CEO Duality

CEO Duality

🔥NEW CEO duality refers to the situation when a Chief Executive Officer (CEO), besides running the corporation at the highest level, also holds the position of the Chairman of the Board. This phenomenon can only be found in One-tier Boards. In simpler wording, it's when a firm's CEO wears 2 hats: the CEO-hat and the Chairman of the Board-hat. CEO Duality obviously affects the company in question in multiple ways, which may be positive or negative.
I would like to kick off this discussion page on CEO Duality by answering the question:

How does the CEO duality impact on the effectiveness of the company's corporate governance system?

There are at least 4 areas to consider for answering this question:

BOARD EFFECTIVENESS: CEO duality night make the board of directors members and managers feel that their contribution will not make a lot of difference, because the decisions and implementations are in the hands of one person. This creates an imbalance of the power within the firm and enables one person to carry out all matters of the organization, which quickly results in highly biased and potentially ineffective decisions.
BOARD INDEPENDENCE: The Cadbury Report recommends that all listed companies should have no role duality to ensure a balance of power and authority leading to more independent boards. CEO duality increases the concentration of power in the hands of one person, where the chairman plays the role of a decision-maker, supervisor, and executive manager at the same time. That will reduce the essential check over the management's performance and diminish the board's independence.
EFFECTIVENESS OF MONITORING AND CONTROLLING MANAGEMENT: When two important positions are held by one person, her/his own interests might be advanced over the company's interests. Insecure directors might evaluate the firm's performance less reliably because they fear the powerful Chairman+CEO person. This may lead to long-term strategic drift. So CEO duality weakens the board's effectiveness in monitoring and controlling management. A separation of the two positions will provide checking against the possibility of ambitious plans by the Chairman/CEO. That is very important for monitoring the management.
DISCLOSURE AND TRANSPARENCY: A merge of the CEO and Chairman role could lead to a conflict of interests and that could increase the chances of wrong disclosure or of decreased reporting quality. The concentration of power in CEO duality is therefore associated with reduced transparency and lower quality of corporate governance information. A separation between the two positions helps to improve the quality of supervision and reduces any advantages gained by the CEO from withholding information.

All in all, it could be said that CEO duality negatively affects the effectiveness of a firm's corporate governance system.

⇨ I am looking forward to your reactions on the effect of CEO Duality on Corporate Governance as well as other effects of CEO Duality. Please, if you have any related information, share it here.

References:
1. B. Ram Baliga, R. Charles Moyer, Ramesh S. Rao, (1996), CEO Duality and Firm Performance: What's the Fuss?, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 41-53.
2. G. Vintnla, (2013), Study on CEO Duality and Corporate Governance of Companies Listed in Bucharest Stock Exchange, Revista Română de Statistică – Supliment Trim II, pp. 88-93.
3. K. Kong-Hee, R. Buchanan, (2008), CEO Duality Leadership And Firm Risk-Taking Propensity, The Journal of Applied Business Research – First Quarter, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 27-42.