Juste à Temps

Centre de Connaissances

Qu'est-ce que le juste à temps ? Définition

Le juste à temps (Just-in-time) a été expérimenté au début des années 70 par Taiichi Ohno au Japon dans les usines d'assemblage de voitures Toyota. C'est une philosophie d'organisation de la fabrication.   Le JAT diminue le gaspillage en approvisionnant les pièces seulement quand le processus d'assemblage les requiert. Au coeur du JAT se trouve le kanban, le mot japonais pour la carte. Cette carte de kanban est envoyée à l'entrepôt pour demander une quantité standard de pièces au fur et à mesure qu'elles ont été utilisées dans le processus d'assemblage / fabrication. Le JAT requiert de la précision, car les bonnes pièces doivent arriver « juste à temps » à la bonne position (le poste de travail sur la chaîne de montage). Il est utilisé principalement pour des processus de fabrication répétitifs et à débit de production important.

Histoire du juste à temps

Historiquement, la philosophie de JAT est né de deux autres choses :

1. Le voeu du Japon d'améliorer sa qualité de production. À ce moment-là, les entreprises japonaises avaient une mauvaise réputation en ce qui concerne la qualité de la fabrication et de celle des voitures en particulier.
2. Kaizen, également une méthode japonaise d'amélioration continue.

Le fondement "juste à temps" considère les stocks comme une piètre excuse de la mauvaise planification, de la non flexibilité, des machines inadaptées, des problèmes de qualité, etc. La cible du JAT est d'accélérer la réponse au client tout en réduisant en même temps les stocks au minimum. Les stocks aident à répondre rapidement à changer des demandes de client, mais coûtent inévitablement de l'argent et accroissent le fonds de roulement d'exploitation nécessaire.

En 1990, James Womack a écrit un livre appelé « la machine qui a changé le monde », introduisant la terminologie « Lean Manufacturing (Fabrication resserrée) ». En outre vous pouvez rencontrer le mot : « Lean Production (Production resserrée) ». Les principes derrière ces approches ne diffèrent pas sensiblement des techniques développées par Ohno chez Toyota.

Zones d'intérêt du juste à temps

Le domaines classiques d'intérêt d'application du JAT incluent :

• Réduction de stocks.
• Des lots et des séries de production plus petites.
• Contrôle de qualité.
• Réduction de complexité et transparence.
• Structure d'organisation plates et délégation.
• Réduction du gaspillage.

Juste à temps, vers l'entreprise étendue

Avec l'arrivée d'Internet et des logiciels de Planification de la chaîne d'approvisionnements, les entreprises ont, dans le même temps, étendu la fabrication "juste à temps" en dehors des frontières de l'entreprise. En exigeant de leurs fournisseurs de leur fournir les stocks à l'usine seulement quand ils sont nécessaires pour l'assemblage, faisant de la fabrication JAT, le processus de commande et de livraison encore plus rapides, plus souples et plus efficace. Ainsi sont né, les chaînes d'approvisionnement intégrées (Integrated Supply Networks) les réseaux de demande (Demand Network) ou les chaînes d'approvisionnement informatisées (Electronic Supply Chains).

Forum Forum sur Juste à Temps. Commencer un nouveau sujet Partagez vos connaissances ou posez une question   🔥 NOUVEAU Juste-à-Temps est difficilement applicable Les stocks constituent une charge pour une entreprise, dont il faut tenir compte lors des décisions de gestion. Cependant même si le juste-à-temps est prôné, il est difficilement applicable en raison ... 3   2 commentaires Single Minute Exchange of Dies Dear reader, I am currently working on a Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED) project in a beer production facility. To implement SMED, I need to determine the baseline on which processes are do... 14   6 commentaires Combining JIT and Outsourcing JIT and outsourcing go hand in hand. On one side it seems contradictory. JIT stands for producing and delivering to the customer what he wants when he wants. This is an extreme challenging condit... 13   2 commentaires How to Reduce the Vendor Risks with Just-in-Time ? When we execute JIT, we normally require our vendor to prepare some stock to deliver fast. If there are design change requests, or other products updates, how to reduce vendor stock risk?... 9   1 commentaires Can Just-in-Time Work Without Kanban? Just-in-Time is a basic philosophy or a paradigm. If you read about it, you still have no idea HOW to do it. Kanban however gives a practical way to achieve Just-in-Time. As Taiichi Ohno says... 8   Experiences with Including Purchased Parts in Kanban Taiichi Ohno was plant manager of a Toyota factory when he started experimenting with JIT, Kanban and other Lean tools. This is one of his stories: ‘ … we used Kanban in select areas only and the... 6   1 commentaires Importance of Inventory Velocity Why is inventory velocity so important in supply chain management?... 6   2 commentaires Classification of Lean Tools Can you briefly explain how to classify lean tools? I mean: different people seem to classify Lean tools in different ways, for example according to the 8 wastes. Who can give me another way to c... 5   1 commentaires The Impact of JIT on the Organization of Production Planning JIT will have a strong impact on your organization of production planning. With JIT, a factory should operate in a company similar as the autonomic nervous system in the human body. For example t... 5   1 commentaires Just-in-time Needs Flexibility Of course, Just-in-time needs a flexible manufacturing system. But actually, this flexibility has several aspects. For a proper functioning JIT-system, flexibility is required towards: * Cha... 5   1 commentaires Kanban and Procurement Planning Does the Kanban or the pull system contradict with the procurement planning early in the project life cycle?... 5   2 commentaires Sustainable Business Approach after Years of JIT I had a very interesting conversation with someone who has become recently Chief Sustainability Officer of a top 10 pharma company (after years as global head of engineering there). He is using a... 5   2 commentaires JIT in Variable Marketplaces In trying to implement a JIT system within my organisation. We are finding difficulties due to the random flows we are seeing. This random flow of products is making it hard to establish optimal stock... 4   5 commentaires List of Barriers to Just-in-Time | Barriers to JIT Though JIT as a theoretical concept seems superb, there are practical barriers in getting this concept to work in reality and get JIT implemented properly. Let's create a complete a list of all those ... 4   4 commentaires Poka Yoke - Explanation Poka Yoke is a method that shapes the production process the way it gets almost impossible to make mistakes. Employees have to make improvements in the process and needs to come up with proposals on h... 3   1 commentaires Information Velocity Why is information velocity important in supply chain management?... 3   2 commentaires Customer Support in Just in Time is Needed I think for implementing Just-In-Time, the customer must support it with firm and better forecasting, co-operative and committed for inwarding supplies as per the issued schedules. Else we will get sa... 3   1 commentaires Disadvantages of JIT A lean system has no resilience. Integrating JIT as far as possible back up the supply line creates rigid connections between manufacturing units, leaving the entire system vulnerable to exogenous fa... 2   14 commentaires JIT is Playground for Big Companies I think that JIT or zero inventory or any system aiming similar targets needs power to execute. There are three cushions against delivery time variability. 1. Stock 2. Extra capacity 3.... 0   4 commentaires Intent of Just in Time In my view, ultimately the intent of just in time is to minimise cost. Which must be understood very well and planning should be done accordingly. For example if a process takes changeover time of 4 h... -1   4 commentaires

Meilleures Pratiques Les sujets les mieux notés sur Juste à Temps. Vous trouverez ici les idées les plus précieuses et des suggestions pratiques. Definition of Just-in-time JIT can be considered as: 1. A way of life 2. A philosophy of continuous improvement 3. A way to achieve manufacturing excellence by continually eliminating waste.... 20   3 commentaires Assumptions of Just-in-time (JIT) Assumptions for effective JIT: 1. It depends on the type of product a company is manufacturing. JIT works best in food (perishable) business, fashion but can also be applied in cars manufacturing... 16   6 commentaires The Principles of Lean Lean works on certain principles: 1. Identify customer specific value (customer requirements); 2. Value stream mapping for the process (identify process); 3. Create flow (reduce cycle t... 11   4 commentaires Lean Manufacturing Tools for Beginners Could somebody tell me what are the most important lean tools and techniques that should be used in a company that are about to implement lean manufacturing for the first time? Why? Thank you for your... 8   10 commentaires Just-in-time: Problematic or Possible? Just-in-time (JIT) has always been a troublesome part of the management of any supply chain. However, it is feasible if the parties have a better understanding of their respective roles and the value ... 7   5 commentaires Lean and JIT Manufacturing Is there any difference between Lean and JIT Production?... 6   7 commentaires

Conseils d'Experts Idées avancées sur Just-in-time (Anglais). Vous trouverez ici des conseils professionnels d'experts. Main Advantages of JIT? Benefits of Just-in-time Among the main causes for the success of Just-in-time are its capabilities to deal with certain major economic trends: ... Lean Tools to Attack Waste Waste Management, Waste Tools Overview What lean tools you can use for every waste you can find at your company? Before you try to implement these lean tools ... 7 Things to Avoid in Just-in-Time Just-in-Time Pitfalls The seven zeros or seven areas of wastes in JIT / Lean Thinking are: - Zero Defects: To avoid delays due to defects -... Use of Andon as Part of Just-in-time Signaling Abnormalities Just-in-time is a pull-system. That means that when the customer places his order, the machine starts rolling. Of cours... The 8 Wastes of Lean Explained Waste Management T - Transport - Moving people, products & information I - Inventory - Storing parts, pieces, documentation ahead of req... Standard Work in Just-in-Time Just-in-Time A just-in-time organization has to be capable to function 100% reliable when ‘pulled’ by the customer. To achieve this ... Operation Management Issues and Focus Areas Operations Management, JIT, Kaizen According to Heizer and Render, there are 10 decision areas of Operation Management (each having typical issues): 1. Go... How to Focus your Improvement Efforts? Achieve More With Less, Kaizen, BPR, JIT, Lean, Value Chain Very often organizations consider continuous improvement as committing on improvement efforts, and thus creating project... Synonyms of Just-in-time (JIT) Other Terms that are used to Indicate JIT Instead of JIT, you may also find the following similar terms: - Continuous Flow Manufacturing (IBM) - Stockless Produ... JIT II JIT with supplier The term JIT II has been applied as co-location and is a further step toward reducing unnecessary logistics times and co... Obtaining a High Supplier Quality Best Practice to Consider W. Edward Deming, a well-known management consultant, strongly recommended Sole (Single) Sourcing as the only management...

Sources d'Information Diverses sources d'informations sur Juste à Temps. Vous trouverez ici des powerpoints, des vidéos, des actualités, etc. à utiliser dans vos propres conférences et ateliers. Summary of Lean Manufacturing and Maintenance. History, Tools, PROs and CONs Operational Excellence, Maximizing Efficiency Detailed presentation about Lean Production, including the interesting origins of Lean Production in Toyota Motor Compan... The Role of Value Chain Functions, Quality Management and Innovation in Competitive Advantage Value Chain Management, Quality Management, Innovation, Operational Excellence This presentation firstly presents the role of functional strategies and the value chain in the achievement of competiti... Financial Consequences from Implementing Lean Manufacturing JIT, TQM In the last 30 years, many U.S. firms have adopted lean manufacturing strategies. Despite evidence of substantial variat... Lean Production for a Green Environment Lean Production, Lean Manufcaturing Presentation about lean manufacturing and its relation with sustainable business. The presentation includes the followin... Lean Assessment Tool Lean / Six Sigma Assessment Spreadsheet calculates current and future Lean and Six Sigma scores based on scoring in 28 criteria. Generates Lean Over... Managing your Inventory: Quick Introduction to Just in Time, Stock Review and ABC Analysis Basic Understanding of 3Inventory Management Techniques This video gives a brief introduction to three popular Inventory Management Techniques: 1. JIT (Just in Time): Involve...

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