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Types of Corporate Responsibility Initiatives (Griffin and Prakash)
Anneke Zwart, Student (University), Netherlands
Corporate Responsibility (CR) Initiatives is related to what an organization wants to achieve with their CR activities. These initiatives can be divided in 2 types of initiatives: functional and corporate initiatives. Both in turn are divided into 3 subcategories:
1. Functional Initiatives
1.1: Human Resources: The main goal of these human resources CR-activities is increasing the opportunities for employees economically, politically and socially. These initiatives search a way to improve employee voice, working conditions and so on.
1.2: Marketing/Product: These initiatives are customer-oriented and focus on process and product improvements as identified by the customers, for example innovations (energy-saving products etc) and green marketing; promotions and advertisements.
1.3: Supply Chain: These initiative aim to secure the purchase, accumulation, logistics and also the distribution of the required resources. These resources involve human, technological, financial and physical resources; also property and buildings. Supply chain CR-activities involve the clauses of conducts for suppliers and also for transporters (low carbon emissions), ethical sourcing. Also codes for governments such as the requirement for Foreign Direct Investment are involved in supply chain CR.
2. Corporate Initiatives
2.1: Development: These initiative seek to improve both social capital for certain communities and human capital. These improvements are achieved by building better infrastructures, improving education; public health and increase welfare.
2.2: Environment: These CR-activities emphasize environmental qualities and aim to create positive environmental externalities or reducing negative ones. The execution of these activities is done by specific institutions such as government agencies; also by certain community groups which are affected by negative environmental activities.
2.3: Corporate Governance: These activities aim to enhance the governing of an organization, industry or community. These firms or organizations often create guidelines on how to manage their operations in a corporate responsible way. Corporate governance CR-activities are often sponsored by institutions so as to establish these guidelines by describing corporate rules; reducing executive bonuses and benefits; requiring transparency etc.
Source: Griffin, J.J. and A. Prakash. (2013). “Corporate Responsibility: Initiatives and Mechanisms“, Business & Society
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Purpose of CSR InitiativesLeodegardo M. Pruna, Professor, Philippines A corporation doesn't have to be selfless to exercise Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as it should be. The corporation has only to remember that in operating its business, it has to deal with people and the environment. That, profit alone is not the sole motive of the corporation, but rather development and sustainability in the corporate business in order to keep the business going at the same time ensuring that people in and out of the corporation are satisfied and more than willing to give their best without sacrificing the environment where it operates. |
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