Systeemdynamiek
Systeemdenken

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Wat is Systems Thinking? Definitie

Systems Thinking is een aanpak voor het bestuderen en het managen van complexe feedback systemen, zoals men ze aantreft in bedrijven en andere sociale systemen. In feite is de aanpak gebruikt om praktisch elke soort van feedback system te beschrijven.

System Dynamics is min of meer het zelfde als Systems Thinking, maar benadrukt het gebruik van computersimulatie hulpmiddelen.

De term Systeem betekent een onderling afhankelijke groep dingen die een verenigd patroon vormen. Feedback (terugkoppeling) verwijst naar de situatie waarin X Y beïnvloedt, en Y op zijn beurt weer X. Misschien door een ketting van oorzaken en gevolgen. Men kan niet de link tussen X en Y en, onafhankelijk, de link tussen Y en X bestuderen, en voorspellen hoe het systeem zich zal gedragen. Slechts de studie van het gehele terugkoppelingssysteem zal leiden tot correcte resultaten.

Wat is System Dynamics?

System Dynamics is gebaseerd op Systems Thinking, maar neemt de extra stappen van het construeren en het testen van een computersimulatie model. Het veld van System Dynamics ontwikkelde zich aanvankelijk vanuit het boek „Industrial Dynamics“ van Jay W. Forrester.

Stappen in de System Dynamics methodologie

1. Identificeer een probleem,
2. Ontwikkel een dynamische hypothese die de oorzaak van het probleem verklaart,
3. Bouw een computersimulatie model van het systeem aan de wortel (kern) van het probleem,
4. Test het model om er zeker van te zijn dat het het gedrag reproduceert dat in de echte wereld wordt gezien,
5. Bedenk en test in het model alternatieve maatregelen die het probleem verminderen,
6. Voer de oplossing uit.

Vaak moeten deze stappen worden herzien en worden geverfenen, teruggaand naar een vroegere stap. Zo kan bijvoorbeeld het eerst geïdentificeerde probleem slechts een symptoom van een nog groter probleem zijn.

Typische toepassingen van System Dynamics

• strategie en corporate planning
• business proces ontwikkeling
• puibliek management en beleid
• biologische en medische modellering
• energie en het milieu
• theorie ontwikkeling in de natuurlijke en sociale wetenschappen
• dynamische besluitvorming
• complexe niet-lineaire dynamica

Boek: John Sterman -  Business Dynamics: Systems Thinking.

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