Sei Cappelli di Pensiero
(de Bono)

Centro di Conoscenza

La tecnica di Six Thinking Hats di Edward de Bono è un modello che può essere usato per esplorare prospettive differenti verso una situazione o una sfida complessa. Vedere le cose in vari modi è spesso una buona idea, utile sia nella formazione della strategia che nei processi decisionali complessi.

La tecnica di STH è destinata ad aiutare gli individui ad esplorare deliberatamente una varietà di prospettive su un oggetto, che potrebbero essere molto diverse da quelle che comprenderebbero in una situazione naturale. Nel portare un metaforico cappello di pensiero, le persone svolgono dei ruoli, o "si immedesimano" essi stessi in una prospettiva particolare. Per esempio, uno può fare l'avvocato del diavolo, anche se lo fa solamente per generare discussioni. Lo scopo dell'avvocatura del diavolo è quella di sfidare deliberatamente un'idea: siate critici, cercate di capire sempre cosa c'è di sbagliato.

Ciascuno dei Cappelli è chiamato con il nome di un colore che è mnemonicamente descrittivo della prospettiva adottata quando si porta quel cappello in particolare. Per esempio l'avvocatura del diavolo è quella che intraprendiamo quando portiamo il Cappello di Pensiero Nero.

I sei cappelli

• Bianco (Osservatore) Carta bianca; Neutro; focalizzato sulle informazioni disponibili, i FATTI obiettivi, quello che è necessario, come può essere ottenuto

• Rosso (Ego, Altro) Fuoco, calore; EMOZIONI, SENSAZIONI, intuizione, presentimenti; visioni attuali senza spiegazioni, giustificazioni

• Nero (Ego, Altro) Giudice severo che indossa un abito nero; giudiziale; critico; perchè qualcosa è sbagliata; Visione LOGICA NEGATIVA.

• Giallo (Ego, Altro) Solare; ottimismo; Visione LOGICA POSITIVA; cerca i benefici, quello che c'è di buono.

• Verde (Ego, Altro) Vegetazione; Piensiero CREATIVO; possibilità ed ipotesi; nuove idee

• Blu (Osservatore) Cielo; freddo; visione generale; CONTROLLO del PROCESSO, delle FASI, degli ALTRI CAPPELLI; presidente, organizzatore; pensa al modo migliore di pensare (meta-analisi)

I cappelli del De Bono sono indicativi sia degli stati che delle strutture mentali (cioè, la prospettiva da cui si osserva una determinata questione). Egli ha precisato: “Le emozioni sono una parte essenziale della nostra abilità di pensare e non una cosa extra che confonde i nostri pensieri„ (1985, p27). Uno stile di pensiero (o cappello) non è insitamente “migliore„ di un altro. Un team equilibrato riconosce la funzione necessaria di tutti i cappelli affinchè il team stesso possa considerare tutti gli aspetti di qualunque questione si debba affrontare.

Benefici principali del metodo dei Six Thinking Hats

1. Permette di parlare senza rischi. Molto forte ad impedire la Spirale di Silenzio.
2. Crea la consapevolezza che ci sono prospettive multiple sulla questione in corso
3. Meccanismo conveniente per “cambiare marcia„
4. Regole per il gioco del pensare
5. Focalizza i pensieri
6. Porta ad un modo di pensare più creativo
7. Migliora la comunicazione
8. Migliora il processo decisionale

Per mezzo dei sei cappelli

Nella maggior parte dei contesti di gruppo, gli individui tendono a sentirsi costretti ad adottare costantemente una specifica prospettiva (ottimista, pessimista, obiettiva, ecc.). Ciò limita i modi ed il grado di ogni individuo, e quindi del gruppo nell'insieme, di esaminare una questione. Con il Six Thinking Hats, uno più non è limitato ad una singola prospettiva nel suo concetto. I cappelli sono categorie del comportamento del pensiero e non categorie di persone. Lo scopo dei cappelli è dirigere il pensiero, non di classificare il pensiero o il pensatore. Effettivamente, portando un cappello che è diverso da quello che uno porta abitualmente, uno può imbattersi inaspettatamente su un gran numero di nuove idee. Portare un cappello significa deliberatamente adottare una prospettiva che non è necessariamente la nostra. È importante che tutti i membri del gruppo siano consapevoli di questo. Un membro del gruppo deve identificare chiaramente il colore del cappello che sta portando mentre fa una dichiarazione. Portare un cappello chiaramente identificato separa l'ego dalle performance. Il metodo dei Sei Cappelli è utile anche per il pensiero individuale di loro stessi.

Fasi tipiche di un workshop di six hats. Processo

I cappelli possono essere utilizzati in una certa sequenza strutturata secondo la natura della questione. Qui vi è un agenda tipo di un tipico workshop di Six Hat:

Punto 1: Presentare i fatti del caso (Cappello Bianco)
Punto 2: Generare idee su come il caso potrebbe essere affrontato (Cappello Verde)
Punto 3: Valutare i meriti delle idee - elencare i benefici (Cappello Giallo), elencare gli svantaggi (Cappello Nero)
Punto 4: Scervellarsi sulle possibili alternative (Cappello Rosso)
Punto 5: Ricapitolare e sospendere la seduta (Cappello Blu)
 

Forum Discussioni nei forum sul Sei Cappelli di Pensiero. Di seguito puoi porre una domanda su questo argomento, condividere le tue esperienze, segnalare un nuovo sviluppo o spiegare qualcosa. Inizia un nuovo argomento sul Sei Cappelli di Pensiero Condividi le tue conoscenze qui (o fai una domanda)   Techniques for Real Dialogue in Organisations How does one get people to see the difference between advocacy and dialogue? Many conversations that take place in organisations are designed to have (or at least result in having) a winner i.e. "My a... 21   9 commenti Six Thinking Hats is Parallel Thinking The Six Hats method is one simple and practical example of carrying out 'Parallel Thinking', described first by de Bono in his book with the same name. (published by Viking, London and Penguin Books, ... 14   Instilling Constructive Participation: 15-minute Soliloquy Another complementary possibility (besides the Six Thinking Hats) to instill constructive participation is to allow each member of the group on separate days to lead the discussion in the form of a fi... 11   2 commenti View Response to COVID-19 Wearing Six Thinking Hats The amount of information, misinformation, and disinformation about COVID-19 is overwhelming and frightening. But it's not surprising. The current pandemic is a complex wicked problem where everyone s... 9   5 commenti Everybody Should Wear More Than 1 Hat I think every individual on the discussion could take a different role at a time (per session). Or maybe should. But the point is they should never use only one hat. If they use only one hat, then the... 9   1 commenti Six Hats Great for Teaching at University I am using a modified version of the 6 thinking hats when teaching at the university. And it works very well. The students are not afraid of saying things because they are just playing a role...... 9   4 commenti Business Conflict Resolution Under an earlier forum topic entitled "Resolving a Business Argument", there was a great discussion using Six Thinking Hats. This posting is a more advanced version and describes how Stephen Covey's 7... 8   2 commenti Switching Hats by Top Managers People at the top of the organisation on most occasions wear just one of these hats. It would be interesting to see more top level people switching around hats. By doing so they may see a broader pers... 8   1 commenti Seventh Thinking Hat: Grey for Wisdom Educator Michael Hewitt-Gleeson has suggested to add a 7th thinking hat: the Grey Hat for Wisdom. Why the colour grey? Grey-haired seniors due to their time on earth gather a lot of wisdom, a com... 7   1 commenti Tools to Consider Multiple Perspectives Besides the 6 Thinking Hats, another great tool to explore many perspectives is the Thinker's Keys by Ryan. This tool makes you or a group of people ask and answer a number of questions about an issue... 7   1 commenti Avoiding Groupthink with 6 Thinking Hats Process Kennedy appeared to use this process in his decision making during 13 days in the Cuba crisis.... 6   1 commenti Distorted Western Adversarial Thinking A colleague recently shared a story that Edward De Bono told him at a lunch meeting. Apparently Edward was approached by a lawyer who asked: "How can I use Six Thinking Hats to argue and win my case i... 6   2 commenti Six Hats really great It is a really great way of developing & generating thinking concepts in a way that guarantees positive results.... 6   Can Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Improve Thinking? Suggestions have been made to use psychological instruments such as Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as an aid in resolving business arguments with difficult people. The aim of MBTI is to identify the... 5   1 commenti Current Status of Six Thinking Hats? Hot News On Friday, May 18, 2012, Edward De Bono was the keynote speaker at the FinanceMalta annual conference. "Thinking skills expert Edward De Bono shared anecdotes and some jokes to demonstrate the e... 5   2 commenti The Role of the Group Facilitator in Six Thinking Hats The role of the group facilitator is very important: he distributes the hats and chooses the debate orientation to explore the problem. All other participants have to folllow him. The above schem... 4   Conditions for 6 Thinking Hats. Assumptions Having just completed the De Bono 6 hats course, I can honestly say it is a good tool if administered, not only in a mature organizational environment, but crucially, an environment where there is TRU... 4   Six Thinking Hats for Instructional Design UPSIDE Learning has provided an interesting example of applying the six thinking hats for instructional design (link). The authors have chosen the following hat sequence: White, Black, Red, Green, Yel... 4   1 commenti Six Thinking Hats for Software Testing at Google Our testing is only as good as our thinking--and all too often we are hampered by limiting ideas, poor communication, and pre-set roles and responsibilities. Based on the work of Edward de Bono, the S... 3   Six Hats Certification I live in Sweden and work with process management. I have already worked with the "Six Thinking Hats" model which I believe is fantastic. Now I would like to learn the method even deeper and als... 3   1 commenti Additional 7th Thinking Hat? A potential seventh thinking hat could be an Orange Hat: thinking of moving forward in a such way as climbing a ladder of successes, SMART leadership, result-oriented.... 3   1 commenti How to Facilitate Mutual Understanding and Conflict Resolution Conflict resolution means the reduction, elimination, or termination of opposing views. Interest-based negotiation and mutual bargaining are win-win conflict resolution methods. Don’t feel that a... 3   Edward de Bono Obituary Edward de Bono died on June 09, 2021. He was 88. De Bono was a highly respected authority on creative thinking with an interest in the mind and its method of organizing information such as Six Thinkin... 3   1 commenti Six Thinking Hats is Great for Exploring All Points of View I think that the six thinking hats is a good method to make sense and authorize all the thinking of the peoples in meeting. Each answer is always a good answer and gives value for everyone. Also ... 1

Migliori Pratiche Gli argomenti migliori e più votati su Sei Cappelli di Pensiero. Qui troverai le idee più preziose e suggerimenti pratici. Resolving a Business Argument We've all been in arguments, such as when one person wants to proceed with something, but the other wants to stop. A resolution requires empathic listening, the ability to put yourself in the "ot... 47   57 commenti Clarification: Team Process Keep in mind that all members of the team wear the same hat at the same time. For the method to be successful, team members need to feel ownership for thinking according to the "current hat." The blue... 46   Situational Thinking Hats? While each of us typically wears one of these same six hats, we do not realise it. I am wondering: can a manager at different stages wear each of them seperately to suit the situation?... 34   5 commenti Examples of Using Six Hats Thinking Please give more examples about the 6 hats in different industries, especialy the IT field.... 34   4 commenti Telecom Example of Six Thinking Hats If a live subject can be discussed so that it is more clear how to use the Six Hat Thinking. May be some case from Telecom Industry. Thanks...... 24   1 commenti Wearing the Blue Hat One 'rule' no-one has mentioned: when using the six thinking hats for a group thinking session or meeting - while there maybe one person designated as the facilitator and that person would be expected... 20   2 commenti Challenging Plans or Ideas: The Ritual Dissent Approach When facilitating strategic planning sessions, I often will use a Cognitive-Edge Inc. workshop method called: 'Ritual Dissent'. It is designed to test and enhance proposals, ideas, plans through ... 14   6 commenti 6 Thinking Hats are Rubbish De Bono's 'Lateral thinking' was great stuff! The 'Thinking Hats' (and 'Different Kinds of Shoes', if I remember right) were rubbish, I'm afraid. Can justify in detail if required.... 13   16 commenti Systematic, Deliberate Thinking is not Easy to Do Your friend Joe calls you to say a recruiter from another company has unexpectedly called and presented him with a very attractive offer to head up a new department. He almost said yes right away, but... 13   2 commenti Six Hats is Universally Applicable The Six Hats concept is civilized, nonconfrontational, democratic, modern and universally acceptable for the right ideas to prevail and common sense to unite the human race and absolute human truth th... 8   3 commenti Taking Advantage of Conflicts in Group Decision Making In past research it was often argued that group decision making (GDM) improves if task-conflicts are present. Task-conflicts are different opinions about the content and outcomes of the task bein... 8   30 commenti

Consigli degli Esperti Approfondimenti avanzati sul Six Thinking Hats (Inglese). Qui troverai consigli professionali di esperti. The Advantages of Group Decision-Making Group Decision-Making The benefits of group decision-making include: - Synergy: Group decisions tend to combine and improve on the knowledge... Checklist to Evaluate Ideas Brainstorming, Creativity Princeton Creativity Research has developed the following 12 steps checklist to accurately evaluate ideas: 1. Have you ... The Disadvantages of Group Decision-Making Group Decision-Making The drawbacks of group decision-making include: - Longer time frame: Groups generally need more time to make decisions ... 3 Causes of Disagreement in Team Decision-making Processes Group Decision-making, Team Decision-making, Reasons for Disagreement, 3 Fs, Group Collaboration According to Freeman and Haskins (2014), there are three main categories of potential root causes for disagreements with... Brainstorming Sensitive Issues / Brainstorming Avoiding Groupthink Brainstorming Variants, Brainstorming Cardstorming is a creativity tool, similar to Brainstorming, allowing people to share ideas. It can be used as an altern... Concise Biography of Edward de Bono STH Background Italian-American psychologist Edward de Bono is seen as a worldwide recognized authority in creative thinking domain. Bo... The Role of Diversity in Personal Traits on Innovation and Innovativeness Innovation, Increasing Organizational Innovativeness New research by Hewlett, Marshall and Sherbin proves that diversity (of personal and team traits) drives innovation and ...

Fonti di Informazione Varie fonti di informazioni su Sei Cappelli di Pensiero. Qui troverai powerpoint, video, notizie, ecc. da utilizzare nelle tue lezioni e seminari. Six Thinking Hats Short Presentation Another presentation introducing the various hats and their uses.... Overview Presentation Explaining the Technique Presentation introduces the various hats and their uses... Applying Creative Thinking to Complex Business Problem Solving Creative Thinking, Problem Solving, Complex Problem Solving Techniques This presentation focuses on creative thinking as a useful tool for dealing with complex business issues. It includes th... Interview E. de Bono on Parallel Thinking and the 6 Thinking Hats Initial Understanding of the 6 Thinking Hats in Trainings, Workshops E. de Bono describes the basics of his six thinking hats model and why it is a superior alternative to traditional ARGUM... Group Conflicts, Group Cohesion and Groupthink in Decision Making Group Decision Making, Conflicts in Groups, Cohesion of Groups, Groupthink Presentation about conflicts and cohesion in groups, and how it influences decision making. The presentation includes th... Individual Decision Making and Group Decision Making Decision Making Process, Groupthink, Decision Making Styles, Vroom-Yetton Method Presentation about Decision Making by groups and individuals. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. Know... Group Decision Making: Using Team Conflict to Drive Performance Group Decison Making, Group Dynamics, Conflict Management, Team Conflicts Mark de Rond of Judge Business School explains why and how we should get more comfortable with team conflicts. Many peo... Increasing Group Participation: The 3 I's of Participation Increase Participation in Groups (Workshops, Trainings, Project Teams) Steve Davis explains his model to increase Group Participation. There are three types of participation: 1. Physical ... Benefits of the 6 Thinking Hats Initial Understanding of Benefits of the 6 Thinking Hats Overview of the benefits of the 6 thinking hats. Explains how Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats process saves time and ... Six Thinking Hats Diagram Exploring Different Perspectives Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ...

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