Steg-Grind-modellen | Steg-Grind-metodiken | Steg-Grind-Process (Cooper)

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Vad är den Steg-Grind modellen? Beskrivning

Skede-Inträdesstegsmetoden från Robert G. Cooper är en approach som kan kan användas till att göra produktutvecklingsprocessen mera effektiv. Det är en planritning för styrning av en ny produktprocess. Från en idén till att lansera produkten. I ett antal förutbestämda steg/milstolpar eller skeden. Varje steg består av en uppsättning av bestämt tvärfunktionella och parallella aktiviteter som måste framgångsrikt ha avslutats före man kan erhålla ledningens godkännande för att få fortsätta till det nästa steget i produktutvecklingen. Ingången till varje skede kallas för : en grind. Dessa valideringsgrindar som normalt är möten, kontrollerar processen och tjänar som:

  1. Kvalitetskontroll
  2. Kör/Stopp kontrollpunkter. Färdigställande-kontroller, Kritiska Skall-kriterier och Bör-kriterier.
  3. Markör för handlingsplan för nästa fas.

Stage-Gate är ett registrerat varumärke från Product Development Institute Inc.


Ursprunget till Steg-Grind metodiken. Historia

Metoden baseras på erfarenheter, förslag och observationer från ett stort antal chefer och företag från över 60 fall som observerats av Robert Cooper. Termen ”Stage-Gate” visades först i en artikel av Cooper i en artikel gjord av Cooper i The Journal of Marketing Management, 3.3 Spring 1988. En ännu tidigare version kan hittas i Coopers bok: "Winning at New Products", 1986.


Användningen av steg-grind / Stage-Gate. Användningsområden

  • Produktutveckling, innovation.
  • Del av portföljhantering.

Stegen (steg) i Steg-grindmodellen. Process

Steg-Grind processen föregås av ett Discovery stage (upptäcktssteg), som lades till i en senare version av originalmodellen som endast hade fem olika faser. Den innehåller förarbetet som skapats för att upptäcka undersöka möjligheter och till att genera nya idéer.

  1. Planläggningsöversikt. En snabb preliminär utredning av varje projekt. Tillhandahåller billig information typ skrivbordsforskning för att möjliggöra och att begränsa antal projekt.
  2. Bygg affärskalkylsunderlag . En mycket specificerad utredning primärt från marknadsförings- och teknisk forskning. Affärskalkylen måste inkludera en produktdefinition, en produktmotivering och en projektplan.
  3. Utveckling. En specificerad design och utveckling för den nya produkten tillsammans med någon enkel produkttest. Man utvecklar också en produktionsplan och en marknadslanseringsplan.
  4. Test och godkännande. Omfattande produkttest både på marknadsplatsen, labbet och i fabriken.
  5. Lansering. Påbörjandet på en full produktionstakt, marknadsföring och försäljning. Marknadslansering, produktion/verksamheter, distribution, kvalitetsförsäkring. Efterlanseringsgranskningar utförs.

I verkligheten är det nödvändigt att borra djupare in i underaktiviteter för att erbjuda specificerade och operativa anvisningar för innovationslaget.


Robert G. Coopers Steg-Grind modell

Styrkor med Steg-grindmetodiken. Fördelar

  • Välorganiserad innovation kan vara en källa till konkurrensfördel.
  • Accelererad produktutveckling. Nödvändigt på grund av kortare produktlivscykler.
  • Ökande framgångschans till nya produkter. Förhindrar svaga projekt tidigt och hjälper till att omdirigera dem.
  • Modellen bryter ned den komplexa innovationprocessen i stora företag till ett mindre antal delar.
  • Erbjuder en översikt, som möjliggör prioritering och fokus.
  • Integrerad marknadsorientering.
  • Tvärfunktionellt. Berör indata och deltagande av anställda från olika funktioner i organisationen. Inget särskiljat FoU- eller Marknadsföring steg. Men se bilden ovan Discover (Upptäcka).
  • Kan kombineras med olika resultatmätetal, liksom avkastningsvärde, etc.

Begränsningar med Steg-grindmetodiken. Nackdelar

  • Även om aktiviteter inom ett steg kan utföras parallellt, så är Steg-Grind tillvägagångssättet i verkligheten sekventiellt (typ vattenfallsmetoden inom IT). Några innovationsexperter tror att produktutveckling bör faktiskt organiseras parallellt, genom att man använder loopar.
  • Den ursprungliga Steg-Grind ramverket hanterade inte Discover (Upptäcka) processen och aktiviteter för att skapa nya idéer.
  • Det finns en spänning mellan organisation och kreativitet. Båda är mycket viktiga inom innovation.

Bok: Robert G. Cooper - Product Leadership - Pathways to Profitable Innovation


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Jämför Steg-Grind modellen med: Glömma, Låna och Lära Ramverk  |  Portföljhantering  |  DICE Ramverk BCG  |  Team Management Profilen, Teamkomposition  |  Uppskattande Undersökningsmetodik Cooperrider  |  Idékläckning (Brainstorming)  |  Sex Tänkhattar  |  Produktlivscykler (Produktlivscykel)


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