Krishantering

Kunskapscenter

Självfallet hoppas inget företaget att behöva möta ”situationen som orsakar ett betydande affärsavbrott som stimulerar till en omfattande massmediatäckning” (krisen). Den offentliga ingående genomlysning, som är ett resultat av massmediatäckningen påverkar ofta de normala verksamheterna i företaget och kan ha/få finansiella (negativa), politiska, rättsliga och myndighets effekter. Betydande värde förstörelse är att frukta, speciellt när inte krisen behandlas väl i uppfattningen hos massmedia eller av de allmännas åsikter. Krishantering tar itu med att ge det rätta gensvaret på krisen (säkerhets-, strukturella- och ad-hoc).

Några allmänna råd och tips vid krishantering

1. Förbered katastrofplaner på förhand (krishanteringsgruppen och medlemmarna kan bildas inom mycket kort varsel, för att öva in kriser av olika slag),

2. Omgående och tydligt meddela internt att de enda personerna som får utttala sig om krisen till den yttre omvärlden är krisgruppens medlemmar),

3. Agera snabbt (de första timmarna, efter det första krisavbrottet är extremt viktiga, därför att massmedia ofta bygger på den informationen som kommer från de första timmarna)

4. Använd krishantering(-lednings) konsulter (rådgivning från objektiva PR-konsulter är viktigt, använd experter som är specialiserade på företagsimage/varumärke),

5. Ge säkerställd och korrekt information (kom ihåg att pröva att manipulera information kommer bara att allvarligt misslyckas, om det upptäcks, även internt!),

6. När  beslut om åtgärder skall tas, överväg inte bara de kortfristiga förlusterna, utan fokusera också på de långsiktiga effekterna.

Beslutsfattare på alla nivåer i organisationen är anställda till att klara av kriser och hamnar ofta till vardags också i denna typ av situationer. Deras färdigheter testas egentligen först när de måste klara av betydande kriser som har potential att avbryta eller drabba organisationens värdeskapande processer, inkomstkällorna, driftkostnaderna, aktiepriset, konkurrensläget och den dagliga affärsverksamheten. Jämför: Karismatiskt Ledarskap.
Den effektivaste krishanteringen uppstår, när potentiella kriser upptäckts och hanterats snabbt - före de kan få effekt på organisationens affärsverksamhet. Som i de fall när de aldrig kommer till kännedom för organisationens nyckelbeslutsfattare eller till allmänheten via massmedia.

Skapa en kontinuitetsplan för affärsverksamheten

I exempel där krisen redan har brutit ut, eller där det är ofrånkomligt att krisen kommer att få påverkan för organisationens nyckelbeslutsfattare, är en affärskontinuitetsplan till hjälp för att minimera avbrott och skadan. Att utveckla en sådan plan kan vid första anblicken verka som en avskräckande uppgift, men faktum är att det är ett förnuftigt dokument. Det gäller att identifiera de funktioner och processer som är kritiska för affärsverksamheten, och därefter designa och konstruera operationella och kommunicerbara katastrofplaner för att hantera de potentiella fel som en eller flera av dem kan drabbas av, samt hur nyckel- beslutsfattare skall reagera, när de upptäcker detta. En viktig beståndsdel som ibland förbises är att testa ut att affärskontinuitetsplaner fungerar i praktiken.
Företag som har affärskontinuitetsplaner är bättre rustade för att minimera att affärsverksamheten lider skada och att man drabbas finansiellt. En ytterliggare effekt av detta, är att beslutsfattare kan finna ut att processen för att utveckla dessa planer också kan ha en indirekt nytta. Deras organisationer är nu mer känsligare för att möjliga krissituationer som kan komma att uppstå och avbryta affärsverksamheten eller att påverka dess operationella utgifter, vinster och den allmänna tillväxten. Som ett resultat så reagerar nu deras chefer snabbare och effektivare för att stoppa dem.

Bok: Laurence Barton - Crisis in Organizations II

Bok: Steven Fink - Crisis Management: Planning for the Inevitable

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