Growth Phases model
(Greiner)

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Adjusting the strategy and structure of organizations while they develop. Explanation of Growth Phases of Greiner. ('72)

What is the Growth Phases model? Description

The growth phases model of Larry E. Greiner suggests that organizations go through 5 (6) stages of growth and need appropriate strategies and structures to cope.  It is a descriptive framework that can be used to understand why certain management styles, organizational structures and coordination mechanisms work, and why some don't work at certain phases in the development of an organization. The 1972 Growth Phases model of Greiner describes five phases of organizational development and growth:

1. Growth through creativity. Start-up company, entrepreneurial, informal communication, hard work and low earnings. Ending by a leadership crisis.
2. Growth through direction. Sustained growth, functional organization structure, accounting, capital management, incentives, budgets, standardized processes. Ending by an autonomy crisis.
3. Growth through delegation. Decentralized organizational structure, operational and market level responsibility, profit centers, financial incentives, decision making is based on periodic reviews, top management acts by exception, formal communication. Ending by a control crisis. Compare: Centralization and Decentralization.
4. Growth through coordination and monitoring. Formation of product groups, thorough review of formal planning, centralization of support functions, corporate staff oversees coordination, corporate capital expenditures, accountability for ROI at product group level, motivation through lower-level profit sharing. Ending by a red tape crisis.
5. Growth through collaboration. New evolutionary path, team action for problem solving, cross-functional task teams, decentralized support staff, matrix organization, simplified control mechanisms, team behavior education programs, advanced information systems, team incentives. Ending by an internal growth crisis.

More recently Greiner added a sixth phase to his Growth Phases model:

6. Growth through extra-organizational solutions (mergers, holdings, networks of organizations)

Book: Larry E. Greiner - Power and Organization Development -

Growth Phases Special Interest Group Special Interest Group (473 members)

Growth Phases Forum   Recent topics   What are the Strategic Goals of Small Businesses? When assessing the goals and the success of an organization, such as when advising on the organization’s strategy, it is important to not only conside...           Growth Through Training and Development I think growth through training and development could also be added in this chart. Because you can give growth to any business or community throu...           Greiner Five Phases of growth 1. The Five(six) Phases of growth is a measure of influence of age and size on the organizational structure. The cycle may not necessarily be followed...           Examples of Companies in Revolutionary Periods What would be examples of companies currently going through a revolutionary period? Why?...           What Leadership Style is Required in Greiner's 6th Stage? What kind of leader (style) is preferable in the growth through alliances stage of the model by Greiner? Should it be someone who is inclined to teamw...           Input parameters for each phase of growth? Thinking about each phase of growth, what are the required parameters to be mandatorily considered as inputs to make the growth phase an absolute succ...           Internal and External Challenges After Having Established a Start Up Business… It is a great feeling to be a small business owner starting out on a great journey with endless opportunities. Every small business owner has dreams a...           Collaboration Elaborated? Can anyone give more information or guide me to books, articles that elaborate upon further steps than those mentined in the summary to be taken in th...           Alternative Forms of Organization Development Hi everyone.. Can anybody give me some ideas regarding alternative forms of organizational development. Please I tried everyway but hope to get...           Greiner Chart should be a Circle While reading about Greiner's Growth Phases model, I realized that after reaching phase 6, it's clearly impossible to increase a company value level o...           When Can We Call a Company a Multinational? Can anyone clear to me that in which situation we can say 'multinational' to acompany? What are the steps that a company goes to multinational?...           Add Learning and Innovation There must be one more step - Learning and Innovation - which will generate internal growth and will be similar to the other growth curves....           Limitations of the model by Greiner Given that the model has been shown in a continuous single line against time suggests that all the levels are at a higher level after each level. Inst...           Phase 6... Create Alliances And/or Rebuild Organization? Does management restructure the organization at this point and continue to move forward or will the rapid pace of technology lead to too much growth w...           Greiner vs. Mintzberg? What's the main difference with Mintzbergs model?...

Best Practices - Growth Phases   Growth of Communities Does this apply to community organizations as well, or are these growth phases only specified for business organizations?...           Is an Organizational Crisis a Must for Growth? It is typical for Greiner's thinking that the growth phases are seperated from each other by organizational crises. Without a crisis a firm can not en...           Length of Greiner Phases Is there any typical time frame for each phase?...           Organizational Death... A Taboo? Another approach is to take a broader and cyclic view and see an organization as a human or organism going through a full Organizational Life Cycle...

Expert Tips - Growth Phases   Critical Success Factors for 2nd Generation Succession Small Business Succession, Best Practices Often small businesses are transferred from one generation to another. This may continue for several...       How to Achieve Sustainable Growth? The Factors Determining Sustainable Growth A study conducted by Bain & Company revealed that only one out of seven companies is able to achieve...

Resources - Growth Phases The Nature and Complexity of Organizational Change Change Management, Organizational Change Presentation about organizational change. The presentation discusses and highlights the complexity a...   Greiner's Model of Organizational Growth Greiner, Growth, Stages of Growth, Phases of Growth, Organizational Change The growth phases model of Larry E. Greiner suggests that organizations go through different stages ...   Growth Phases Model Diagram Organizational Development Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business us...     News about Growth Phases         News about Organizational Growth         Videos about Growth Phases         Videos about Organizational Growth         Presentations about Growth Phases         Presentations about Organizational Growth         Books about Growth Phases         Books about Organizational Growth         More about Growth Phases         More about Organizational Growth

Compare with: Organization Chart  |  Mergers & Acquisitions  |  Competitive Advantage  |  Core Competence  |  Parenting Styles  |  Relative Value of Growth  |  BCG Matrix  |  Distinctive Capabilities  |  Organizational Configurations  |  Leveraged Buy-out

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