Culture Types (Культурные типы) (Deal и Kennedy)

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Culture Types (Культурные типы)? Описание

Deal Terrence и Allan Kennedy одними из первых начали писать о корпоративной культуре. В своей книге, выпущенной в 1982г. Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life (Корпоративные культуры: Обряды и ритуалы корпоративной жизни), они определяют организационную культуру как способ реализации поставленных задач.

Deal и Kennedy утверждают, что корпоративная культура основана на 6 взаимосвязанных компонентах: история, ценности и убеждения, ритуалы и церемонии, истории, выдающиехся деятелях и неформальной культурной сети рассказчиков, сплектников, шпионов и священников. Их модель Culture Types (Культурных типов) различает 4 вида корпоративных культур на основании 2 факторов:

• Оперативность обратной связи: Насколько быстро предоставляется обратная связь и вознаграждения (посредством которых определяется эффективность работы).
• Степень риска: Уровень принятия риска (степень неопределенности).

Сочетание этих 2 факторов формирует 4 вида корпоративных культур:

1. Культура "крутого мачо" (быстрая обратная связь и вознаграждение, высокая степень риска):
   • Напряжение исходит от высокой степени риска и большой вероятности уменьшения или увеличения вознаграждения.
   • Фокус на настоящий момент, индивидуализм превалирует над взаимодействием.
   • Типичные примеры: реклама, брокерство, спорт.
2. Культура целенаправленности (быстрая обратная связь и вознаграждение, малая степень риска):
   • Напряжение исходит от количества работы, а не неопределенности.
   • Фокус на быстродействии, высокий уровень энергии.
   • Типичные примеры: продажи, ресторанный бизнес, разработка и продажа программного обеспечения.
3. Процессуальная культура (медленная обратная связь и вознаграждение, малая степень риска):
   • Напряжение низкое, но может исходить от внутренней политики и непродуманности системы.
   • Фокус на деталях и процессуальном превосходстве.
   • Типичные примеры: бюрократия, банки, страховые компании, коммунальные услуги.
4. Культура "азартности" ( , ):
   • Напряжение исходит от высокой степени риска и задержки обратной связи по эффеткивности действий.
   • Фокус на долгосрочности, подготовке и планировании.
   • Типичные примеры: фармацевтические компании, авиационная отрасль, нефтедобывающие компании.

Книга: Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life (1982)

Книга: Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - The New Corporate Cultures (2000)

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Сравните с Culture Types (Культурные типы): Levels of Culture (Уровни культуры)  |  Changing Organization Cultures (Изменение организационных культур)  |  Cultural Dimensions (Культурные измерения)  |  Groupthink (Групповое мышление)  |  Core Group Theory (Теория центральной группы)  |  Contingency Theory (Теория обстоятельств)  |  Change Management Iceberg (Айсберг управления изменениями)  |  Change Phases (Фазы перемен)  |  Force Field Analysis (Анализ силового поля)  |  Planned Behavior (Запланированное поведение)  |  Leadership Continuum (Континуум лидерства)  |  Cultural Intelligence (Культурный интеллект)

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