Six Thinking Hats
(de Bono)

Centro de Conhecimento




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Resumo

Six Thinking Hats - de BonoA técnica de Six Thinking Hats de Edward de Bono é um modelo que possa ser usado explorando perspectives diferentes para uma situação ou um desafio complexo. Ver coisas em várias maneiras é frequentemente uma idéia boa na formação da estratégia ou em processos de tomada de decisão complexos.


A técnica de STH é projetada ajudar deliberadamente a indivíduos explorar uma variedade dos perspectives em um assunto que possa ser muito diferente de esse que puderam o mais naturalmente supor. Em desgastar um chapéu pensando particular, os povos jogam os papéis, ou “como se” eles mesmos em um perspective particular. Por exemplo, um podia jogar o advogado de diabo, mesmo se somente para a causa de gerar a discussão. A finalidade do advocacy do diabo é desafiar deliberadamente uma idéia: seja crítico, procure o que é errado com ele.

Cada um dos chapéus é nomeado para uma cor que seja mnemonically descritiva do perspective um adote ao desgastar o chapéu particular. Por exemplo o advocacy do diabo é o que um acopla ao desgastar o chapéu pensando preto.


Os seis chapéus

  • (Observador) papel branco branco; Neutro; focalize na informação disponível, FATOS objetivos, o que é needed, como pode ser obtido

  • (Self, outro) fogo vermelho, calor; EMOÇÕES, SENTIMENTOS, intuition, hunches; vistas atuais sem explanação, justificação

  • Juiz Stern do preto (Self, outro) que desgasta a veste preta; judgmental; crítico; porque algo é errado; Vista NEGATIVA LÓGICA.

  • Luz do sol do amarelo (Self, outro); optimism; Vista POSITIVA LÓGICA; procura benefícios, o que é bom.

  • Vegetação do verde (Self, outro); Pensar CREATIVO; possibilidades e hipóteses; idéias novas

  • Céu azul (do observador); fresco; vista geral; CONTROLE do PROCESSO, ETAPAS, OUTROS CHAPÉUS; presidente, organizer; pensar sobre pensar

Os chapéus de de Bono são indicativos de ambos os estados emocionais as well as frames da mente (isto é, o perspective de que uma edição é vista). Anotou: As “emoções são uma parte essencial de nossa abilidade pensando e não apenas algo extremamente que os mucks levantem nosso pensar” (1985, p27). Um estilo pensando (ou o chapéu) não são inerente “melhor” do que outro. Uma equipe cheia, equilibrada reconhece a necessidade para todos os chapéus para que a equipe considerar todos os aspectos de o que edições estão enfrentando.


Benefícios principais do método de Six Thinking Hats

  1. Reserve para dizer coisas sem risco. Muito forte em impedir Spiral of Silence.
  2. Criar a consciência que há uns perspectives múltiplos na edição na mão
  3. Mecanismo conveniente para “switching gears”
  4. Réguas para o jogo de pensar
  5. Pensar do foco
  6. Conduza a pensar mais creativo
  7. Melhore uma comunicação
  8. Melhore a tomada de decisão

Usando os seis chapéus

Em a maioria de contextos do grupo, os indivíduos tendem à sensação confinada adotar consistentemente um perspective específico (optimistic, pessimistic, objetivo, etc.). Isto limita as maneiras e a extensão a que cada um individual e assim o grupo ao todo pode explorar uma edição. Com Six Thinking Hats, um é limitado já não a um único perspective em one pensar. Os chapéus são categorias de comportamento pensando e não dos povos eles mesmos. A finalidade dos chapéus é dirigir pensar, não classificar pensar ou o thinker. Certamente, desgastando um chapéu que seja diferente de esse que um desgasta habitualmente, se pode chance em cima de uma variedade de idéias novas. Desgastar um chapéu significa deliberadamente o adotar um perspective que não seja necessariamente one próprio. É importante que todos os membros do grupo estão cientes deste fato. Um membro do grupo deve claramente identificar a cor do chapéu que está desgastando ao fazer uma indicação. Desgastar um chapéu claramente identificado separa o ego do performance. O método de seis chapéus é útil mesmo para pensar de indivíduos por se.


Etapas típicas em uma oficina de seis chapéus. Processo

Os chapéus podem ser usados em alguma seqüência estruturada dependendo da natureza da edição. Está aqui uma agenda do exemplo para uma oficina típica de 6 chapéus:

Etapa 1: Apresente os fatos do caso (o chapéu branco)
Etapa 2: Gere idéias em como o caso poderia ser segurado (o chapéu verde)
Etapa 3: Avalíe os méritos das idéias - aliste os benefícios (chapéu amarelo), aliste os inconvenientes (chapéu preto)
Etapa 4: Comece a todos o pressentimento sobre as alternativas (o chapéu vermelho)
Etapa 5: Sumarie e adjourn a reunião (o chapéu azul)
 


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