Dimensiones Culturales
(Hofstede)

Centro de Conocimiento

Según Geert Hofstede, no existe una cosa tal como el método universial de administración o una teoría de gestión universal, válida en todo el mundo entero. Incluso la palabra “Gestión” tiene diversos orígenes y significados en los distintos países del mundo. La Gestión no es un fenómeno que se pueda aislar de otros procesos que ocurren en la sociedad. Ésta interactúa con lo que sucede en la familia, en la escuela, en la política, y en el gobierno. Obviamente, también se relaciona con la religión y con las creencias sobre la ciencia.

Los cinco dimensiones culturales de Hofstede

El modelo cultural de las dimensiones de Geert Hofstede es un marco que describe cinco clases (dimensiones) de diferencias/de perspectivas de valor, entre las culturas nacionales:

• Distancia del poder. El grado de desigualdad entre la gente, que la población de un país, considera como normal.

• Individualismo versus colectivismo. El grado a partir del cual la gente siente que debe cuidar o ser cuidado por ellos mismos, por sus familias o por las organizaciones a las que pertenece.

• Masculinidad versus feminidad. El grado a el cual una cultura es conducente a la dominación, a la asertividad y a la adquisición de cosas. Contra una cultura que es más inclinada a la gente, a las sensaciones y a la calidad de la vida.

• Evasión de la incertidumbre. El grado en el cual la gente de un país prefiere situaciones estructuradas sobre situaciones no estructuradas.

• Orientación de Largo plazo versus orientación de corto plazo. Largo plazo: valores orientados hacia el futuro, como el ahorro y la persistencia. A corto plazo: valores orientados hacia el pasado y el presente, como el respeto por la tradición y la satisfacción de obligaciones sociales.

Para entender la gestión en un país, uno debe tener conocimiento y empatía con la escena local completa. Sin embargo, los resultados del único examen estadístico que Hofstede realizó, debería alertar a pensar que la gente en otros países puede pensar, sentir, y actuar de forma muy diferente que ellos mismos; incluso cuando se enfrentan a problemas básicos de la sociedad. Se aconseja que cualquier persona que trate temas de gestión o de Estrategia debe recordar constantemente las lecciones de la teoría de las Dimensiones Culturales de Hofstede. Los seres humanos tienden tomar la falsa posición de pensar, sentir y actuar sobre la base de sus propias experiencias, especialmente cuando trabajan internacionalmente.

Libro: Geert Hofstede - Cultures Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values

Libro: Geert Hofstede - Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind

Foro Discusiones en el Foro sobre Dimensiones Culturales (Gestión Intercultural). A continuación puede hacer una pregunta sobre este tema, compartir sus experiencias, informar un nuevo desarrollo o explicar algo. Iniciar un tema nuevo sobre Dimensiones Culturales (Gestión Intercultural) Comparta sus conocimientos aquí (o haga una pregunta)   Doing Business in Asia | Understanding Chinese Culture Asia’s rapid rise to economic prominence marks the beginning of a trend that will increase in the future. The Chinese economy, the second largest in the world, is currently attracting more direct inve... 16   33 comentarios Hofstede vs. Hampden-Turner Does anyone know the difference between Hofstede's cultural model and Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner’s Seven Cultural Dimensions.... 13   From Universalism to Poly-Culturalism There used to be 2 paradigms of organizational culture:The first is UNIVERSALISM, a belief in colorblindness and uniformity in the treatment of all people, by suppressing any individual cultural chara... 10   24 comentarios Cross Cultural Communication For my research in intercultural communication inside organizations, I am looking for cultural differences between western (better Italian) and eastern Europe, in particularly in Poland, Serbia and Cr... 9   1 comentarios The Influence of Culture on Employee Motivation and Performance I am interested in how culture influences (employee) motivation and performance. Colleagues, can you help me out to appreciate what cultural traits (religion, formal and informal socialisation pr... 9   2 comentarios Country Scores for Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions + Compare Countries A very good way to understand the Framework & put it into perspective & practice is provided at the following webpage. It provides for a thorough insight into cultures and behaviour trends which may b... 8   2 comentarios Supply Chain Partners' Cultural Differences I am trying to find out how cultural differences between supply chain partners can influence the overall performance of the chain. Any ideas or recommended materials?... 6   1 comentarios Importance of Respect in Various Cultures I believe RESPECT for authority, age, position, has blurred and decreased - over time, sometimes because people have proven themselves unworthy of respect. Some cultures retain greater respect fo... 5   Sharing Knowledge in Multicultural Teams Sharing knowledge (tacit and learned) between human beings from any part of the world with a simple and sincere converstation can eliminate differences on ways of thinking. Because a total agreement c... 5   1 comentarios Multiculturals in Multicultural Teams People are always saying diversity matters. As a powerful tool for creative work, culturally diverse groups are becoming increasingly common. However, simply assembling a multicultural team doesn't al... 5   3 comentarios In-depth Explanation Dimensions of Hofstede Hofstede gave five dimensions to help explain the culture of the country they can also be applied to organization with little modifications. The five dimensions are: 1. Small vs Big Power Distanc... 5   1 comentarios Seven Dimensions of Culture (Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner) Model of National Culture Differences. Fons Trompenaars is a Dutch author and consultant in the field of cross-cultural communication. His books include: Riding the Waves of Culture, Seven Cultur... 5   Croatia Cultural Analysis Has anyone done a cultural analysis on Croatia using Hofstede? Thanks... 4   The Value of Cultural Differences: what Matters? Cultural differences can be sources of value to the firm. But what differences matter? Management is about increasing shareholders' value, which can be very shortsighted as far as culture, not finance... 3   1 comentarios Cultural Dimensions in Management Styles Hofstede's 5 dimensions to me determine whether a society is masculine or feminine. Our management style is determined by which type of society in which we function; feminine or masculine. I may ... 1   2 comentarios

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