Disruptive Innovation[颠覆性创新]
(Christensen)

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什么是颠覆性创新（Disruptive Innovation）？ 释义

Clayton Christensen的颠覆性创新理论旨在描述新技术（革命性变革）对公司存在的影响。 1997年，Clayton Christensen 在《创新者的困境：当新技术使大公司破产》（The Innovator's Dilemma：When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail）一书中， 首次提出了“颠覆性技术（Disruptive Technologies）”一词。
他说，反复的事实让我们看到，那些由于新的消费供给范式的出现而“亡”的公司企业，本应该对颠覆性技术有所预见，但去无动于衷，直至为时已晚。

只专注于他们认为该做的事情，如服务于最有利可图的顾客，聚焦边际利润最诱人的产品项目，那些大公司的领导者一直在走一条持续创新的道路，而恰是这一经营路线，为颠覆性新技术埋葬他们敞开了大门。 这一悲剧之所以发生，是因为现有公司资源配置流程的设计总是以可持续创新、实现利润最大化为导向的，这一设计思想最为关注的是现有顾客以及被证明了的市场面。 然而，一旦颠覆性创新出现（它是市场上现有产品更为便宜、更为方便的替代品，它直接锁定低端消费者或者产生全然一新的消费群体），现有企业便立马瘫痪。 为此，他们采取的应对措施往往是转向高端市场，而不是积极防御这些新技术、固守低端市场，然而，颠覆性创新不断发展进步，一步步蚕食传统企业的市场份额，最终取代传统产品的统治地位。

创新类型

公司在寻求新的增长业务时，往往有两种选择。 一种选择是，通过持续创新（Sustaining Innovation），从市场领导者手中抢夺现有市场。 另一种选择是，通过Disruptive Innovation[颠覆性创新]或者开辟新的市场，或者扎根于那些现有产品的最差顾客群。

颠覆性创新又有两个类型。 第一个类型是通过锁定现有产品没有服务到的顾客群体从而产生新的市场。 第二种类型是竞争现有产品市场上的低端消费者。
 

颠覆性创新理论起源。 历史

Christensen在哈佛所做的研究工作。

颠覆性创新法的运用。 应用

• 各行各业、各种企业 ——因为它们都会被科技创新/变革所影响。

颠覆性创新的步骤。 流程

• 根据颠覆性创新模型，当现有市场顾客的需求表现不断提高时，为满足这一需求的技术范式表现也随之提高。 通常，技术范式表现与顾客需求表现的提高过程是两个不同的轨线（参见右图）。 当两条轨线的倾斜程度不一致、技术范式轨线超过了顾客需求轨线的时候，就意味着原本活跃于非主流次级市场上新技术要开始向其他顾客群落迁徙了。 这就为变革者们提供了手段去满足新的顾客，这些顾客在过去可一直没有把他们的供给放在眼里，认为他们的产品、服务是非主流的、不符标准的。 同时，在现有市场上，他们的产品表现也被认为比传统技术范式的供给更有价值、与顾客需求更直接相关。
• 颠覆性创新与大众普及化（Commodilization）携手并进 如果一个公司将其产品性能表现提升到超过顾客需求表现的程度，并使得顾客不得不为超标性能额外付出，那么这些在创新变革上做过了头的公司，也是不可能赢得市场的。 其结果要么是颠覆性创新产品抢走市场，要么就是被大众普及化产品压榨利润。 当某一行业遭受颠覆性创新浪潮的冲击时，价值链上产生利润的环节随着时间变化也在迁徙。 当一切发生时，如果某一公司能够将自己定位于价值链上原本表现不佳的环节，它必然将实现盈利。

颠覆性创新的局限。 缺点

• 颠覆性创新要求一个截然分开、另起炉灶的战略流程。 这一流程既不能是计划好的，也不能专注于对现有问题的提高改进，它必须是突然发生的，并专注于那些意料不到的机会、问题与成功可能。
• 尽管产品、服务的创新设计不以满足当前消费者的当前消费需求为目标，但消费者的潜在需求确实应该考虑进来。 但是，了解人们的真实需求远非易事。
• 基于颠覆性创新]面向新市场、面向低端现有市场的属性，它不可能很快实现大幅盈利。 不幸的是，风险投资人现在是越来越急不可待地要看到利润。

颠覆性创新的假定。 条件

公司冒险做出决定，有意忽略那些对现有顾客需求没有帮助的技术。当两条表现轨线相接时，这种公司注定要灭亡。

参考书： Clayton M. Christensen - The Innovator's Dilemma

参考书： Clayton M. Christensen - The Innovator's Solution

参考书： Clayton M. Christensen - Seeing What's Next 

论坛 关于以下内容的论坛讨论：颠覆性创新。您可以在下方提出有关此主题的问题、分享您的经验、报告新的发展或解释一些事情。 开始一个新的论坛主题关于颠覆性创新 在这里分享您的知识（或提出问题）   🔥 新 破坏性创新 根据Christensen对Disruptive Innovation的解释，主要强调对原有市场和企业的破坏，翻译成“破坏性创新”，在中文上与原英文比较对等。... 3   Disruptive Change and HR Innovation is necessary and mandatory for a firm to be competitive in the current operating business environment. However, when introducing new ideas of doing business, new technology to support the ... 14   1条评论 WHAT is Being Innovated? The 4 Ps of Innovation There are actually 4 things or objects that one can innovate: PR... 11   Timing is Important to Make an Innovative Idea Disruptive America had to be discovered more than once, until it really had been discovered. The Apple Newton was a superior answer to a question that people did not bother at that time. Likewise, Kodak invente... 9   10条评论 Leadership and Taking Action Don't forget the important point of taking action after all the theorising! Sometimes I think it's more down to the leadership of the company. 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最佳实践 关于颠覆性创新的最高评价的讨论主题。在这里你会找到最有价值的思路和切实可行的建议。 🥇 Innovation Strategy: The Three Horizons of Growth (McKinsey) One of ways of thinking about innovation strategy is to use the 3 Horizons of Growth developed by Steve Coley at McKinsey. The framework provides a useful mold to formulate an organization's product ... 56   52条评论 🥈 The Jobs to be Done Approach (JTBD) and Disruptive Innovation BACKGROUND The Theory of Disruptive Innovation helps companies capture opportunities and understand threats coming from their external environment. In particular for and from innovative entrepreneuri... 28   13条评论 🥉 Disruptive versus Incremental Innovation Typically, Incremental Innovation exploits existing forms or technologies... Improves upon something that already exists or reconfigures an existing form or technology to serve some other purpose... I... 27   13条评论 Disruptive Innovation: Product versus Platform DISRUPTIVE PLATFORMS often have a bigger impact than disruptive products. Some examples: Uber owns no vehicle, but is now the largest taxi company in the world. Alibaba has no inventory, but i... 25   14条评论 Strategic Options for Old-Technology Firms What should be the strategic response of old-technology firms when a promising new technology shows up? Typically firms respond by either 1. Fighting the new technology, or 2. Trying to make a tran... 22   7条评论 Tips for Innovation Strategy As a part of corporate success factor development process, we have found a need to build up an "Innovation Strategy". Can anybody give good hints or examples of what to or not to take into considerati... 20   10条评论 Impact of the New Technology Our countries are not concerned by this issue because not developed. We are only getting negative impacts due to this technology development. However, I can add that theses negative impacts concern n... 20   1条评论 Typical Disruptive Technologies It is important that business and policy leaders understand which technologies might matter to them and prepare accordingly. But which technologies could drive truly massive economic transformations a... 16   How can Incumbents Respond to Disruptors? The challenges to incumbent majors across industries have come mainly from low-cost competitors and from dotcoms (e.g. british Airways and KLM versus EasyJet and Ryanair, Merrill Lynch versus Charles ... 15   3条评论 How to Develop Disruptive Innovation Skills? I believe disruptive innovation skills can be mostly taught. Beyond the associative skills which is cognitive, the other behavioral skills required to be a true innovator are discovery skills - quest... 15   4条评论 Diversity of Perspective is Key to Disruptive Innovation �All new ideas are combinations of old ideas, but not all idea combinations are created equal,� writes Frans Johannsen. An HBR article by Johansson tells how Mick Pearce designed the Eastgate offic... 14   9条评论 How to Find Innovative Ideas? From Analogous Markets... When trying to find innovative ideas for your organization, several studies have revealed that it is highly valuable to access expertise from outside your area of expertise. This is - according to Fra... 11   3条评论 How to Sustain Disruptive Innovation? After gaining entry into some (new) market segment through disruptive innovation, how do you SUSTAIN your position and growth... Does that require other cycles of disruptive innovation, or will regul... 10   26条评论 Ways to Incorporate Disruptive Innovation as Part of the Management Agenda A few days ago I was in a conversation with Adam Hartung, who observed brand managers are constrained, as a matter of practicality, to focusing exclusively on sustaining innovation. They normally don�... 7   14条评论 Is Cirque du Soleil the iPhone or the Seiko of Circus? An article about the Cirque du Soleil I recently read made me wonder whether we should think of Cirque du Soleil as the iPhone or the Seiko of Circus� Let�s take a look first at the difference betw... 7   6条评论 The Hybrid Innovation Approach to Manage Technological Disruptions Companies need to carefully think about the timing and way to adopt technological disruptions. Adopting technological disruption too late can squander competitive advantages, but adopting it too early... 5   5条评论

专家提示 关于Disruptive Innovation（英语）的高级见解。在这里，您将找到专家的专业建议。 Innovation Pitfalls Avoiding Innovation Traps Harvard Professor R. Moss Kanter describes 4 common innovation mistakes and corresponding remedies (HBR Nov 2006): 1. S... How to Find Good Product Ideas? List of 10 Approaches Discovering New-Product Ideas, Creative Approaches In his book �Product Leadership: Creating and Launching Superior New Products�, Robert Cooper suggests following ten way... Challenging the Existing Strategic Logic Finding New Markets A tool by Kim and Mauborgne is the "Four Actions Framework". This Four Actions Framework can be used to challenge the ex... The Simple-Cheap-Convenient Approach Addressing the Unmet Needs of Customers Based on Christensen�s model of disruptive innovation, Norton and Pine argue that experience innovation can effectively ... Distinguish Disruptive Technology Innovation From Disruptive Marketing Innovation! 2 Distinct Capabilities... It is necessary to distinguish between disruptive technology innovation and disruptive marketing innovation, since ther... How to Detect Consumer Needs that are Unmet? Product Innovation, New Product Development, Innovation Strategy In their article New Business Models in Emerging Markets" (Harvard Business Review, January-February 2011), Matthew J. E... Recent Innovation Trends | New Innovation Types Open innovation, User Innovation, Value Innovation, Bottom-up Innovation Roland Bel (2012) outlines and explains four types of innovations that have become more and more important since the las... Key Challenges of Internet Age for Management and for Product and Service Development R&D, Product Development, Service Development, Strategy, Marketing, Innovation, Visioning The Internet age represents a huge challenge for most businesses. Why? Because the Internet, wireless devices such as m... How to Think Differently in Innovation? How to Be Innovative, Innovative Thinking Strategy is always related with risk, due to market volatility. Also today�s volatility is increasing very fast. So inno... How to Design Experiments to Support Decision-making on Strategic Innovations Strategic Innovation, Strategic Decision-making, Strategic Experimenting, Experiments, Strategic Testing, Innovation Tes The probability of success of a major innovation is difficult to assess. Statistics and other datasets only provide info... Classes of Innovation | Sources of Innovation Innovation, Creativity, Organizational Innovativeness, Lateral Thinking, Out of the Box Thinking, Blue Ocean Strategy TWO CLASSES OF INNOVATION Innovation can be triggered or enabled by two broad classes: KNOWLEDGE PUSH: Innovation trig... How to Lead an Innovation Team Best Practices, Innovation Team Management In order to become a great innovation team leader, Ram Charan suggests in the article "P&G's Innovation Culture" (strate... Creating Organizations to Produce Breakthrough Innovations Best Practices, Critical Factors, Creating an Organization to lead Radical Innovation Since 50 years, the Pentagon�s Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) has been very successful in producing a... Innovating by Reconsidering Value Delivery Fundamental Innovation When innovating their business model, companies need to reconsider their value proposition from all perspectives. One of... Three Critical Capabilities in Developing a Strategic Corporate Disruptive Innovation Competence (Disruptive) Innovation Competence, Strategic Innovation Capability, Corporate Strategy, Innovation Leadership Skarzynski and Rufat-Latre (2011) discovered that the successes of disruptive innovators are driven by 3 critical capabi... Big-Bang Disruption Technological Innovation BBD is a term coined by Accenture gurus Larry Drownes and Paul F. Numes. Technological innovation lately started out fr... What Makes a Company Innovative? Innovation Best Practices, R&D Best Practices, Corporate Innovation A futurethink 2006 Innovation Tracker Survey mentions: - Ability to create a climate that continuously fosters innovat... Why Large Firms are Having Difficulties to Deal with Disruptive Innovations Innovation Management Christensen explains why many firms, especially large firms, have trouble with adapting and thus with surviving when dea... Predecessor of Christensen Technology-driven Change Theory The theory of Disruptive Innovation was actually not created by Christensen. It was described by Thomas Hugues, MIT Pres... How BOP Countries Can Disrupt Western Markets Disruptive Innovation, Bottom of the Pyramid, Country-level Strategy After the Second World War, Japan started to develop fast as a result of their disruptive innovation strategy. This disr... Designing Complex Products or Systems Through Iterative Rapid-cycle Prototyping Design Thinking, Disruptive Innovation, Blue Ocean Strategy, Introducing Complex Systems, Co-Creation Today, organizations are increasingly developing and designing new and complex products or systems. In other words, the ... Misunderstandings on the Concept of Disruptive Innovations Technology Innovation In their paper �A Reflective Review of Disruptive Innovation Theory�, the authors mention three misunderstandings on the... Why Some Technology Revolutions Take Off and Others Don't Adoption of New Technologies Back in 1962, Thomas Kuhn wrote �Structure of Scientific Revolutions�, in which he suggested that the entrenched interes... Geographic Dimension to Explain Disruptive Innovation in Emerging Countries Disruptive Innovation in Emerging Countries In the past, it was generally thought that the Western countries were the main sources of innovation while developing co...

信息来源 有关颠覆性创新的各种信息来源。在这里，您将找到Powerpoint，视频，新闻等可用于您自己的讲座和讲习班。 Asymmetric Innovation Challenger or latecomer firms Presentation by Chris Wu on Asymmetric Innovation. The core concept of his new book steps from Clayton's Innovator's Sol... Disruptive Technologies Emergence of Competition Ron Adner and Peter B. Zemsky formalize the phenomenon of disruptive technologies that initially serve isolated market n... Introduction to Innovation and Disruptive Technologies Innovation Management, Innovation Strategy This presentations is an introduction into the concepts of Innovations and Disruptive Technologies. The following sectio... Explained: How can Innovative Players Beat Large, Established Firms? Disruptive Innovation, Innovation Strategy, Competition, Innovators Dilemma, Market Segmentation, Sustaining Innovation How is it possible that small entrants with limited resources can successfully compete with large, established firms tha... Prof. Clay Christensen Explains Disruptive Innovation Innovation Strategy, Strategic Marketing, Research and Development, Strategic Vision According to Professor Clay Christensen, a "disruptive innovation" is NOT a breakthrough innovation that makes good prod... Design Thinking for Innovation Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Design Thinking, CSR, Social Entrepreneurship, Social Innovation This presentation is about design thinking and the connection to social entrepreneurship. The presentation includes the ... Disruptive Innovation: Why Market Leaders Fail Disruptive Innovation, Innovation Strategy, Strategic Innovation, Product Development, Disruptive Technology In this animated video Prof. Robert Perrons explains Prof. Clayton Christensen`s Theory of Disruptive Technologies and h... Strategic Innovation Leadership Leadership, Strategic Leadership, Innovation Management Presentation about Strategic Innovation Leadership that includes the following sections: 1. Strategic Innovation Leader... Distinctive vs. Dynamic Capabilities Inside-out Business Strategy In this presentation it is about Distinctive Capabilities and Dynamic Capabilities. Distinctive Capabilities are present... Disruptive Innovation Diagram Innovation Management Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ...

研究链接 自动跳入有关以下内容的其他有用资源颠覆性创新。 新闻 视频 简报   书比人好 学术的 更多

比较：  Product Life Cycle[产品生命周期]  |  Twelve Principles of the Network Economy[网络经济12法则]  |  Bass Diffusion Model[巴斯扩散模型]  |  Ten Schools of Thought[战略思想十大流派]  |  Blue Ocean Strategy[蓝海战略]  |  Positioning[定位]  |  Innovation Adoption Curve[创新采用曲线]  |  Marketing Mix[营销组合]  |  Forget Borrow Learn[遗忘借用学习法]  |  Trajectories of Industry Change[产业变革轨迹]  |  Co-Creation[共同创造]  |  Three Dimensional Business Definition[三维商业定义]

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