From 7 P's to 7 C's of Marketing

From 7 P's to 7 C's of Marketing

Anyone who has taken a marketing course learned about the 4Ps and later 7Ps of Marketing. They are Place, Price, Promotion, Product. Later People, Physical Evidence and Process were added.
However, there is no doubt that recently the marketplace has changed from an industrial-driven one to knowledge-based one; from just as a place for buying and selling to one of conversation and collaboration; and from a product-based economy to market-based economy.
Internet, digitalization, competition and globalization have changed the entire market space and have caused the above changes (Jobber and Ellis-Chadwick, 2013).

As a result, in the present marketspace, customers are now king and a key determinant of which way and how the market goes (Fill, 2011). Customers are now better informed and very selective, they seek personalization and want value from the market (Miles, 2012).

Consequently, the known 7 Ps of marketing are changed to 7 Cs to reflect these new market realities that place a premium on customer’s needs and wants (Miles, 2012). The seven marketing Cs are:

1. Product ⇒ CUSTOMER: Product changed to Customer given that businesses have to consider and reflect the aspirations and wants of customers a lot more than before when producing products.
2. Price ⇒ COST: Price has now been replaced by the Cost to satisfy the customer.
3. Place ⇒ CONVENIENCE: Convenience which denotes easy to buying has replaced the P of Place.
4. Promotion ⇒ COMMUNICATION: Communication has replaced Promotion, as businesses are fast learning to transact, dialogue, engage and collaborate with consumers on their needs and wants before customizing or producing such need.
5. Physical Evidence ⇒ CREDIBILITY: Physical Evidence has been replaced with Credibility as present market demands ‘Doing what you say you will do when you say you will do it’. Customer trust has to be earned.
6. Process ⇒ CONNECTION: Present businesses engage and empower customers to generate brand loyalty. Connection replaced the Process.
7. People ⇒ CUSTOMER SERVICE: Build strategic relationship with customers rather than just focusing on your People.

Sources:
Fill, C. (2011) Essentials of Marketing Communications, England, Pearson Education Ltd.
Jobber, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2013), Principles and Practice of Marketing, 7th edn, Berkshire, McGraw-Hill Education.
Miles, J.A. (2012) Management and Organization Theory: A Jossey-Bass Reader, San Francisco, Wiley Imprint.

		Comments Sort by date Sort by rating Rating
		12 Jaap de Jonge Editor, Netherlands
	History from Marketing 4 Ps to 7 Ps to 4 Cs to 7 Cs Thanks Omenugha for sharing this. Indeed in simple terms and chronological order: 1960 (McCarth... Sign up

		2 KARTHIKEYAN Manager, India
	From Marketing Mix 4 P's to 7 C's Thank you Mr. Omenugha Nelson Obinna, for this wonderful explanation on the move from product-based ... Sign up

		3 KALEELUL RAHUMAN Management Consultant, Saudi Arabia
	From 7Ps to 7Cs: Cost doesn't Cover all Pricing Aspects Hi Nelson, good thinking. But Price includes many factors, Cost is just one of them. Therefore if on... Sign up

		1 Ricardo Bravo-Montenegro, Peru
	From Organization to Customer Approach Thanks, the approach from the point of view of the organization was replaced by an approach from the... Sign up

		3 Mudukula Mukubi Business Consultant, Zambia
	Consumer Focus yes, but Still with Product Value: 7PC Given the increasing uniformity in product quality (the goods and services) offered by different fir... Sign up

		1 Yemi Smith Management Consultant, Nigeria
	The Evolution of Marketing Remains Centered around Value Marketing is quite extensive and keeps evolving. Both as a function, course of study and life style.... Sign up

		0 Ibrahim Ali, Saudi Arabia
	7C - Cost Factor has many Sub-factors Hi, that was great subject and discussions. I agree with the cost factor but I think it needs more ... Sign up

		0 aziza abubakr Sudan
	From 7Ps to 7Cs Not for all Industries? I think that this concept of 7 Cs is most effective in highly automated organizations with high stan... Sign up

		2 Andreas J. Klemm Netherlands
	The 7 A's Marketing Mix - A Holistic Approach A good way of explaining the 7C's. However, as with most summaries, the summary can't cover the full... Sign up

		2 David Elmo Turnaround Manager, United States
	An Issue with Connection While the C's have been evolving for sometime, I would submit that "Connection" misses the point of ... Sign up

		2 Khalil Rajati industrial enginer, Iran
	7Cs of Marketing Mix not for All Products and Industries The 7 C's are not for all products. They need to be changed in relation to a lot of factors such as ... Sign up

		1 Mkhumbuzi Ncube Project Manager, Zimbabwe
	Development from 7Ps to 7Cs Interesting It's a very interesting topic and/but we should not discard the 7 Ps yet… A close look at the subje... Sign up

		1 Patrick Mulvey Management Consultant, United States
	4P to 7Cs Discussion Excellent discussion. As with any framework, these are not meant to imply exhaustive coverage, but r... Sign up

		1 Ramji Sharma, PhD Professor, Nepal
	7Ps Vs 7Cs - Not satisfied with Cost, Communication & Connection Among the 7Cs, "Cost" may not carry the essence of "Price", "Communication" simply seems underweight... Sign up