Demand networks) или Электронные цепочки поставок/Electronic supply chains.
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 List of Barriers to Just-in-Time | Barriers to JIT
Though JIT as a theoretical concept seems superb, there are practical barriers in getting this concept to work in reality and get JIT implemented properly. Let's create a complete a list of all those barriers to act as a reference for those wanting t...
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Single Minute Exchange of Dies
Dear reader, I am currently working on a Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED) project in a beer production facility.
To implement SMED, I need to determine the baseline on which processes are done now during the changeover. I wanted to FILM thi...
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Customer Support in Just in Time is Needed
I think for implementing Just-In-Time, the customer must support it with firm and better forecasting, co-operative and committed for inwarding supplies as per the issued schedules. Else we will get sandwiched between performance and customer r...
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Can Just-in-Time Work Without Kanban?
Just-in-Time is a basic philosophy or a paradigm. If you read about it, you still have no idea HOW to do it.
Kanban however gives a practical way to achieve Just-in-Time. As Taiichi Ohno says:Kanban, in essence, becomes the autono...
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The Principles of Lean
Lean works on certain principles:
1. Identify customer specific value (customer requirements);
2. Value stream mapping for the process (identify process);
3. Create flow (reduce cycle time);
4. Eliminate waste and non-value-added ...
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Classification of Lean Tools
Can you briefly explain how to classify lean tools?
I mean: different people seem to classify Lean tools in different ways, for example according to the 8 wastes. Who can give me another way to clas...
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Just-in-time Needs Flexibility
Of course, Just-in-time needs a flexible manufacturing system.
But actually, this flexibility has several aspects. For a proper functioning JIT-system, flexibility is required towards:
* Changes in product demand: the process ...
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The Impact of JIT on the Organization of Production Planning
JIT will have a strong impact on your organization of production planning.
With JIT, a factory should operate in a company similar as the autonomic nervous system in the human body. For example the human body will take care of our heartbeat and ...
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Experiences with Including Purchased Parts in Kanban
Taiichi Ohno was plant manager of a Toyota factory when he started experimenting with JIT, Kanban and other Lean tools. This is one of his stories:
we used Kanban in select areas only and the purchased parts were the very last to be p...
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Just-in-time: Problematic or Possible?
Just-in-time (JIT) has always been a troublesome part of the management of any supply chain. However, it is feasible if the parties have a better understanding of their respective roles and the value each must bring to the chain.
Managing a supp...
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Definition of Just-in-time
JIT can be considered as:
1. A way of life
2. A philosophy of continuous improvement
3. A way to achieve manufacturing excellence by continually eliminating waste....
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Poka Yoke - Explanation
Poka Yoke is a method that shapes the production process the way it gets almost impossible to make mistakes. Employees have to make improvements in the process and needs to come up with proposals on how to prevent all the mistakes. The process has to...
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Lean Manufacturing Tools for Beginners
Could somebody tell me what are the most important lean tools and techniques that should be used in a company that are about to implement lean manufacturing for the first time? Why? Thank you for your suggestions....
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JIT is Playground for Big Companies
I think that JIT or zero inventory or any system aiming similar targets needs power to execute. There are three cushions against delivery time variability.
1. Stock
2. Extra capacity
3. Unhappy customers
Big companies may p...
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JIT in Variable Marketplaces
In trying to implement a JIT system within my organisation. We are finding difficulties due to the random flows we are seeing. This random flow of products is making it hard to establish optimal stock levels.
With optimal stock levels establishe...
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Точно в срок Специальная группа по интересам
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Точно в срок Образование & Мероприятия
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 Combining JIT and Outsourcing
JIT and outsourcing go hand in hand.
On one side it seems contradictory. JIT stands for producing and delivering to the customer what he wants when he wants. This is an extreme challenging condition. So you would expect that we should not furthe...
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Assumptions of Just-in-time (JIT)
Assumptions for effective JIT:
1. It depends on the type of product a company is manufacturing. JIT works best in food (perishable) business, fashion but can also be applied in cars manufacturing like in Toyota.
2. Deep buyer-supplier relat...
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Main Advantages of JIT?
Among the main causes for the success of Just-in-time are its capabilities to deal with certain major economic trends:
a. Deal with decrea...
Usage (application): Benefits of Just-in-time
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Lean Tools to Attack Waste
What lean tools you can use for every waste you can find at your company?
Before you try to implement these lean tools you have to train your ass...
Usage (application): Waste Management, Waste Tools Overview
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7 Things to Avoid in Just-in-Time
The seven zeros or seven areas of wastes in JIT / Lean Thinking are:
- Zero Defects: To avoid delays due to defects
- Zero (Excess) Lot Siz...
Usage (application): Just-in-Time Pitfalls
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Use of Andon as Part of Just-in-time
Just-in-time is a pull-system. That means that when the customer places his order, the machine starts rolling.
Of course the whole organiz...
Usage (application): Signaling Abnormalities
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The 8 Wastes of Lean Explained
T - Transport - Moving people, products & information
I - Inventory - Storing parts, pieces, documentation ahead of requirements
M - Motion ...
Usage (application): Waste Management
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Standard Work in Just-in-Time
A just-in-time organization has to be capable to function 100% reliable when pulled by the customer.
To achieve this readiness the organ...
Usage (application): Just-in-Time
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Operation Management Issues and Focus Areas
According to Heizer and Render, there are 10 decision areas of Operation Management (each having typical issues):
1. Goods and Services De...
Usage (application): Operations Management, JIT, Kaizen
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How to Focus your Improvement Efforts?
Very often organizations consider continuous improvement as committing on improvement efforts, and thus creating projects to implement them, in all ar...
Usage (application): Achieve More With Less, Kaizen, BPR, JIT, Lean, Value Chain
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Synonyms of Just-in-time (JIT)
Instead of JIT, you may also find the following similar terms:
- Continuous Flow Manufacturing (IBM)
- Stockless Production (HP)
- Repe...
Usage (application): Other Terms that are used to Indicate JIT
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JIT II
The term JIT II has been applied as co-location and is a further step toward reducing unnecessary logistics times and costs and exploring further oppo...
Usage (application): JIT with supplier
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Obtaining a High Supplier Quality
W. Edward Deming, a well-known management consultant, strongly recommended Sole (Single) Sourcing as the only management way to obtain high supplier q...
Usage (application): Best Practice to Consider
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Новости
JIT философия
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Новости
JIT Точно в срок
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Видео
JIT философия
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Видео
JIT Точно в срок
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Презентации
JIT философия
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Презентации
JIT Точно в срок
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Более
JIT философия
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Более
JIT Точно в срок
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Сравните с: Kaizen (Кайдзен) | Deming Cycle (Цикл Деминга) | Scientific Management (Научные методы управления) | Six Sigma (6 Сигма) | Value Chain (Цепочка приращения стоимости) | Value Stream Mapping (Систематизирование потока ценности) | CPFR | Bricks and Clicks (Интегрированная модель) | Delta Model (Модель Дельта) | 3rd Party Logistics (Материально-техническое обеспечение третьей стороной) (3PL) | Технология RFID
Возврат на главную страницу: Изменение и Организация | Цепочка поставок и Качество
Больше: Методы, Модели и Теории Менеджмента
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Special Interest Group Leader
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