Extended Marketing Mix
(7-Ps)

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Explanation of Extended Marketing Mix (7-Ps) of Booms and Bitner.

The 7-Ps or Extended Marketing Mix of Booms and Bitner is a Marketing Strategy tool that expands the number of controllable variables from the four in the original Marketing Mix Model to seven.

Usage of the Extended Marketing Mix

The traditional Marketing Mix model was primarily directed and useful for tangible products. The 7-Ps model is more useful for services industries and arguably also for knowledge-intensive environments.

3 extra P's

Booms and Bitner's have added the following 3 additional Ps to the original Marketing Mix:

5. People: All people that are directly or indirectly involved in the consumption of a service are an important part of the Extended Marketing Mix. Knowledge workers, employees, management and consumers often add significant value to the total product or service offering.
6. Process: Procedure, mechanisms and flow of activities by which services are consumed (customer management processes) are an essential element of the marketing strategy.
7. Physical Evidence: The ability and environment in which the service is delivered. Both tangible goods that help to communicate and perform the service, and the intangible experience of existing customers and the ability of the business to relay that customer satisfaction to potential customers.

The first two more Ps are explicit (People, Process) and the third one (Physical Evidence) is an implicit factor.

Booms and Bitner also suggest that Place in a service-oriented company includes the accessibility of the service, and that Promotion in a service-oriented company includes the input of front-line service personnel.

Book: Nirmalya Kumar - Marketing As Strategy -

Book: David A. Aaker - Strategic Marketing Management -

Extended Marketing Mix Forum   Service-Dominant Logic of Marketing Service-Dominant Logic is a new logic in marketing in which a service view substitutes the historic goods view. Service-Dominant (S-D) Logic is a mindset for a unified understanding of the purpose and nature of organizations, markets and society...           Extra Marketing Mix P: Power Physical Power acquired by a company from one of its resources can not be overlooked as a strong P....           Use only P's that can be Controlled / Influenced! Please, when deciding on any P in the marketing mix, it is key to remind marketers to focus on the ability to control the P. Perception is not controllable, but may be influenced by package, product quality, the behavior of an organization, etc....           Extra Marketing Mix P: Planning An extra P that should be considered is Planning. Planning is involved in each step of the 4P 's or 7P's......           Extra Marketing Mix P - Publicity Publicity and public relations will also be an extra P in the present day scenario as this will get more professionalised. Corporate image building etc has to be enhanced to attract customers....           7 P's or Sustainable Competitive Advantage Maybe we should just be focusing on the things that give our organisations sustainable competitive advantage. This could be anything the organisation has, has access to or that is happening within the organisation. We also should be careful that we d...           Extra Marketing Mix P - Politics This P's has grt power and influences the very basics of marketing..What say?...           Extra Marketing Mix P - Performance I think that performance is the only criteria for judgement pertaining to success or failure. The product performance can be encapsulated on the content of how much value satisfaction is being derived out of that. The greater the performance, the gre...           Extra Marketing Mix P - Programming I think at this age of globalization, where we use software for any specific objectives, programming can be an effective 10th P in the Marketing Mix....           Extra Marketing Mix P: Patience I think in service industry patience is utmost important, because whatever organisation is offering they are intangible things and if it failes to perform (which is often the case), buyer and seller both needs Patience....           Extra Marketing Mix P: Positioning We should add another P: Positioning......           Alternate 7 Ps instead of Those of the Extended Marketing Mix Proper Prior Planning and Preparation Prevents Poor Performance......           What about Customers?? Sometimes I think marketers can get too hanged up with theories, that we forget the ' Customer Experience'. Though it doesn't start with a "P" per say but essentially they are the core of the Marketing Mix....           Marketing Mix - when to choose what?? I think the whole process of marketing revolves around these 7 Ps, but what is more important is to analyze the internal and external environments, your strengths and weaknesses, and then prioritize how you wish to focus on each P. But needless to me...           Extra Marketing Mix P - Principles There is a basic misunderstanding by some of the commentators. The Ps are internal factors in control of the business and an error in one of them can cause failure of the whole mix. For example get the right product, right price, right promotion, rig...           Extra Marketing Mix P - Product Innovation To be successful in the market,every company should concentrate on Product Innovation that best suit the customers. Many companies are spending a huge sum in new innovation....         Begin a new topic

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Best Practices - Extended Marketing Mix Premium   From 7 P's to 7 C's of Marketing Anyone who has taken a marketing course learned about the 4Ps and later 7Ps of Marketing. They are Place, Price, Promotion, Product. Later People, Physical Evidence and Process were added. However, there is no doubt that recently the marketplace...           Is the Customer Always Right? 1. The customer is always right. 2. The customer comes second. Which position do you agree with? Why?...           Which Marketing Mix P is most Important? Prioritising the 7 P's... Could someone please prioritise the 7 P's for me in order of importance?...           When Should we Use the Extended Marketing Mix (7Ps) instead of the Traditional Marketing Mix (4Ps)? Basically you could just go away with the 4Ps even when it comes to the services, however just having those 7Ps in mind is a good idea, but its not really something to focus on. The Physical Evidence falls into the Place, since there are no real...           Extra Marketing Mix P - Packaging Another P should be added - Packaging. The rationale is that it is very important how the product is presented to the customer, and the packaging is often the first contact that a customer has with a product....           What is Physical Evidence in Extended Marketing Mix? I've read and re-read the meaning of Physical Evidence but it's still gobbledigook. "The ability and environment in which the service is delivered": Who can give some further explanation and examples? Thanks......

Expert Tips - Extended Marketing Mix Premium   How to Determine the Right PRICING? One of the 4 P's is Pricing. To help managers find the right price for a product/service, Kim and Mauborgne have developed a tool called the Price ... Usage (application): Steps to Strategic Pricing       The Most Complete Marketing Mix The 'Total Marketing Mix' includes 4Ps, 4Cs,4As and 4Os: 4Ps: Product, Price, Promotion and Place 4Cs: Customer needs, Cost to user, ... Usage (application): Marketing, Strategy, Marketing Mix       3 Communication Phases in Providing Services Three main communication phases can be distinguished in which a service provider communicates with his customers. 1: Pre-consumption phase... Usage (application): Services Management       What Types of Marketing Organizations Exist? Booz Allen identified 6 types of marketing organizations (May 29 2006 of Brandweek): 1. Marketing Masters: authority to coordinate with major bus... Usage (application): Best Practices to Consider       Don't Forget Internal Marketing Besides external marketing, dealing with the image, look and view how customers see or define your organization, internal marketing of y... Usage (application): Involving your Employees, Internal Marketing Best Practices       Additional 8th P of the Extended Marketing Mix Some practitioners and academics are suggesting a potential 8th P of marketing, although the opinions, which additional P should be included, differ s... Usage (application): Marketing

Resources - Extended Marketing Mix Premium A Service-Oriented View on Marketing Presentation about a service-dominant logic mindset in marketing, including the following sections: 1. Getting the logic right 2. Goods-Domi... Usage (application): Service-Dominant Logic, Perspectives on Marketing   Consumer Behavior in the Service Sector Presentation about consumer behavior in services. The presentation includes the following files: 1. Consumer Problems 2. Search, Experience ... Usage (application): Decision Making, Behavioral Economics   Product Packaging In-depth presentation about packaging and sustainable packaging. The presentation is very extensive and uses head sections that are further subdivided... Usage (application): Marketing, Sustainable Business, Environmental Sustainability, Packaging   Services Marketing Comprehensive presentation on service marketing by Aziz Seyid. Includes Intro-features and characteristics, Consumer Behaviour and STP, Services ... Usage (application): Marketing Services   Introduction to Services Marketing This presentation is about marketing in the services sector, emphasizing the travel and tourism sectors. It includes the following sections: 1. S... Usage (application): Services Marketing, Service Sector Marketing, Hospitality Services   Introduction and Summary of the 7P's One by one explanation of each of the 7P's: 1. Product 2. Price 3. Place 4. Promotion 5. People 6. Process 7. Physi... Usage (application): Initial Understanding of the 7P's, Trainings, Workshops   Mindmap of Extended Marketing Mix Mindmap of Extended Marketing Mix.... Usage (application): Summary     News 7ps Marketing         News Extended Marketing Mix         Videos 7ps Marketing         Videos Extended Marketing Mix         Presentations 7ps Marketing         Presentations Extended Marketing Mix         More 7ps Marketing         More Extended Marketing Mix

Compare with the Extended Marketing Mix (7-Ps): Marketing Mix (4-Ps)  |  Relationship Marketing  |  Ansoff  |  Porter  |  BCG Matrix  |  Positioning  |  Co-Creation  |  3C's  |  4S Web Marketing Mix

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