Six Chapeaux pour Penser
(de Bono)

Centre de Connaissances

La technique des Six Chapeaux de la Pensée Rationnelle (SCPR) ou Six Thinking Hats (STH) d'Edouard de Bono est un modèle qui peut être utilisé pour explorer différentes perspectives vers une situation ou un enjeu complexe. Voir les choses de diverses manières est souvent une bonne idée dans la formation de la stratégie ou des processus décisionnels complexes.

La technique de SCPR est conçue pour aider les individus délibérément à explorer une variété de perspectives sur un sujet qui peut être très différent de celui qu'ils pourraient le plus naturellement assumer. En portant un chapeau de pensée particulier, les personnes jouent des rôles, ou « comme si » eux-mêmes étaient dans une perspective particulière. Par exemple, on peut jouer l'avocat de diable, même si c'est seulement pour générer la discussion. L'objectif de l'avocat du diable est de défier délibérément une idée : soyez critique, recherchez ce qui est négatif avec lui.

Chacun des chapeaux est appelé par une couleur qui est mnémoniquement descriptif de la perspective adoptée en portant ce chapeau particulier. Par exemple l'avocat du diable est ce à quoi on s'engage en portant le chapeau de la pensée noir.

Les six chapeaux

• Blanc (Observateur) page blanche ; Neutre ; ciblez sur l'information disponible, les FAITS objectifs, ce qui est requis, comment il peut être obtenu

• Rouge (Soi-même, autre) le feu, chaleur ; ÉMOTIONS, SENTIMENTS, intuition, sensations ; vues actuelles sans explication, justification

• Noir (soi-même, autre) le juge sévère portant la longue robe noire ; le jugement ; critique ; pourquoi quelque chose est erronée ; Vue NÉGATIVE LOGIQUE.

•  jaune (soi-même, autre) Soleil qui brille ; optimisme ; Vue POSITIVE LOGIQUE ; recherche de résultats, de ce qui est bon.

•  vert (soi-même, autre) Végétation ; Pensée CRÉATRICE ; possibilités et hypothèses ; nouvelles idées

• Bleu (observateur) Ciel ; frais ; synthèse ; CONTRÔLE de PROCESSUS, ÉTAPES, AUTRES CHAPEAUX ; président, organisateur ; penser à propos de la pensée

Les chapeaux de De Bono's sont indicatifs des deux conditions émotives aussi bien que des structures d'esprit (c.-à-d., la perspective selon laquelle une question est regardée). Il a noté : Les « émotions sont une partie essentielle de notre capacité de pensée et pas simplement quelque chose d'extra qui perturbe notre pensée » (1985, p27). Un style de pensée (ou chapeau) n'est pas en soi « meilleur » que les autres. Une équipe complète, équilibrée identifie le besoin de tous les chapeaux afin que l'équipe considère tous les domaines de n'importe quelles questions auxquelles ils ont à faire face.

bénéfices principaux de la méthode de Six Chapeaux de la Pensée Rationnelle

1. Permettez de dire des choses sans risque. Très fort en empêchant la Spirale du silence.
2. Créez la prise de conscience qu'il y a des perspectives multiples sur la question actuelle
3. Mécanisme commode pour changer de vitesse « switching gears »
4. Règles pour le jeu de la pensée
5. Ciblez la Pensée
6. Menez à une pensée plus créatrice
7. Améliorez la communication
8. Améliorez la prise de décision

Utilisation des six chapeaux

Dans la plupart des contextes de groupe, les individus tendent au se sentir contraint à adopter une perspective spécifique en conformité (optimiste, pessimiste, objectif, etc.). Ceci limite les manières et le point auxquels chaque individu et le groupe dans son ensemble peut explorer ainsi une question. Avec les Six Chapeaux de la Pensée Rationnelle, un individu n'est plus limité à une perspective unique dans sa pensée. Les chapeaux sont les catégories du comportement de la pensée et pas des personnes elles-mêmes. L'objectif des chapeaux est de diriger la pensée, de ne pas classifier la pensée ou le penseur. En effet, en portant un chapeau qui est différent de celui qu'on porte habituellement, on peut se risquer sur une variété de nouvelles idées. Porter un chapeau signifie adopter délibérément une perspective qui n'est pas nécessairement la sienne. Il est important que tous les membres du groupe se rendent compte de ce fait. Un membre du groupe doit clairement identifier la couleur du chapeau qu'il porte tout en faisant une formulation. Porter un chapeau clairement identifié sépare l'ego de la performance. La méthode des six chapeaux est utile même pour la pensée des individus eux-mêmes.

Étapes types dans un atelier de six chapeaux. Processus

Les chapeaux peuvent être utilisés dans une certaine séquence structurée selon la nature de la question. Voici en exemple, un ordre du jour pour un atelier typique des 6 chapeaux :

Étape 1 : Présentez les faits du cas (le chapeau blanc)
Étape 2 : Générez les idées sur la façon dont le cas pourrait être traité (le chapeau vert)
Étape 3 : Évaluez les mérites des idées - énumérez les bénéfices (chapeau jaune), énumérez les inconvénients (chapeau noir)
Étape 4 : Obtenez à tout le monde le pressentiment au sujet des solutions de rechange (le chapeau rouge)
Étape 5 : Récapitulez et levez la séance (le chapeau bleu)
 

Discussions Forum sur Six Chapeaux pour Penser. Commencer un nouveau sujet Partagez vos connaissances ou posez une question   Techniques for Real Dialogue in Organisations How does one get people to see the difference between advocacy and dialogue? Many conversations that take place in organisations are designed to have (or at least result in having) a winner i.e. "My a... 21   9 commentaires Six Thinking Hats is Parallel Thinking The Six Hats method is one simple and practical example of carrying out 'Parallel Thinking', described first by de Bono in his book with the same name. (published by Viking, London and Penguin Books, ... 14   Instilling Constructive Participation: 15-minute Soliloquy Another complementary possibility (besides the Six Thinking Hats) to instill constructive participation is to allow each member of the group on separate days to lead the discussion in the form of a fi... 11   2 commentaires View Response to COVID-19 Wearing Six Thinking Hats The amount of information, misinformation, and disinformation about COVID-19 is overwhelming and frightening. But it's not surprising. The current pandemic is a complex wicked problem where everyone s... 9   5 commentaires Everybody Should Wear More Than 1 Hat I think every individual on the discussion could take a different role at a time (per session). Or maybe should. But the point is they should never use only one hat. If they use only one hat, then the... 9   1 commentaires Six Hats Great for Teaching at University I am using a modified version of the 6 thinking hats when teaching at the university. And it works very well. The students are not afraid of saying things because they are just playing a role...... 9   4 commentaires Business Conflict Resolution Under an earlier forum topic entitled "Resolving a Business Argument", there was a great discussion using Six Thinking Hats. This posting is a more advanced version and describes how Stephen Covey's 7... 8   2 commentaires Switching Hats by Top Managers People at the top of the organisation on most occasions wear just one of these hats. It would be interesting to see more top level people switching around hats. By doing so they may see a broader pers... 8   1 commentaires Seventh Thinking Hat: Grey for Wisdom Educator Michael Hewitt-Gleeson has suggested to add a 7th thinking hat: the Grey Hat for Wisdom. Why the colour grey? Grey-haired seniors due to their time on earth gather a lot of wisdom, a com... 7   1 commentaires Tools to Consider Multiple Perspectives Besides the 6 Thinking Hats, another great tool to explore many perspectives is the Thinker's Keys by Ryan. This tool makes you or a group of people ask and answer a number of questions about an issue... 7   1 commentaires Avoiding Groupthink with 6 Thinking Hats Process Kennedy appeared to use this process in his decision making during 13 days in the Cuba crisis.... 6   1 commentaires Distorted Western Adversarial Thinking A colleague recently shared a story that Edward De Bono told him at a lunch meeting. Apparently Edward was approached by a lawyer who asked: "How can I use Six Thinking Hats to argue and win my case i... 6   2 commentaires Six Hats really great It is a really great way of developing & generating thinking concepts in a way that guarantees positive results.... 6   Can Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Improve Thinking? Suggestions have been made to use psychological instruments such as Myers-Briggs Type Indicator as an aid in resolving business arguments with difficult people. The aim of MBTI is to identify the... 5   1 commentaires Current Status of Six Thinking Hats? Hot News On Friday, May 18, 2012, Edward De Bono was the keynote speaker at the FinanceMalta annual conference. "Thinking skills expert Edward De Bono shared anecdotes and some jokes to demonstrate the e... 5   2 commentaires The Role of the Group Facilitator in Six Thinking Hats The role of the group facilitator is very important: he distributes the hats and chooses the debate orientation to explore the problem. All other participants have to folllow him. The above schem... 4   Conditions for 6 Thinking Hats. Assumptions Having just completed the De Bono 6 hats course, I can honestly say it is a good tool if administered, not only in a mature organizational environment, but crucially, an environment where there is TRU... 4   Six Thinking Hats for Instructional Design UPSIDE Learning has provided an interesting example of applying the six thinking hats for instructional design (link). The authors have chosen the following hat sequence: White, Black, Red, Green, Yel... 4   1 commentaires Six Thinking Hats for Software Testing at Google Our testing is only as good as our thinking--and all too often we are hampered by limiting ideas, poor communication, and pre-set roles and responsibilities. Based on the work of Edward de Bono, the S... 3   Six Hats Certification I live in Sweden and work with process management. I have already worked with the "Six Thinking Hats" model which I believe is fantastic. Now I would like to learn the method even deeper and als... 3   1 commentaires Additional 7th Thinking Hat? A potential seventh thinking hat could be an Orange Hat: thinking of moving forward in a such way as climbing a ladder of successes, SMART leadership, result-oriented.... 3   1 commentaires How to Facilitate Mutual Understanding and Conflict Resolution Conflict resolution means the reduction, elimination, or termination of opposing views. Interest-based negotiation and mutual bargaining are win-win conflict resolution methods. Don’t feel that a... 3   Edward de Bono Obituary Edward de Bono died on June 09, 2021. He was 88. De Bono was a highly respected authority on creative thinking with an interest in the mind and its method of organizing information such as Six Thinkin... 3   1 commentaires Six Thinking Hats is Great for Exploring All Points of View I think that the six thinking hats is a good method to make sense and authorize all the thinking of the peoples in meeting. Each answer is always a good answer and gives value for everyone. Also ... 1

Meilleures Pratiques Les sujets les mieux notés sur Six Chapeaux pour Penser. Vous trouverez ici les idées les plus précieuses et des suggestions pratiques. Resolving a Business Argument We've all been in arguments, such as when one person wants to proceed with something, but the other wants to stop. A resolution requires empathic listening, the ability to put yourself in the "ot... 47   57 commentaires Clarification: Team Process Keep in mind that all members of the team wear the same hat at the same time. For the method to be successful, team members need to feel ownership for thinking according to the "current hat." The blue... 46   Situational Thinking Hats? While each of us typically wears one of these same six hats, we do not realise it. I am wondering: can a manager at different stages wear each of them seperately to suit the situation?... 34   5 commentaires Examples of Using Six Hats Thinking Please give more examples about the 6 hats in different industries, especialy the IT field.... 32   4 commentaires Telecom Example of Six Thinking Hats If a live subject can be discussed so that it is more clear how to use the Six Hat Thinking. May be some case from Telecom Industry. Thanks...... 24   1 commentaires Wearing the Blue Hat One 'rule' no-one has mentioned: when using the six thinking hats for a group thinking session or meeting - while there maybe one person designated as the facilitator and that person would be expected... 20   2 commentaires Challenging Plans or Ideas: The Ritual Dissent Approach When facilitating strategic planning sessions, I often will use a Cognitive-Edge Inc. workshop method called: 'Ritual Dissent'. It is designed to test and enhance proposals, ideas, plans through ... 14   6 commentaires 6 Thinking Hats are Rubbish De Bono's 'Lateral thinking' was great stuff! The 'Thinking Hats' (and 'Different Kinds of Shoes', if I remember right) were rubbish, I'm afraid. Can justify in detail if required.... 13   16 commentaires Systematic, Deliberate Thinking is not Easy to Do Your friend Joe calls you to say a recruiter from another company has unexpectedly called and presented him with a very attractive offer to head up a new department. He almost said yes right away, but... 13   2 commentaires Six Hats is Universally Applicable The Six Hats concept is civilized, nonconfrontational, democratic, modern and universally acceptable for the right ideas to prevail and common sense to unite the human race and absolute human truth th... 8   3 commentaires Taking Advantage of Conflicts in Group Decision Making In past research it was often argued that group decision making (GDM) improves if task-conflicts are present. Task-conflicts are different opinions about the content and outcomes of the task bein... 8   30 commentaires

Conseils d'Experts Idées avancées sur Six Thinking Hats (Anglais). Vous trouverez ici des conseils professionnels d'experts. The Advantages of Group Decision-Making Group Decision-Making The benefits of group decision-making include: - Synergy: Group decisions tend to combine and improve on the knowledge... Checklist to Evaluate Ideas Brainstorming, Creativity Princeton Creativity Research has developed the following 12 steps checklist to accurately evaluate ideas: 1. Have you ... The Disadvantages of Group Decision-Making Group Decision-Making The drawbacks of group decision-making include: - Longer time frame: Groups generally need more time to make decisions ... 3 Causes of Disagreement in Team Decision-making Processes Group Decision-making, Team Decision-making, Reasons for Disagreement, 3 Fs, Group Collaboration According to Freeman and Haskins (2014), there are three main categories of potential root causes for disagreements with... Brainstorming Sensitive Issues / Brainstorming Avoiding Groupthink Brainstorming Variants, Brainstorming Cardstorming is a creativity tool, similar to Brainstorming, allowing people to share ideas. It can be used as an altern... Concise Biography of Edward de Bono STH Background Italian-American psychologist Edward de Bono is seen as a worldwide recognized authority in creative thinking domain. Bo... The Role of Diversity in Personal Traits on Innovation and Innovativeness Innovation, Increasing Organizational Innovativeness New research by Hewlett, Marshall and Sherbin proves that diversity (of personal and team traits) drives innovation and ...

Sources d'Information Diverses sources d'informations sur Six Chapeaux pour Penser. Vous trouverez ici des powerpoints, des vidéos, des actualités, etc. à utiliser dans vos propres conférences et ateliers. Six Thinking Hats Short Presentation Another presentation introducing the various hats and their uses.... Overview Presentation Explaining the Technique Presentation introduces the various hats and their uses... Applying Creative Thinking to Complex Business Problem Solving Creative Thinking, Problem Solving, Complex Problem Solving Techniques This presentation focuses on creative thinking as a useful tool for dealing with complex business issues. It includes th... Interview E. de Bono on Parallel Thinking and the 6 Thinking Hats Initial Understanding of the 6 Thinking Hats in Trainings, Workshops E. de Bono describes the basics of his six thinking hats model and why it is a superior alternative to traditional ARGUM... Group Conflicts, Group Cohesion and Groupthink in Decision Making Group Decision Making, Conflicts in Groups, Cohesion of Groups, Groupthink Presentation about conflicts and cohesion in groups, and how it influences decision making. The presentation includes th... Individual Decision Making and Group Decision Making Decision Making Process, Groupthink, Decision Making Styles, Vroom-Yetton Method Presentation about Decision Making by groups and individuals. The presentation includes the following sections: 1. Know... Group Decision Making: Using Team Conflict to Drive Performance Group Decison Making, Group Dynamics, Conflict Management, Team Conflicts Mark de Rond of Judge Business School explains why and how we should get more comfortable with team conflicts. Many peo... Increasing Group Participation: The 3 I's of Participation Increase Participation in Groups (Workshops, Trainings, Project Teams) Steve Davis explains his model to increase Group Participation. There are three types of participation: 1. Physical ... Benefits of the 6 Thinking Hats Initial Understanding of Benefits of the 6 Thinking Hats Overview of the benefits of the 6 thinking hats. Explains how Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats process saves time and ... Six Thinking Hats Diagram Exploring Different Perspectives Download and edit this 12manage PowerPoint graphic for limited personal, educational and business use. Republishing in ...

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Comparez les Six Chapeaux de la Pensée Rationnelle avec :   Pensée de Groupe  |  Spirale du Silence  |  Profil de Gestion d'Équipe  |  Rôles d'Équipe de Belbin  |  Métaplan  |  Théorie du Noyau Dur  |  Carte Heuristique  |  Brainstorming  |  Méthode Delphi  |  Mécanismes Catalytiques  |  Modèle d'Herrmann  |  Planification de Scénarios  |  Théorie des Jeux  |  Analyse de Cause Racine  |  Enquête Dialectique  |  Théorie des Contraintes  |  Analyse du Champ de Force  |  Intelligence Émotionnelle   |  Raisonnement Stratégique par Analogie  |  Le Modèle Stage-Gate

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