Types de Culture (Deal et Kennedy)

Centre de Connaissances

Qu'est-ce que les Types de culture ? Description

Terrence Deal and Allan Kennedy ont été parmi le premiers à écrire au sujet de la culture d'entreprise. Dans leur livre de 1982"Corporate Cultures": Les rites et les rituels de la vie des Groupes, ils définissent la culture de l'organisation comme la manière de faire les choses ici.

Deal et Kennedy disent que la culture d'entreprise est basée sur l'imbrication de six éléments : histoire, valeurs et convictions, rituels et cérémonies, légendes, figures héroïques et le réseau culturel informel des conteurs, commères, chuchoteurs, espions et prêtres. Leur modèle de Types de culture distingue quatre types de culture d'entreprise, basés sur deux éléments :

• Vitesse du feedback : Avec quelle rapiditè les feedback et les récompenses sont-ils distribués (par quel moyen il leur est communiqué qu'ils font un bon ou mauvais travail).
• Degré de risque : Le niveau de prise de risque (degré d'incertitude).

De la combinaison de ces deux éléments, il en résulte quatre types de cultures d'entreprise :

1. Culture Macho du Coriace (feedback et récompense rapide, risque élevé) :
   • Le stress est dû au risque élevé et de la diminution ou de la hausse potentielle de la récompense.
   • Se concentre sur le présent, l'individualisme prévaut sur le travail d'équipe.
   • Exemples typiques : publicité, courtage, sports.
2. Culture Travailleur et Tenace (feedback et récompense rapides, risque faible) :
   • Le stress est dû à la quantité de travail plutôt qu'à lincertitude.
   • Se concentre sur l'action rapide, niveaux élevés d'énergie.
   • Exemples typiques : ventes, restaurants, entreprises de logiciels.
3. Culture de processus (feedback et récompense lents, risque faible) :
   • Le stress est généralement bas, mais il peut venir de la politique interne et de la stupidité du système.
   • Se concentre sur l'excellence des détails et du processus.
   • Exemples typiques : bureaucraties, banques, compagnies d'assurance, services publics.
4. Culture Risque Tout (feedback et récompense lents, risque élevé) :
   • Le stress est dû au risque élevé et au délai avant de savoir si les actions ont payé.
   • Se concentre sur le long terme, la préparation et la planification.
   • Exemples typiques : entreprises pharmaceutiques, avionneurs, entreprises de prospection de pétrole.

Livre : Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - Corporate Cultures: The Rites and Rituals of Corporate Life (1982) Les rites et les rituels de Life bureau-chef (1982)

Livre : Terrence E. Deal, Allan A. Kennedy - The New Corporate Cultures (2000)

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